Практика Shadowing: Cambridge 19 listening test 3 section 3 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
1
Hi Jake, how are you getting on with the practical teaching?
2
It's harder than I expected, but I've got some great classes.
3
How about you?
4
Not brilliant.
5
I'm really struggling with my Year 12 science class.
6
Are they hard to control?
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Well, I don't have discipline problems as such.
8
It's just that they don't seem to think that science has anything to do with their lives.
9
It's depressing.
10
They listen to what I say and I gave them a test last week and the results weren't too bad.
11
But there's no real engagement.
12
Right.
13
And as part of my teaching practice, I have to design an experiment for them to do.
14
I was wondering about something on the children's diets, you know, asking them to record what they eat and maybe linking it to their state of health.
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Hmm, let's think.
16
So your methodology would involve the children recording what they eat, OK, but you'd also need to have access to the children's medical records,
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and I don't think people would be happy about that.
18
Confidentiality would be an issue.
19
If you could get the right data, the conclusions might be significant, but I suspect it's not going to be easy.
20
Right.
21
Have you thought about doing an experiment using animals?
22
Wouldn't that be upsetting for the children?
23
Well, the animals don't have to be harmed in any way.
24
It could just be an experiment where they're given a certain diet and the effects are observed.
25
Would I have to get permission to use animals?
26
Yes, you'd have to submit an outline of the experiment and fill in a form, but it's quite straightforward.
27
But if we found out that, say, a particular diet affects the health of animals, the same thing wouldn't necessarily be true for people, would it?
28
No, that's true.
29
But the findings for any experiment are going to be limited.
30
It's inevitable.
31
I suppose so.
32
So what animals could I use to investigate the effects of diet?
33
Mice?
34
Yes, you'd need experimental mice, ones that have been specially bred for experiments.
35
OK, so what will your experiment be investigating exactly?
36
Well, something to do with nutrition.
37
So maybe we could look at food supplements, things like extra iron and extra protein, and their impact on health.
38
That might be rather broad.
39
Maybe just look at the effects of one supplement, like sugar, on the health of the mice?
40
In fact, maybe the focus could be on whether mice can control their own diet.
41
So what happens when they have access to more sugar that they don't really need?
42
Exactly.
43
Do they eat it or do they decide to leave it?
44
Great.
45
Then later on you could do a follow-up experiment adding another variable, like you could give some of the mice the chance to be more active,
46
running on a wheel or something, and the others just sit around and don't do much.
47
Or I could repeat the experiment but change the type of food I provided, or use mice with a different genetic structure.
48
But I think your idea would be more interesting.
49
I might think about that some more.
50
So, can I talk through a possible procedure for the experiment where mice are given a sugar supplement?
51
Sure.
52
I did a similar experiment in college, actually.
53
Great.
54
So, how many mice would I need?
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I'd say about 12, and all young ones, not a mixture of old and young.
56
Okay.
57
And I'd need two groups of equal sizes, so six in each group.
58
And how would I tell
59
I suppose I could put some sort of tag on one group or just mark them in some way.
60
You could use food colouring.
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That wouldn't hurt them.
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Perfect.
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Then each group would go into a separate cage and one group, let's call them group A, would be the control group.
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So they'd just have ordinary mouse food.
65
I suppose you can buy that?
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Yes, it comes in dry pellets.
67
And the other group would have the same as the first group, but they'd also have the extra sugar.
68
Would you just give them straight sugar?
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It might be better to give them something like cereal with it.
70
Then you'd need to weigh the mice, I should think, once a week.
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And you'd need an electronic balance.
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But we can't hold them on the balance, or it'd affect the reading.
73
Exactly.
74
So you need something called a weighing chamber to stop the mice from running away.
75
It sounds complicated, but actually you can just use a plastic box with holes in the top.
76
OK.
77
So once we've measured the weight gain of each mouse, we can work out the average for each group, as well as the standard deviation,
78
and then see where we go from there.
79
That sounds cool.
80
I think the students will enjoy it.
81
Yes.
82
One thing you must remember...
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 82 предложений и 816 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 5:10. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 158 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 85% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| mouse существительное | /maʊs/ | мышь, мы́шка |
| experiment существительное | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | экспериме́нт, о́пыт |
| supplement существительное | /ˈsʌp.lɪ.mənt/ | приложе́ние |
| investigate глагол | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/ | иссле́довать, рассле́довать |
| weigh глагол | /weɪ/ | взве́шивать, взве́сить |
| necessarily наречие | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | обяза́тельно |
| practical прилагательное | /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/ | практи́ческий |
| chamber существительное | /ˈt͡ʃeɪ̯mbɚ/ | ко́мната |
| complicated прилагательное | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | сло́жный, запу́танный |
| harm существительное | /hɑːm/ | вред, уще́рб |
| procedure существительное | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | процеду́ра, ме́тод |
| ordinary прилагательное | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | обыкнове́нный, обы́чный |
| conclusion существительное | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | оконча́ние, заверше́ние |
| genetic прилагательное | /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/ | генети́ческий |
| engagement существительное | /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ | ангажеме́нт |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| find out глагол | узнава́ть, узна́ть | |
| get on with глагол | приступа́ть, продолжа́ть | |
| run away глагол | сматываться, убега́ть | |
| talk through глагол | объяснять | |
| work out глагол | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | рассчи́тывать, рассчита́ть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | be harmed · are observed · be limited |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | have been · we've measured |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 25 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, you'd, wouldn't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, specially /ˈspɛʃəli/, deviation /ˌdiː.viˈeɪʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как mouse, experiment, supplement.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.