Pratique du Shadowing: "Great Inventors: Benjamin Franklin" by Adventure Academy - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
1
Good day, Benjamin!
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Why do you swim with pieces of wood attached to your wrists?
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I had hoped I might swim faster with them.
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Did you make them yourself?
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I did, yes.
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How interesting!
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And do they work?
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Yes, but they tire my wrists, so I shall work to improve their design.
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Live and learn, I say.
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You're awfully clever, Benjamin Franklin.
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Benjamin Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, co -writer of the United States Constitution,
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one of the most celebrated Americans the country has ever seen, and a master inventor as well.
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Besides the wooden swim fins he invented when he was just 11 years old, Benjamin Franklin also invented a wood -burning stove,
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a glass instrument, the lightning rod, and a new type of eyeglasses called bifocals.
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Franklin's inventions improved the lives of people around the world.
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One invention in particular saved countless lives.
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How did he do it?
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How did one person come up with the ideas for so many useful inventions?
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To find out, let's go back to the 18th century, when Benjamin Franklin was 40 years old.
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1746. The 13 American colonies are in the iron grip of King George II of England.
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It will be years before people hear about the Boston Tea Party, Paul Revere's midnight ride, or a Revolutionary War general by the name of George Washington.
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But they have heard of Benjamin Franklin.
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Born into the family of a soap and candle maker, Franklin didn't have much as a child,
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but he became one of America's most famous and successful citizens with his passion, knowledge, and unstoppable drive.
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One might say that Benjamin Franklin never met a problem he didn't want to solve, and in 1746, that problem was lightning.
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He observed that when lightning struck, it not only caused fires,
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but it could surge through buildings causing great injury and even death to the people inside.
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Franklin became fascinated by experiments that other scientists were doing with lightning and electricity.
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He decided to conduct experiments of his own, including one of the most famous experiments in all of history.
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He attached a metal wire and a key to a kite and flew it into a thunderstorm,
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proving once and for all that lightning is actually a form of electricity.
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Franklin then came up with the idea for an invention called a lightning rod.
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This pointed metal rod was attached to the top of a
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building with a wire running down the outside of the building to another pointed rod buried in the ground.
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When a building was struck by lightning, the wire would safely carry the electricity from the lightning into the ground,
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thus protecting the building and the people inside it.
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As Franklin himself wrote, May not this be of use to mankind in preserving houses,
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churches, ships, etc., from the stroke of lightning?
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Franklin never stopped inventing, even 40 years later at the age of 78.
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As he got older, his eyesight had gotten worse, and so he discovered another problem to solve.
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He found that he needed to keep switching back
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and forth between eyeglasses that helped him see far away and eyeglasses that helped him see close enough to read.
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Oh, I can take it no longer.
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This infernal switching shall drive me mad.
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So what did he do?
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He improved upon the work of inventors before him by sawing the lenses of both eyeglasses in half
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and attaching one to the top of the other.
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To see distant objects, he would look up through the top half of the lens.
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To see things close up, he would look down through the bottom half.
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Referring to his bifocals as double spectacles, Franklin wrote to his friend that he was, Happy in the invention of double spectacles,
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which serving for distant objects as well as near ones, make my eyes as useful to me as ever they were.
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Such was Franklin's ingenuity, his ability to create solutions to real everyday problems,
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that modern forms of swim fins and bifocals are widely in use today.
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and lightning rods continue to save lives all around the world.
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Did Franklin ever profit from any of his inventions?
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Not at all.
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He gave the plans for his inventions away, or free.
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As Franklin wrote, We should be glad of an opportunity to serve others by any invention of ours,
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and this we should do freely and generously.
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This was Benjamin Franklin and why he is still considered to be one of America's greatest inventors.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « "Great Inventors: Benjamin Franklin" by Adventure Academy ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Franklin, lightning, invention, Benjamin, rod. Cette vidéo contient 60 phrases et 746 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:17. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 141 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| lightning nom | /ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ | éclair, éloise |
| invention nom | /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/ | invention |
| eyeglass nom | /ˈaɪˌɡlæs/ | monocle |
| attach verbe | /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ | attacher |
| swim verbe | /swɪm/ | nager |
| bifocals nom | verres bifocaux, verres double foyer | |
| invent verbe | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | inventer |
| inventor nom | /ɪnˈvɛntɚ/ | inventeur, inventrice |
| spectacles nom | /ˈspɛktəkl̩z/ | lunettes, barniques |
| fin nom | /fɪn/ | nageoire |
| wrist nom | /ɹɪst/ | poignet |
| lens nom | /lɛnz/ | lentille |
| eyesight nom | /ˈaɪˌsaɪt/ | vue, vision |
| fascinate verbe | /ˈfæsɪneɪt/ | fasciner |
| infernal adjectif | /ɪnˈfɝnəl/ | infernal |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| come up with verbe | inventer, imaginer |
| find out verbe | découvrir, savoir |
| run down verbe | heurter |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | was attached · was struck · is still considered |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has ever seen · have heard |
| Passé continu was/were + -ing — une action en cours à un moment du passé | was lightning · were doing |
| Conseil avec « should » should + verbe — dire ce qu’il vaut mieux faire | should be · should do |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 3 contractions et formes réduites, comme didn't, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: ingenuity /ˌɪnd͡ʒəˈn(j)uːəti/, unstoppable /ʌnˈstɔ.pə.bəl/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, ingenuity /ˌɪnd͡ʒəˈn(j)uːəti/, surge /sɝd͡ʒ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: wrist /ɹɪst/, thunderstorm /ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/, bury /ˈbɛɹi/, freely /ˈfɹili/, grip /ˈɡɹɪp/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme lightning, invention, eyeglass.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.