Prática de Shadowing: The Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Everything | WWII With Tom Hanks - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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In late 1937, the Japanese escalate their military campaign in China.
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They already occupy Manchuria.
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After three months of fighting,
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they take Shanghai and move to the ancient Chinese capital and move to the ancient Chinese capital of Nanking.
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The Japanese brutality that follows will shock the world.
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They enter the city, and instead of just occupying it, they let the Japanese troops off the leash.
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They raped, they pillaged, they burned, they steal.
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The Japanese commanders ordered their soldiers not to take any prisoners, which meant executions.
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The Japanese invasion does identify the Japanese as an aggressive power in the Pacific, that they are brutal in the way that they've treated the population.
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And this starts to change people's perceptions with regards to the Japanese.
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To counter continued Japanese aggression in China, Roosevelt orders the U.S fleet to move from San Diego to Pearl Harbor,
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a naval base on Hawaii, 2,000 miles closer to the Japanese mainland.
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This is a land that is an extension of the United States is the United States.
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Roosevelt is sending a clear signal he hopes will deter Japan.
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The Pacific is America's sphere of influence.
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He wants the fleet to be positioned far enough forward that the Japanese will take it seriously,
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but at the same time not to be overtly provocative by moving it to a place like the Philippines or maybe Singapore.
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Pearl Harbor is now the front line of American naval power in the Pacific.
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The Pearl Harbor Naval Base is perfect
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because it's got a narrow channel into a wide harbor with an island right in the middle.
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So it looks like a fortress.
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In the summer of 1941, The United States takes its strongest stand yet against Japan's territorial ambitions.
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The United States has been concerned about Japanese expansion and aggression in Asia for some time.
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Roosevelt has stopped short of a military response, but there's been a series of embargoes.
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Embargo on weapons, an embargo on scrap iron.
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Japan is almost entirely dependent on oil imported from the U.S.
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So FDR imposes an embargo on the Japanese.
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In the summer of 1941, America essentially turns off the tap.
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The embargo becomes a disaster for the Japanese economy and military.
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By installing an oil embargo, we have basically said, we are going to control your future.
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Although meant to deter Japan,
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FDR's order to move the Pacific fleet base from California to Pearl Harbor means it's now within striking distance.
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Roosevelt doesn't really understand that by moving the fleet this far forward, it now becomes a potential target for the Japanese because the Americans in general don't understand
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the sophistication and level of capability that the Japanese now have.
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December 7th, 1941.
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183 Japanese planes descend on Pearl Harbor in the first wave of the attack.
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Their target, the airfields.
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The result is going to be this concentrated bombing attack to
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try to put as many American planes out of business at the outset of the attack.
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At 7.55 AM, the first bombs hit.
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When you hear the airplanes overhead, you're like, oh, boy, they sure are doing training early today.
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And then when all of a sudden things start to explode, you're like, oh, man, somebody's really gonna get in trouble, because this training event's way out of hand.
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Another formation of Japanese aircraft dive on the ships anchored along Battleship Row.
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Torpedo planes at low level and overhead bombers.
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It's not until ships actually start exploding, bullets start ripping through the decks that they realize, oh my god, this is really real.
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The Oklahoma and the West Virginia are very heavily hit.
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Oklahoma ends up capsizing, trapping hundreds of men in this overturned ship.
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After two waves of attack, The Japanese withdraw.
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188 U.S aircraft are destroyed.
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1,178 servicemen and civilians are wounded.
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2,403 are dead.
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The America that wakes up on December 8, 1941, is a different country.
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The country's being tested.
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Are we up to this?
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Can we meet this challenge?
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We are being put in the balance, and would we be found wanting or not?
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At 12.30 p.m., Congress assembles.
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Yesterday, December 7th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy.
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A state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese Empire.
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Look very carefully at what Franklin Roosevelt said on the 8th of December.
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We are declaring war against the Empire of Japan.
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He does not mention Germany.
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The 8th goes by, the 9th goes by, the 10th goes by.
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And not until the 11th, when Hitler decides to declare war on the United States,
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did the United States then in turn declare war on Germany.
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America now faces a global war on two fronts.
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We were dragged into this.
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Let's be very clear.
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The United States of America did not wake up in the middle of the 20th century
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and decided it was going to defeat tyranny.
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Tyranny had to force us into a struggle that we now recognize to be the great existential struggle, arguably of the last millennium.
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But it was not a quick or easy date with destiny.
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We are now in this war.
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We're all in it, all the way.
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Every single man, woman, and child is a partner in the most tremendous undertaking of our American history.
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It will not only be a long war, it will be a hard war.
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We are going to win the war, And we are going to win the peace that follows.
📺 Mesmo canal
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “The Attack on Pearl Harbor Changed Everything”. As palavras que mais se repetem: Japanese, harbor, embargo, Roosevelt, Pearl. Este vídeo tem 77 frases e 905 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 9:35. O falante fala devagar, cerca de 94 palavras por minuto, o que dá tempo para imitar cada som. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| embargo substantivo | /ɪmˈbɑɹɡoʊ/ | embargo, bloqueio |
| harbor substantivo | /ˈhɑːbə/ | albergue |
| declare verbo | /dɪˈklɛɚ/ | declarar |
| deter verbo | /dɪˈtɝ/ | impedir |
| tyranny substantivo | /ˈtɪəɹəni/ | tirania |
| explode verbo | /ɪkˈsploʊd/ | explodir |
| aggression substantivo | /əˈɡɹɛʃən/ | agressão |
| overhead substantivo | /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/ | overhead |
| occupy verbo | /ˈɑkjəpaɪ/ | ocupar |
| airfield substantivo | aeródromo | |
| capsize verbo | /ˈkæpsaɪz/ | soçobrar |
| escalate verbo | /ˈɛs.kə.leɪt/ | intensificar |
| existential adjetivo | /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃl̩/ | existencial |
| infamy substantivo | /ˈɪnfəmi/ | infâmia |
| outset substantivo | /ˈaʊtsɛt/ | início |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, acabar |
| turn off verbo | desligar, apagar |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- Are we up to this?
- Can we meet this challenge?
- We're all in it, all the way.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | be positioned · are destroyed · are wounded |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | they've treated · has been · has stopped |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 7 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you're, doesn't, don't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: aggression /əˈɡɹɛʃən/, existential /ˌɛɡzɪˈstɛnʃl̩/, sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, ambition /æmˈbɪʃ.ən/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: provocative /pɹəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv/, sophistication /səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, brutality /ˌbɹuːˈtælɪti/, undertaking /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌteɪkɪŋ/, territorial /ˌtɛɹ.əˈtɔɹ.i.əl/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: explode /ɪkˈsploʊd/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/, escalate /ˈɛs.kə.leɪt/, outset /ˈaʊtsɛt/, descend /dəˈsɛnd/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: assemble /əˈsɛm.bəl/, territorial /ˌtɛɹ.əˈtɔɹ.i.əl/, brutal /ˈbɹuːtəl/, install /ɪnˈstɔl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: harbor /ˈhɑːbə/, overhead /ˈəʊvəˌhɛd/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como embargo, harbor, declare.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.