Shadowing Practice: Cambridge 15 listening (Test-1) (Part-4) - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Part 4.
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You will hear a student giving a presentation about a type of tree known as the eucalyptus.
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which is common in Australia.
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First, You have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today, I'm going to talk about the eucalyptus tree.
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This is a very common tree here in Australia, where it's also sometimes called the gum tree.
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First, I'm going to talk about why it's important.
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Then I'm going to describe some problems it faces at present.
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Right, well, the eucalyptus tree is an important tree for lots of reasons.
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For example, it gives shelter to creatures like birds and bats.
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And these and other species also depend on it for food, particularly the nectar from its flowers.
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So, it supports biodiversity.
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It's useful to us humans too because we can kill germs with a disinfectant made from oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves.
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The eucalyptus grows all over Australia, and the trees can live for up to 400 years.
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So, it's alarming that all across the country, numbers of eucalyptus are falling because the trees are dying off prematurely.
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So, what are the reasons for this?
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One possible reason is disease.
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As far back as the 1970s, the trees started getting a disease called mundula yellows.
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The tree's leaves would gradually turn yellow, then the tree would die.
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It wasn't until 2004 that they found the cause of the problem was lime,
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or calcium hydroxide, to give it its proper chemical name, which was being used in the construction of roads.
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The lime was being washed away into the ground and affecting the roots of the eucalyptus trees nearby.
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What it was doing was preventing the trees from sucking up the iron they needed for healthy growth.
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When this was injected back into the affected trees, they immediately recovered.
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But this problem only affected a relatively small number of trees.
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By 2000, huge numbers of eucalyptus were dying along Australia's east coast of a disease known as Bell Minor -associated dieback.
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The bell miner is a bird and the disease seems to be common where there are high populations of bell miners.
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Again, it's the leaves of the trees that are affected.
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What happens is that insects settle on the leaves and eat their way round them, destroying them as they go,
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and at the same time they secrete a solution which has sugar in it.
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Thank you.
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The bell miner birds really like this solution, and in order to get as much as possible,
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they keep away other creatures that might try to get it.
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So these birds and insects flourish at the expense of other species,
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and eventually so much damage is done to the leaves that the tree dies.
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But experts say that trees can start looking sick before any sign of bell minor -associated dieback.
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So it looks as if the problem might have another explanation.
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One possibility is that it's to do with the huge bushfires that we have in Australia.
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A theory proposed over 40 years ago by ecologist William Jackson is
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that the frequency of bushfires in a particular region affects the type of vegetation that grows there.
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If there are very frequent bushfires in a region, this encourages grass to grow afterwards,
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while if the bushfires are rather less frequent, this results in the growth of eucalyptus forests.
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So, why is this?
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Why do fairly frequent bushfires actually support the growth of eucalyptus?
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Well, one reason is that the fire stops the growth of other species which would consume water needed by eucalyptus trees. And there's another reason.
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If these other quick -growing species of bushes and plants are allowed to proliferate,
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they harm the eucalyptus in another way by affecting the composition of the soil and removing nutrients from it.
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So some bushfires are actually essential for the eucalyptus to survive,
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as long as they are not too frequent. In fact, there's evidence
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that Australia's indigenous people practised regular burning of bushland for thousands of years before the arrival of the Europeans.
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But since Europeans arrived on the continent, the number of bushfires has been strictly controlled.
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Now, scientists believe that this reduced frequency of bushfires to low levels has led to what's known as 'dry' rainforest,
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which seems an odd name as usually we associate tropical rainforest with wet conditions.
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And what's special about this type of rainforest?
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Well?
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Unlike tropical rainforest, which is a rich ecosystem, this type of ecosystem is usually a simple one.
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It has very thick, dense vegetation but not much variety of species.
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The vegetation provides lots of shade, so one species that does find it ideal is the bell -miner bird,
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which builds its nests in the undergrowth there.
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But again, that's not helpful for the eucalyptus tree.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección

Este vídeo tiene 63 frases y 818 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 7:53. El hablante habla despacio, unas 104 palabras por minuto, así que hay tiempo para imitar cada sonido. El 83 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.

Vocabulario clave de este vídeo

15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:

PalabraPronunciaciónSignificado
leaf sustantivo/lif/hoja, foja (desus.)
frequent adjetivo/ˈfɹiː.kwənt/frecuente
miner sustantivo/ˈmaɪnə(ɹ)/minero
associate sustantivo/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/asociado
vegetation sustantivo/ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/vegetación
frequency sustantivo/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/frecuencia
tropical adjetivo/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/tropical
lime sustantivo/laɪm/lima, limón
ecosystem sustantivo/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ecosistema
insect sustantivo/ˈɪn.sɛkt/insecto
carefully adverbio/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/cuidadosamente
thick adjetivo/θɪk/grueso, espeso
wash verbo/wɑʃ/lavar
encourage verbo/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/alentar, arengar
arrival sustantivo/əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/llegada, venida

Gramática en este vídeo

Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:

EstructuraEn el vídeo
Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hacebeing washed · was injected · are affected
Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosaname, which was · solution which has · rainforest, which is
Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahorahas been · has led

Pronunciación a tener en cuenta

El hablante usa 4 contracciones y formas reducidas, como I'm, wasn't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.

  • Los sonidos de “th”: thick /θɪk/, undergrowth /ˈʌndɚˌɡɹoʊθ/
  • Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/
  • Palabras largas — cuida el acento: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/

Cómo practicar con este vídeo

  1. Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
  2. Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
  3. Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como leaf, frequent, miner.

¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.

Técnica de shadowing: lee la guía completa paso a paso →