शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Cambridge IELTS 10. Test 1. Listening Section 3 - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
हर मोड पूरी स्क्रीन का अभ्यास कक्ष खोलता है।
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1
Section 3.
2
You will hear a student called John talking to a professor about a design competition he is entering.
3
First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 25.
4
Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 25.
5
Um, hello Professor.
6
I'm John Wishart.
7
I'm working on my entry for the Global Design Competition.
8
My tutor said you might be able to help me with it.
9
Ah yes, I got a copy of your drawings.
10
Come in and tell me about it.
11
What sort of competition is it?
12
Well, it's an international design competition and we have to come up with a new design for a typical domestic kitchen appliance.
13
I see.
14
And are there any special conditions?
15
Does it have to save energy, for example?
16
Actually, that was the focus in last year's competition.
17
This year's different.
18
We have to adopt an innovative approach to existing technology, using it in a way that hasn't been thought of before.
19
I see.
20
That sounds tricky.
21
And what kitchen appliance have you chosen?
22
Well, I decided to choose the dishwasher.
23
Interesting.
24
What made you choose that?
25
Well, they're an everyday kitchen appliance in most Australian houses, but they're all pretty boring and almost identical to each other.
26
I think some people will be prepared to pay a little extra for something that looks different.
27
That's a nice idea.
28
I see you've called your design the rock pool.
29
Why is that?
30
Basically because it looks like the rock pools you find on a beach.
31
The top is made of glass so that you can look down into it.
32
And there's a stone at the bottom.
33
Is that just for decoration?
34
Actually, it does have a function.
35
Instead of pushing a button, you turn the stone.
36
So it's really just a novel way of starting the dishwasher.
37
That's right.
38
It's a really nice design.
39
but what makes it innovative?
40
Well, I decided to make a dishwasher that uses carbon dioxide.
41
In place of water and detergent?
42
How will you manage that?
43
The idea is to pressurise the carbon dioxide so that it becomes a liquid.
44
The fluid is then released into the dishwasher where it cleans the dishes all by itself.
45
Sounds like a brilliant idea.
46
Your system will totally do away with the need for strong detergents.
47
So what happens once the dishes are clean? are clean?
48
Well, to allow them to dry, the liquid carbon dioxide and the waste materials all go to an area called the holding chamber.
49
That's where the liquid is depressurised and so it reverts to a gas.
50
Then the oil and grease are separated out and sent to the waste system.
51
It sounds like you've thought it all out very thoroughly.
52
So what happens to the carbon dioxide once the process is complete?
53
Not wasted, I hope.
54
Actually, that's where the real savings are made.
55
The carbon dioxide is sent back to the cylinder and can be used again and again.
56
What a terrific idea!
57
Do you think it will ever be built?
58
Probably not, but that's OK.
59
I'm sure a lot of positive things will come out of your design.
60
Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 26 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 26 to 30.
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Now you seem to have thought about everything, so what exactly did you need me to help you with?
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Well, my design has made it to the final stage of the competition
64
and in a few months' time I have to give a presentation.
65
And that's the part I was hoping you could help me with.
66
Right, well that should be easy enough.
67
What have you managed to do so far?
68
Well, I've got detailed drawings to show how it will work and I've also written a five hundred word paper on it.
69
I see.
70
Well, if you want to stand a good chance of winning, you really need a model of the machine.
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Yes, I thought I might, but I'm having a few problems.
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What's the main difficulty so far?
73
Ah, let me guess, is it the materials?
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Yes.
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I want it to look professional, but everything that's top quality is also very expensive.
76
Look, projects like this are very important to us.
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They really help lift our profile.
78
So why don't you talk to the university about a grant?
79
Oh.
80
I can help you fill out the application forms if you like.
81
Oh, that would be great.
82
You'd better show me this paper you've written as well.
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For a global competition such as this, you need to make sure the technical details you've given are accurate and thorough.
84
Oh, that would be a great help.
85
Is there anything else I can do?
86
Well, I'm really nervous.
87
That is the end of section three.
88
You now have half a minute to check your answers.
89
Now turn to section 4.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह B2 स्तर का स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “Cambridge IELTS 10. Test 1. Listening Section 3” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: design, competition, dioxide, carbon, dishwasher। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 89 वाक्य और 814 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 6:25 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 127 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्थिर गति से बोलता है, जो शैडोइंग के लिए आरामदायक है। 87% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं, इसलिए शब्दावली आसान है। इसके 89 वाक्यों में से 20 प्रश्न हैं, इसलिए यह प्रश्नों के लहजे और छोटे जवाबों के अभ्यास के लिए अच्छा है।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 9 सबसे कठिन शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| dishwasher संज्ञा | /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/ | पात्र प्रक्षालक, डिशवाशर |
| appliance संज्ञा | /əˈplaɪ.əns/ | उपकरण |
| detergent संज्ञा | /dɪˈtɜːd͡ʒənt/ | अपमार्जक |
| innovative विशेषण | /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/ | नाविन्य |
| tutor संज्ञा | /ˈtjuːtəː/ | शिक्षक, शिक्षिका |
| grease संज्ञा | /ɡɹis/ | चरबी |
| decoration संज्ञा | /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ | अलंकार, सजावट |
| thorough विशेषण | /ˈθʌɹoʊ/ | विस्तृत |
| cylinder संज्ञा | /ˈsɪləndɚ/ | सिलिंडर |
वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| fill out क्रिया | /fɪl ˈaʊt/ | भरना |
दोहराने लायक वाक्य
वीडियो के छोटे, पूरे वाक्य जिन्हें आप रोज़ की बातचीत में इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:
- What made you choose that?
- How will you manage that?
- Do you think it will ever be built?
- What have you managed to do so far?
- Ah, let me guess, is it the materials?
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | hasn't been thought · you've called · you've thought |
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | been thought · is made · is then released |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 16 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे I'm, you've, I've। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “th” की ध्वनियाँ: thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/, pressurize /ˈpɹɛʃəɹaɪz/, decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/, decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/, innovative /ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/, revert /ɹɪˈvɝt/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर dishwasher, appliance, detergent जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।