跟读练习: 16 The Noun Phrase - 通过视频学习英语口语
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recording 12 good morning everyone what you can see on the screen behind me is Sydney Harbour
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and it may surprise you to learn
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that this horrible rubbish lying at the bottom of the harbour
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was actually put there intentionally as part of a conservation project
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now the idea of putting rubbish into the harbour instead of cleaning it out may seem absurd to you
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but allow me to explain Two years ago, I was involved in a study with the University of Sydney.
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We were asked to try to calculate the number of fish and different species living in Sydney Harbour.
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During this study, the divers noticed that in the areas cleared of rubbish, very little life remained, whereas the old cars
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and other debris lying on the sea floor actually provided a
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rich habitat for an abundance of creatures including up to 20 species of fish crabs
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and seahorses and amazing plants such as sea tulips with bright red bodies we realized that
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if you remove all of the rubbish contained in the harbour
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then you also take away the homes of the creatures living
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there earlier this year with the help of the sydney harbour
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federation trust we reached a decision to expand our study and start putting rubbish back into particular areas of the harbour.
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So far, we have used things like old car tyres and rope,
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but we have a plan to carry out a more detailed study to test out a variety of artificial structures
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and see whether the sea creatures in the harbour find these as attractive a home as the rubble of the past.
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We'll also catalogue the creatures living there, and the data collected from the sites will be analysed to
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establish whether these artificial reefs have in fact helped to increase the volume of fish in the harbour.
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In the meantime, if you have any suggestions of other possible sites with submerged rubbish that would be suitable for our research,
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please speak to me after the lecture.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 22 个句子、335 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:05。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 161 个词，接近日常对话。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个不太常见的单词，附发音和释义：
- rubbish /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/ (名词) — 胡扯, 瞎掰. Refuse, waste, garbage, junk, trash.
- artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/ (形容词) — 人造的. Man-made; made by humans; of artifice.
- establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ (动词) — 確定 /确定. To make stable or firm; to confirm.
- horrible /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ (形容词) — 可怕的, 可畏. Causing horror; terrible; shocking.
- whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/ — 然而. In contrast; whilst on the contrary; although.
- suitable [ˈsjuː.tə.bɫ̩] (形容词) — 合適 /合适, 適當 /适当. Having sufficient or the required properties for a certain purpose or task; appropriate to a certain occasion.
- collect /ˈkɑlɪkt/ (动词) — 庋藏, 收藏. To gather together; amass.
- expand /ɪkˈspænd/ (动词) — 擴展 /扩展, 擴張 /扩张. To change (something) from a smaller form or size to a larger one; to spread out or lay open.
- conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/ (名词) — 保存. The act of preserving, guarding, or protecting; the keeping (of a thing) in a safe or entire state; preservation.
- federation /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən/ (名词) — 聯邦 /联邦. An act of joining together into a single political entity.
- suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ (名词) — 建議 /建议, 提議 /提议. Something suggested (with subsequent adposition being for)
- lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ (名词) — 演講 /演讲. A spoken lesson or exposition, usually delivered to a group.
- rope /ɹoʊp/ (名词) — 繩子 /绳子, 繩索 /绳索. Thick strings, yarn, monofilaments, metal wires, or strands of other cordage that are twisted together to form a stronger line.
- absurd /əbˈsɜːd/ (形容词) — 荒謬 /荒谬, 荒唐. Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory…
- debris /ˈdɛbɹi/ (名词) — 殘骸 /残骸, 瓦礫 /瓦砾. Rubble, wreckage, scattered remains of something destroyed.
视频中出现的短语动词
- carry out /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ (动词) — 進行 /进行. To hold while moving it out.
需要注意的发音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: rubbish /ˈɹʌbɪʃ/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, federation /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, federation /ˌfɛdəˈɹeɪ̯ʃən/, intentionally /ɪnˈtɛn(t)ʃənəli/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 rubbish, artificial, establish 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。