Shadowing Practice: How Chinese EVs Won Brazil — And Left U.S. Automakers Behind - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
119 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
On the streets of Rio, it's not hard to find electric vehicles from China.
2
I've seen a lot of BYD cars on the streets, and many electric cars because of the price.
3
Everyone is getting on board.
4
There are a lot of Chinese cars on the streets.
5
Brazil is South America's largest auto market, and the country is quickly becoming the next frontier in China's EV expansion.
6
In 2024, Brazil imported around 138,000 EVs and hybrids from China.
7
That number is up nearly 100,000 from 2023.
8
The momentum in South America mirrors a global trend.
9
Chinese automakers have been shut out of the U.S by tariffs, so they're turning to emerging markets like Southeast Asia,
10
the Middle East, and Latin America to sell their oversupply of cars.
11
Chinese EV makers are facing a lot of pressure within China.
12
They are under a lot of pressure to find new customers and new markets.
13
And they've been going abroad in a very big way.
14
Some companies are already breaking ground on factories in the country.
15
I think Chinese influence has become very strong in vehicles.
16
And they're also investing in the country.
17
But officials say the influx of cars could come at a cost.
18
Like fewer jobs for Brazilian workers.
19
This is a worrying scenario for us Brazilian workers.
20
Because it could lead to a huge number of vehicles arriving from China, threatening our jobs and production in Brazil.
21
Chinese automaker BYD has also been criticized for alleged abusive labor conditions at one of its factories.
22
So why are Chinese automakers so interested in Brazil?
23
And does this flourishing trait actually come at a cost?
24
China's mix of government subsidies and technical capability has pushed it past the US,
25
Japan, and Germany to become the world's top auto exporter.
26
In 2024, China produced 31.2 million passenger cars, commercial vehicles and trucks.
27
That's compared with just 10.6 million made in the U.S.
28
But the country is producing more vehicles than its slowing economy can absorb.
29
They are not slowing down production at all of the plants in China, even though the economy in China has slowed down.
30
So as a result, they have excess supply.
31
They need to ship these vehicles somewhere.
32
And so they have expanded in what's known as the rest of the world.
33
Chinese car makers are just going to any market that will take them.
34
There's a lot of interest in emerging markets.
35
Brazil, which is part of the BRICS coalition with China, ranks as the world's sixth largest car market by volume.
36
It is particularly attractive to Chinese auto companies for its size and limited competition from other EV makers.
37
demand for Chinese EVs among Brazilians is strong.
38
In the first quarter of 2025, Chinese brands accounted for more than 80% of electric car sales.
39
At the same time, Brazil has rolled out policies to encourage sales of EVs and plug-in hybrids.
40
Starting in 2015, the country lowered its 35% EV import tariff to zero.
41
In 2024, tariffs were reintroduced and will reach 35% in July 2026.
42
By removing the tariffs, they sort of encouraged and signaled actually
43
that this was a market that Chinese automakers and other automakers were welcome to.
44
BYD has been the company that has been the most proactive.
45
We've seen the arrival of Chinese vehicles here in Brazil, a very large quantity.
46
This has expanded.
47
The demand for charging today is very high.
48
Even consumers weary of electric cars are drawn to Chinese EVs for their affordable price tags.
49
BYD sells its Dolphin Mini in Brazil for around 120,000 Ries.
50
That's around US$22,000 or over $7,000 less than General Motors' cheapest EV model sold in Brazil.
51
I chose the brand based on the price.
52
The electric car gives me dynamism.
53
I can charge it at home or I stop at the gas station.
54
So I think it gives me a feeling that I'm doing something better.
55
The Chinese have closed the quality gap with established automakers.
56
So for a local Brazilian, while the Chinese vehicle may not be as nice as the local Toyota vehicle for sale,
57
they will likely go for that Chinese vehicle if the payment fits their budget.
58
Brazil has long been a key South American outpost for U.S automakers.
59
Companies like Ford and General Motors have been building cars in the country for over a century.
60
But in recent years, it's come with challenges.
61
South America has always been a challenging market for automakers.
62
And not just the U.S automakers, but all automakers have struggled to make consistent profits in South America for a couple of reasons.
63
One is it is a market where the economies have really whipsawed.
64
They've had problems in terms of sustaining growth.
65
And if you can't sustain growth, it makes it really challenging in terms of one good year
66
one really tough year in 2021 ford shut down its brazilian
67
factory citing financial pressure in 2019 alone the company lost over
68
700 million dollars in south america shares of ford moving higher
69
as the company is announcing it is restructuring its operations in South America.
70
That will include shutting down a manufacturing plant in Brazil.
71
What has happened is that U.S automakers have felt the pinch in terms of profits
72
and increasingly they have had to protect their home market share and the profitability of North America,
73
which is really what drives the profits for U.S automakers.
74
And as they focus more on protecting profits here at home, they've said, OK, do we really need to protect our market share in a Chile,
75
in an Argentina or in a Brazil?
76
As other automakers have pulled back, Chinese companies have seized an opportunity.
77
Currently, at least four Chinese auto brands sell or manufacture in Brazil, including Great Wall Motor, Shiri, Zeker and GAC.
78
The most popular is auto giant BYD, which brought in $109 billion in revenue last year, which is a 29% growth year over year.
79
The company arrived in Brazil in 2015, making electric buses.
80
Then in 2023, it purchased the closed Ford factory with plans to produce EVs.
81
The plant covers 4.6 million square meters, about 645 soccer fields.
82
It's one of the biggest EV factories in Latin America, and the company says it will eventually produce 300,000 cars in a year.
83
The strategy really seems to be, you know, be the first company to start selling EVs in new markets.
84
Create the market, which in a way is what some of these carmakers did in China.
85
China's other large EV player, Great Wall Motor, has followed a similar trajectory in Brazil.
86
In 2021, the company purchased a shuttered Mercedes factory, which had closed due to a drop in sales after the pandemic.
87
In the first half of 2025, the company sold almost 16,000 vehicles in Brazil, almost 20% more than the same period last year.
88
Brazil is the largest automotive market in Latin America.
89
So if you want to sell in Brazil, there's a strong incentive to produce in Brazil.
90
Critics say that Chinese automakers are taking advantage of Brazil's temporarily low tariff by flooding the market with cars,
91
hurting the domestic auto market, and taking jobs.
92
There's a huge volume of production, and in this case, there's an overproduction that they need to export.
93
So the costs are very competitive,
94
beyond what Brazil or any other country with a similar footprint can compete with.
95
BYD has faced scrutiny from the public
96
and from regulators after workers at its newest factory were found in what investigators called slavery-like conditions.
97
For the construction of the factories, it's clear that they brought in Chinese workers, which was then the big controversy with BYD because Brazilian police found
98
that they were being treated unfairly and didn't meet labor standards.
99
BYD responded in a statement saying the company has zero tolerance for violations of human rights and labor laws,
100
and that it terminated its contract with the construction company.
101
A lawsuit from Brazilian prosecutors against BYD is ongoing.
102
CNBC reached out to BYD for an interview, but was unable to speak with them before this story aired.
103
Brazil's government is also under pressure to raise tariffs on Chinese auto imports.
104
Those tariffs are now being reintroduced.
105
It's on a schedule, so they'll hit 35% in 2026.
106
That was the result of, you know, domestic companies complaining that this was sort of unfair competition.
107
Meanwhile, there could be increasing competition in Brazil as some U.S brands have planned renewed investment in the country.
108
In 2024, General Motors announced that it was investing $1.4 billion in facilities and operations.
109
But for American automakers, they're still concerned that the rapid growth of Chinese brands in Brazil mirrors a global trend.
110
A couple of different reasons why this matters for Washington.
111
The first is that I think there's not necessarily a full recognition of the implications of China's expansion in the automotive sector.
112
Smaller markets that by themselves are not a big deal.
113
But you add a Chile with an Argentina, with an Australia, with an Israel, with a South Africa, little by little, all of that market share grows.
114
And that's what the Chinese have done.
115
For now, Brazil remains in the crossfire between two global superpowers in the EV revolution.
116
This may be a strategy that does not pay off, but it is also much more of a strategy of market creation and market acquisition rather than a strategy about profitability.
117
So it's very long term thinking.
118
So I think the jury's out on what's going to work out and what's not.
119
But it's for certain changing the markets on the ground in several emerging markets.
הורד אפליקציה
כל מה שאתה צריך כדי לדבר בשטף
הגיית AIציון לכל משפט
תרגול IPAשלוט בכל צליל
אוצר מיליםבנה את מאגר המילים שלך
משחק אוצר מיליםלמד תוך כדי משחק
אותו ערוץ
C11
Why Bonds Are Back On Investors’ Radar
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
How Cheap Mortgages Are Backfiring On Homeowners
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Watch AI Dock A Boat
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Why Retailers Are Shrinking Their Assortments
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C14
The Rise Of Open-Source Software
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B27
Why Diamond Prices Are Falling So Fast
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
The Race To Power AI Is Reshaping America's Electric Grid
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B25
Why Investors Are Living Through President Trump's Stock Market
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B22
Why 7-Eleven Failed In Indonesia
University Students
B21
Why Corporate America Is Spending More On Security
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B22
Inside Bracket22, A Trading Firm Powered By Al Agents
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B24
Why The Airline Business Is Broken
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Why Hyundai’s Investing $26B In The U.S.
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B22
Why Even High Earners Are Living Paycheck To Paycheck
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B24
How Walmart Is Beating Everyone In Groceries
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B25
Inside The Real Estate Rush Behind AI
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
How Working For Google, Amazon, And Microsoft Lost 'Dream Job' Status
Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
B27
How Walmart Is Hoping Its New Tech Will Help Shoppers And Employees
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
Why Airline Ticket Prices Are Unlikely To Go Down
Travel EnglishWorking Adults
B21
Where Did Americans’ Savings Go?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
המלץ על סרטון
B23
88 משפטים
How China Came To Dominate The Global EV Factory Boom
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
59 משפטים
THE BEST-SELLING CAR IN CHINA | New Geely ex2 2027
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
56 משפטים
Will Vietnam get old before it gets rich?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B27
44 משפטים
Why Chinese solar is powering Africa's energy boom
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
139 משפטים
HUGE UPDATE on F1's Biggest UPCOMING Driver Transfers Just Got ANNOUNCED!
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
68 משפטים
Why Amazon's Marketplace Failed In China
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
268 משפטים
Trump’s Canada Tariffs Are Backfiring in Red States | The Week
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
27 משפטים
China diversifies trade routes | Vietnam Today
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B26
26 משפטים
Việt Nam advances clean energy innovation | Vietnam Today
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
102 משפטים
Why China is winning the EV war
IELTS PrepBusiness EnglishUniversity Students
B22
92 משפטים
US Running Out of Emergency Oil - The SPR Hits 40-Year Low
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
65 משפטים
Top 4 Humanoid Robots Set to Dominate 2026 | The Future of AI & Robotics
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “How Chinese EVs Won Brazil — And Left U.S. Automakers Behind”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: Brazil, Chinese, automaker, vehicle, Byd. בסרטון הזה יש 119 משפטים ו-1584 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 10:46. הדובר שומר על קצב יציב של כ-147 מילים בדקה, קצב נוח לתרגול Shadowing. רק 81% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| tariff שם עצם | /ˈtæɹəf/ | תעריף |
| automobile שם עצם | /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/ | מְכוֹנִית |
| emerge פועל | /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ | צץ, התגלה |
| import שם עצם | /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ | ייבוא |
| hybrid שם עצם | /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/ | בֶּן תַּעֲרוֹבֶת |
| crossfire שם עצם | /ˈkɹɔːsfaɪɹ/ | אֵשׁ צוֹלֶבֶת |
| outpost שם עצם | /ˈaʊtˌpoʊst/ | מוצב חוץ |
| shutter שם עצם | /ˈʃʌtəː/ | תְּרִיס |
| superpower שם עצם | מַעֲצָמָה | |
| footprint שם עצם | /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ | עָקֵב, טְבִיעַת רֶגֶל |
| subsidy שם עצם | /ˈsʌbsɪdi/ | תמיכה כספית |
| weary שם תואר | /ˈwɪɚi/ | יָגֵעַ |
| trajectory שם עצם | /tɹəˈd͡ʒɛktəɹi/ | מַסְלוּל |
| criticize פועל | /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/ | ביקר |
| terminate פועל | /ˈtɝmɪneɪ̯t/ | סיים |
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | I've seen · have been shut · has become |
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | have been shut · been criticized · were reintroduced |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | Brazil, which is · year, which is · workers, which was |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-12 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו they're, they've, can't. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: shutter /ˈʃʌtəː/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, violation /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: automobile /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/, profitability /ˌpɹɑ.fɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, automotive /ˌɔtəˈmoʊtɪv/, dynamism /ˈdaɪ.nəˌmɪzəm/, oversupply /əʊvəsəˈplʌɪ/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: weary /ˈwɪɚi/, quantity /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: tariff /ˈtæɹəf/, proactive /pɹoʊˈæk.tɪv/, absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: tariff /ˈtæɹəf/, import /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/, profitability /ˌpɹɑ.fɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, hybrid /ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/, crossfire /ˈkɹɔːsfaɪɹ/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט במהירות רגילה, וחזרו על כל משפט עד שהקצב שלכם תואם את הדובר.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו tariff, automobile, emerge.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.