“used to”

Used to + 动词原形 表示过去经常发生或过去如此、但现在不再这样的事。所有主语形式都一样，而且只有过去式。

在 did / didn't 后面去掉 -d：use to（did 已经表示过去了，就像要说 did you go，不说 did you went）。另一个常见的否定说法是 never used to：I never used to eat vegetables。正式的英式英语中也可能见到 used not to。

💡Used to 和 use to 读音相同：/ˈjuːs tə/——读 /s/，不是动词 use 的 /z/，d 几乎不发音。正因为读音一样，很容易拼错：肯定句写 used，did / didn't 后面写 use。

1. 过去的习惯——以前反复做、现在不做了的事

• I used to play badminton every evening after school.

  我以前每天放学后都去打羽毛球。

• My grandma used to walk to the market every morning.

  我奶奶以前每天早上走路去市场。

2. 过去的状态——曾经长期如此、但已经改变的情况（be、have、live、like、think、believe…）

• This café used to be a bookshop.

  这家咖啡馆以前是一家书店。

• Lan used to have very short hair.

  阿兰以前留着很短的头发。

• I used to think English grammar was boring.

  我以前觉得英语语法很枯燥。

3. There used to be——某处以前有某样东西，但现在没有了

• There used to be a big banyan tree in front of our school.

  我们学校门口以前有一棵大榕树。

• There didn't use to be so much traffic in Da Nang.

  岘港以前车没有这么多。

💡不要用 used to 表示现在的习惯（“I use to drink coffee every morning” 是错的）。Used to 只有过去式。中文的“我习惯每天早上喝咖啡”说的是现在的习惯，要用一般现在时，常加 usually：I usually drink coffee in the morning。

一般过去时可以描述任何已经结束的过去动作，包括习惯（When I was a kid, I played outside every day）。Used to 强调那是长期的习惯或状态，而且现在已经不同了。以下情况不用 used to：

• 只发生过一次的事：I went to Sa Pa last year（不说：used to go）。
• 说多少次：I visited her three times（不说：used to visit her three times）。
• 说确切的时长：I lived in Hue for five years（一般不说 used to live there for five years）。
• 某一时刻正在进行的动作：I was watching TV when you called（不说 used to watch）。

• We used to go to Vung Tau every summer, but last year we went to Phu Quoc.

  我们以前每年夏天都去头顿，但去年去了富国岛。（used to = 很多次；went = 一次）

Be / get used to 前面有 be 或 get，后面接 -ing 或名词，意思完全不同——见“‘be used to’ + -ing”一课。Would 可以代替 used to 表示反复的动作，但不能表示状态：We used to have a dog（不说：would have a dog）——见“Would”一课。

• ✗I use to play football when I was young.

  ✓I used to play football when I was young.

  肯定句 → used（带 -d）。

• ✗I didn't used to like spicy food.

  ✓I didn't use to like spicy food.

  didn't 后面去掉 -d：use to（didn't used to 虽然常见，但被认为是错误的）。

• ✗My father used to worked in a factory.

  ✓My father used to work in a factory.

  used to 后面用动词原形。

• ✗I was used to play tennis, but I stopped.

  ✓I used to play tennis, but I stopped.

  过去的习惯不用 be；be used to + -ing 意思是“习惯于”。

• ✗I use to get up at six every day.

  ✓I usually get up at six every day.

  现在的习惯 → 一般现在时。

• ✗I used to go to Japan three times.

  ✓I went to Japan three times.

  说次数 → 一般过去时。