跟读练习: The Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Everything | WWII With Tom Hanks - 通过视频学习英语口语
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77 句
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In late 1937, the Japanese escalate their military campaign in China.
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They already occupy Manchuria.
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After three months of fighting,
4
they take Shanghai and move to the ancient Chinese capital and move to the ancient Chinese capital of Nanking.
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The Japanese brutality that follows will shock the world.
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They enter the city, and instead of just occupying it, they let the Japanese troops off the leash.
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They raped, they pillaged, they burned, they steal.
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The Japanese commanders ordered their soldiers not to take any prisoners, which meant executions.
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The Japanese invasion does identify the Japanese as an aggressive power in the Pacific, that they are brutal in the way that they've treated the population.
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And this starts to change people's perceptions with regards to the Japanese.
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To counter continued Japanese aggression in China, Roosevelt orders the U.S fleet to move from San Diego to Pearl Harbor,
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a naval base on Hawaii, 2,000 miles closer to the Japanese mainland.
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This is a land that is an extension of the United States is the United States.
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Roosevelt is sending a clear signal he hopes will deter Japan.
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The Pacific is America's sphere of influence.
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He wants the fleet to be positioned far enough forward that the Japanese will take it seriously,
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but at the same time not to be overtly provocative by moving it to a place like the Philippines or maybe Singapore.
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Pearl Harbor is now the front line of American naval power in the Pacific.
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The Pearl Harbor Naval Base is perfect
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because it's got a narrow channel into a wide harbor with an island right in the middle.
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So it looks like a fortress.
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In the summer of 1941, The United States takes its strongest stand yet against Japan's territorial ambitions.
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The United States has been concerned about Japanese expansion and aggression in Asia for some time.
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Roosevelt has stopped short of a military response, but there's been a series of embargoes.
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Embargo on weapons, an embargo on scrap iron.
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Japan is almost entirely dependent on oil imported from the U.S.
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So FDR imposes an embargo on the Japanese.
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In the summer of 1941, America essentially turns off the tap.
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The embargo becomes a disaster for the Japanese economy and military.
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By installing an oil embargo, we have basically said, we are going to control your future.
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Although meant to deter Japan,
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FDR's order to move the Pacific fleet base from California to Pearl Harbor means it's now within striking distance.
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Roosevelt doesn't really understand that by moving the fleet this far forward, it now becomes a potential target for the Japanese because the Americans in general don't understand
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the sophistication and level of capability that the Japanese now have.
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December 7th, 1941.
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183 Japanese planes descend on Pearl Harbor in the first wave of the attack.
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Their target, the airfields.
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The result is going to be this concentrated bombing attack to
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try to put as many American planes out of business at the outset of the attack.
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At 7.55 AM, the first bombs hit.
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When you hear the airplanes overhead, you're like, oh, boy, they sure are doing training early today.
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And then when all of a sudden things start to explode, you're like, oh, man, somebody's really gonna get in trouble, because this training event's way out of hand.
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Another formation of Japanese aircraft dive on the ships anchored along Battleship Row.
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Torpedo planes at low level and overhead bombers.
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It's not until ships actually start exploding, bullets start ripping through the decks that they realize, oh my god, this is really real.
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The Oklahoma and the West Virginia are very heavily hit.
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Oklahoma ends up capsizing, trapping hundreds of men in this overturned ship.
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After two waves of attack, The Japanese withdraw.
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188 U.S aircraft are destroyed.
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1,178 servicemen and civilians are wounded.
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2,403 are dead.
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The America that wakes up on December 8, 1941, is a different country.
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The country's being tested.
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Are we up to this?
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Can we meet this challenge?
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We are being put in the balance, and would we be found wanting or not?
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At 12.30 p.m., Congress assembles.
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Yesterday, December 7th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy.
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A state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire.
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Look very carefully at what Franklin Roosevelt said on the 8th of December.
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We are declaring war against the Empire of Japan.
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He does not mention Germany.
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The 8th goes by, the 9th goes by, the 10th goes by.
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And not until the 11th, when Hitler decides to declare war on the United States,
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did the United States then in turn declare war on Germany.
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America now faces a global war on two fronts.
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We were dragged into this.
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Let's be very clear.
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The United States of America did not wake up in the middle of the 20th century
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and decided it was going to defeat tyranny.
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Tyranny had to force us into a struggle that we now recognize to be the great existential struggle, arguably of the last millennium.
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But it was not a quick or easy date with destiny.
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We are now in this war.
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We're all in it, all the way.
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Every single man, woman, and child is a partner in the most tremendous undertaking of our American history.
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It will not only be a long war, it will be a hard war.
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We are going to win the war, And we are going to win the peace that follows.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“The Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Everything”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：Japanese, harbor, embargo, Roosevelt, Pearl。 这段视频共有 77 个句子、905 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 9:35。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 94 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 只有 80% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| embargo 名词 | /ɪmˈbɑɹɡoʊ/ | 封港令 |
| harbor 名词 | /ˈhɑːbə/ | 海港, 港 |
| declare 动词 | /dɪˈklɛɚ/ | 宣布 |
| deter 动词 | /dɪˈtɝ/ | 防止, 阻止 |
| tyranny 名词 | /ˈtɪəɹəni/ | 僭主政治, 獨裁 /独裁 |
| explode 动词 | /ɪkˈsploʊd/ | 爆炸, 爆發 /爆发 |
| aggression 名词 | /əˈɡɹɛʃən/ | 侵略 |
| overhead 名词 | /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ | 間接費用 /间接费用 |
| occupy 动词 | /ˈɑkjəpaɪ/ | 花費 /花费, 佔 /占 |
| airfield 名词 | 飛機場 /飞机场, 機場 /机场 | |
| capsize 动词 | /ˈkæpsaɪz/ | 傾覆 /倾覆, 翻 |
| escalate 动词 | /ˈɛs.kə.leɪt/ | 升級 /升级, 升高 |
| existential 形容词 | /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃl̩/ | 存在性, 有關存在的 /有关存在的 |
| infamy 名词 | /ˈɪnfəmi/ | 罵名 /骂名, 污名 |
| outset 名词 | /ˈaʊtsɛt/ | 開始 /开始 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| end up 动词 | 到达 |
| turn off 动词 | 關 /关, 關掉 /关掉 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- Are we up to this?
- Can we meet this challenge?
- We're all in it, all the way.
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | be positioned · are destroyed · are wounded |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | they've treated · has been · has stopped |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 7 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you're, doesn't, don't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: aggression /əˈɡɹɛʃən/, existential /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃl̩/, sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: provocative /pɹəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv/, sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, brutality /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/, undertaking /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌteɪkɪŋ/, territorial /ˌtɛɹ.əˈtɔɹ.i.əl/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, overturn /ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈtɜː(ɹ)n/, provocative /pɹəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv/, civilians /sɪˈvɪl.jənz/, dive /daɪv/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: explode /ɪkˈsploʊd/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, capsize /ˈkæpsaɪz/, escalate /ˈɛs.kə.leɪt/, outset /ˈaʊtsɛt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: brutality /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/, arguably /ˈɑɹɡjuəbli/, territorial /ˌtɛɹ.əˈtɔɹ.i.əl/, airplane /ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/, brutal /ˈbɹuːtəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 embargo, harbor, declare 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。