Shadowing-Übung: PASSIVE VOICE - English Grammar step-by-step - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
Lektion wird erstellt...
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What is the passive voice?
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When do we use the passive voice?
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And how can I easily change the active voice to the passive voice?
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I'm Arnelle from Arnelle's Everyday English and today I'm going to answer these three questions step by step.
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Today's lesson plan is what is the passive voice, the grammatical structure, when to use the passive voice,
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plus an important study tip, transforming from the active to the passive.
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Some sentences cannot be transformed into the passive.
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I'll tell you why.
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So there's going to be a lot of information in this lesson.
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Get ready to take notes.
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Let's begin.
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What is the passive voice?
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The passive voice is the opposite of the active voice.
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Active.
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Everybody loves chocolate.
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Passive chocolate is loved by everybody active the lifeguard saved
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a man passive a man was saved by the lifeguard active decorators are painting my house passive
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my house is being painted okay here are three examples of the passive now Let's look at this grammar in more detail.
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Step two, the grammatical structure.
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When you form the passive, you need B plus a past participle.
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Here are the forms of B.
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There's a lot.
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Am, are, is in the present.
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Was, were in the past you can use being with perfect tenses
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and being in continuous tenses you need a form of this plus
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that past participle
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which is verb number three eat ate eaten eaten is my past participle play played played played is my past participle
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The three sentences from earlier, they all have be and that past participle.
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So, let's compare two sentences.
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This bottle of ketchup has already been opened.
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I have been tired for weeks. Which sentence is passive?
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Right.
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The first one.
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Why?
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Because I have the B and the past participle.
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In the second sentence, I have be, which is great, but I don't have a past participle.
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Tired is an adjective, so that sentence isn't a passive.
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So all of remember the passive has B and past participle.
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Step number three.
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Why do we use the passive?
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1. When the action is more important
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or interesting than the person who does the action one million
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pounds were donated to the children's hospital wow one million pounds
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that's a lot of money this is very interesting who donated the money it's not important i'm interested in the information here
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active the prime minister donated 1 million pounds to the children's
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hospital here wow it's the prime minister in the active sentence it's really important who does the action,
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but in the passive that's not important.
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Number two, the person who does the action is not known.
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or not important.
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This beautiful bridge was built in 1732. Who built the bridge?
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It's not important or I don't know.
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Active.
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John Taylor Thomas built this bridge in 1732.
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Imagine John Taylor Thomas is a famous architect, then that information is important.
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In the passive, not important, in the active, important.
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Number three, the person doing the action is obvious.
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Bill was arrested last night.
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Who arrested bill it's obvious the police arrested bill only the
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police can arrest someone active the police arrested bill last night you could definitely say that it's just different emphasis
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Number four, the object cannot do the action itself.
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100 chocolate cakes were sold on Sunday.
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Can a cake sell itself?
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Of course not.
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It needs to be the passive.
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If you want to say who does the action, you can use an agent.
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We form the agent using by plus person.
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The agent is optional.
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One million pounds were donated to the children's hospital by the Prime minister.
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By the prime minister is optional information.
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This beautiful bridge was built in 1732. By John Taylor Thomas.
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That's optional information.
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100 chocolate cakes were sold on Sunday by Jones's Bakery.
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Again, optional information.
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Important study tip!
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In a newspaper, I want you to highlight any form of the passive you see.
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I want you to ask yourself, why is the passive being used?
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Is it reason 1, 2, 3, or 4?
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You can also do this when you're watching a film.
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Use the subtitles to help you.
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Once you understand why the passive is being used, you can start using it confidently.
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Step number four, transforming an active sentence to a passive sentence.
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Active?
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Apple sells thousands of iPhones every day.
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How can I change this to the passive?
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Remember, you need B plus past participle.
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Thousands of iPhones are sold every day.
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Do I want the agent?
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Buy Apple?
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Buy Apple is reason number three.
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It's obvious.
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Only Apple sells iPhones.
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Apple sells thousands of iPhones every day.
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Thousands of iPhones are sold every day.
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Buy Apple.
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Each tense has its own passive structure.
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You need a list.
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Here, I have a list of the tenses, and you can see that B and the past participle.
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The tenses in red, present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, do not have a natural a passive form.
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Don't try to form the passive using the red tenses.
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Now I don't want you to think, oh there are so many structures for me to memorize.
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step one you recognize the passive step two you understand the passive
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and step three you use the passive whichever step you're on is fine
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oh how are you feeling i hope you're feeling like this and not like this
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I have one more important piece of information to tell you about the passive.
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Intransitive verbs cannot be made into the passive.
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What is an intransitive verb?
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An intransitive verb does not have an object.
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I bought a coffee.
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Buy is a transitive verb.
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It needs an object.
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In this case, coffee.
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I arrived late.
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Here, arrived is an intransitive verb.
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It doesn't need an object.
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I arrived is fine.
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There's no object needed.
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It's intransitive.
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So sentence number one, if I want to make it the passive, a coffee was bought.
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Perfect.
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Sentence number two, it's not possible.
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In transitive verbs, no passive.
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Fantastic, well done.
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If you want a list of all the passive formations plus examples, you can go to my website.
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I'll leave the link in the description for you.
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There you have it.
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If you want more videos, don't forget to subscribe and I'll see you very soon for another lesson.
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Thank you.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 127 Sätze und 1053 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 12:28. Der Sprecher spricht langsam, etwa 84 Wörter pro Minute, sodass genug Zeit bleibt, jeden Laut nachzuahmen. 83 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 weniger häufige Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
- passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/ (Adjektiv) — passiv. Being subjected to an action without producing a reaction.
- verb /vɝb/ (Substantiv) — Verb, Verbum. A word that indicates an action, event, or state of being.
- tense /tɛns/ (Substantiv) — Zeit, Tempus. The property of indicating the point in time at which an action or state of being occurs or exists.
- donate /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ (Verb) — spenden, stiften. To make a donation; to give away something of value to support or contribute towards a cause or for the benefit of another.
- optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/ (Adjektiv) — freiwillig, optional. Not compulsory; left to personal choice; elective.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (Substantiv) — Lehrstunde, Stunde. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- arrive /əˈɹaɪv/ (Verb) — ankommen, einlangen. To reach; to get to a certain place.
- continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ (Adjektiv) — kontinuierlich, stetig. Without stopping; without a break, cessation, or interruption.
- transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ (Verb) — verwandeln, transformieren. To change greatly the appearance or form of.
- compare /kəmˈpɛɚ/ (Verb) — vergleichen, komparieren. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things [“to compare X with Y”]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it…
- highlight /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/ (Verb) — hervorheben, beleuchten. To make prominent; emphasize.
- emphasis /ˈɛmfəsɪs/ (Substantiv) — Nachdruck, Eindringlichkeit. Special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important.
- grammar /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ (Substantiv) — Grammatik, Grammatiktheorie. A system of rules and principles for the structure of a language, or of languages in general.
- architect /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ (Substantiv) — Architekt, Architektin. A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction.
- subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/ (Verb) — abonnieren. To write (one’s name) at the bottom of a document; to sign (one's name).
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
- look at (Verb) — schauen. To observe or watch.
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 16 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel don't, I'll, I'm. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, participle /ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/, intransitive /ɪnˈtɹænsətɪv/, grammatical /ɡɹəˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/, confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Sprich Satz für Satz in normaler Geschwindigkeit nach und wiederhole jeden, bis dein Rhythmus zum Sprecher passt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie passive, verb, tense.
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | cannot be transformed · is loved · was saved |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | has already been opened · have been tired |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | person who does |
| Present Continuous am/is/are + -ing – etwas, das gerade jetzt oder zurzeit passiert | are painting · is being · you're watching |
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.