Pratica di Shadowing: Cambridge 19 listening test 3 section 3 - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
Creazione lezione...
1
Hi Jake, how are you getting on with the practical teaching?
2
It's harder than I expected, but I've got some great classes.
3
How about you?
4
Not brilliant.
5
I'm really struggling with my Year 12 science class.
6
Are they hard to control?
7
Well, I don't have discipline problems as such.
8
It's just that they don't seem to think that science has anything to do with their lives.
9
It's depressing.
10
They listen to what I say and I gave them a test last week and the results weren't too bad.
11
But there's no real engagement.
12
Right.
13
And as part of my teaching practice, I have to design an experiment for them to do.
14
I was wondering about something on the children's diets, you know, asking them to record what they eat and maybe linking it to their state of health.
15
Hmm, let's think.
16
So your methodology would involve the children recording what they eat, OK, but you'd also need to have access to the children's medical records,
17
and I don't think people would be happy about that.
18
Confidentiality would be an issue.
19
If you could get the right data, the conclusions might be significant, but I suspect it's not going to be easy.
20
Right.
21
Have you thought about doing an experiment using animals?
22
Wouldn't that be upsetting for the children?
23
Well, the animals don't have to be harmed in any way.
24
It could just be an experiment where they're given a certain diet and the effects are observed.
25
Would I have to get permission to use animals?
26
Yes, you'd have to submit an outline of the experiment and fill in a form, but it's quite straightforward.
27
But if we found out that, say, a particular diet affects the health of animals, the same thing wouldn't necessarily be true for people, would it?
28
No, that's true.
29
But the findings for any experiment are going to be limited.
30
It's inevitable.
31
I suppose so.
32
So what animals could I use to investigate the effects of diet?
33
Mice?
34
Yes, you'd need experimental mice, ones that have been specially bred for experiments.
35
OK, so what will your experiment be investigating exactly?
36
Well, something to do with nutrition.
37
So maybe we could look at food supplements, things like extra iron and extra protein, and their impact on health.
38
That might be rather broad.
39
Maybe just look at the effects of one supplement, like sugar, on the health of the mice?
40
In fact, maybe the focus could be on whether mice can control their own diet.
41
So what happens when they have access to more sugar that they don't really need?
42
Exactly.
43
Do they eat it or do they decide to leave it?
44
Great.
45
Then later on you could do a follow-up experiment adding another variable, like you could give some of the mice the chance to be more active,
46
running on a wheel or something, and the others just sit around and don't do much.
47
Or I could repeat the experiment but change the type of food I provided, or use mice with a different genetic structure.
48
But I think your idea would be more interesting.
49
I might think about that some more.
50
So, can I talk through a possible procedure for the experiment where mice are given a sugar supplement?
51
Sure.
52
I did a similar experiment in college, actually.
53
Great.
54
So, how many mice would I need?
55
I'd say about 12, and all young ones, not a mixture of old and young.
56
Okay.
57
And I'd need two groups of equal sizes, so six in each group.
58
And how would I tell
59
I suppose I could put some sort of tag on one group or just mark them in some way.
60
You could use food colouring.
61
That wouldn't hurt them.
62
Perfect.
63
Then each group would go into a separate cage and one group, let's call them group A, would be the control group.
64
So they'd just have ordinary mouse food.
65
I suppose you can buy that?
66
Yes, it comes in dry pellets.
67
And the other group would have the same as the first group, but they'd also have the extra sugar.
68
Would you just give them straight sugar?
69
It might be better to give them something like cereal with it.
70
Then you'd need to weigh the mice, I should think, once a week.
71
And you'd need an electronic balance.
72
But we can't hold them on the balance, or it'd affect the reading.
73
Exactly.
74
So you need something called a weighing chamber to stop the mice from running away.
75
It sounds complicated, but actually you can just use a plastic box with holes in the top.
76
OK.
77
So once we've measured the weight gain of each mouse, we can work out the average for each group, as well as the standard deviation,
78
and then see where we go from there.
79
That sounds cool.
80
I think the students will enjoy it.
81
Yes.
82
One thing you must remember...
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 82 frasi e 816 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 5:10. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 158 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 85% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| mouse sostantivo | /maʊs/ | topo, sorcio |
| experiment sostantivo | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | esperimento |
| supplement sostantivo | /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/ | integrazione, supplemento |
| investigate verbo | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/ | investigare, indagare |
| weigh verbo | /weɪ/ | pesare |
| necessarily avverbio | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | necessariamente, a tutti i costi |
| practical aggettivo | /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ | pratico |
| chamber sostantivo | /ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/ | camera |
| complicated aggettivo | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | complicato, intricato |
| harm sostantivo | /hɑːm/ | danno, male |
| procedure sostantivo | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | procedura, iter |
| ordinary aggettivo | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | ordinario, ordinaria |
| conclusion sostantivo | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | conclusione |
| genetic aggettivo | /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/ | genetico |
| engagement sostantivo | /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ | impegno |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | scoprire |
| run away verbo | scappare, fuggire |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | be harmed · are observed · be limited |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | have been · we've measured |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 25 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, you'd, wouldn't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, specially /ˈspɛʃəli/, deviation /ˌdiː.viˈeɪʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come mouse, experiment, supplement.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.