シャドーイング練習: RE2 Unit 9B - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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32 文
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Track 18.
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Reading 9b.
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Seeing Double.
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Many scientists once believed that physical similarities between identical twins are genetic,
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while their personalities, intelligence, and other differences between them are an effect of their environment.
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But scientists are now discovering that the boundaries between genetics and environment are not so clear after all.
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The Jim twins.
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Identical twins, Jim Springer and Jim Lewis, were adopted as babies and raised by different couples.
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When the two Jims finally met at age 39, they discovered they had plenty in common.
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Both were 182 centimeters tall and weighed 82 kilograms.
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They had the same smile and the same voice.
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When psychologist Thomas Bouchard Jr. invited the gym twins to his lab, his colleagues found it very hard to tell them apart.
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But the similarities didn't stop at the physical.
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They had both had dogs named Toy.
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They had both married women named Linda and then divorced them.
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They had both been sheriffs, enjoyed making things with wood,
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suffered severe headaches, and admitted to leaving love notes around the house for their wives.
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They had so much in common that it seemed unlikely these were just coincidences.
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Genetics and Intelligence The Jim twins were just one of 137 sets of separated twins Bouchard tested.
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When they compared the twins' IQ scores, Bouchard and his team reached a surprising conclusion.
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They concluded that intelligence was mostly connected to genetics rather than to training or education.
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It seemed the differences in family and environment had little effect.
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However, genes can't control everything, argues geneticist Danielle Reed, who also studies twins.
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Reed's research shows that though nothing can truly change our DNA,
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environmental differences that a child experiences before birth and in their first year can sometimes affect the way the DNA behaves.
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This can make even identical twins into vastly different people.
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What I like to say is that
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Mother Nature writes some things in pencil and some things in pen.
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She explains, things
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Things written in pen you can't change.
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That's DNA.
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But things written in pencil you can.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：twins, Jim, genetic, Bouchard, identical。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が32文、単語が337語あります。 音声の長さは2:54です。 話す速さは1分あたり約116語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は79%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
twin 名詞/twɪn/双子
identical 形容詞/ɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/同一の, そっくりの
genetics 名詞/dʒəˈnɛt.ɪks/遺伝学
discover 動詞/dɪˈskʌvə/発見する, 見つける
scientist 名詞/ˈsaɪəntəst/科学者
pencil 名詞/ˈpɛnsəl/鉛筆
similarity 名詞/ˌsɪm.ɪˈlæɹ.ɪ.ti/類似, 類似性
argue 動詞/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/議論する, 論ずる
compare 動詞/kəmˈpɛɚ/比べる, 比較する
suffer 動詞/ˈsʌfɚ/被る
conclusion 名詞/kənˈkluːʒən/終わり, 結び
connect 動詞/kəˈnɛkt/繋げる
divorce 名詞/dɪˈvɔːs/離婚
gene 名詞/d͡ʒiːn/遺伝子
genetic 形容詞/d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/遺伝的

注意したい発音

話し手はcan't, didn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を3回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, sheriff /ˈʃɛɹɪf/
  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: similarity /ˌsɪm.ɪˈlæɹ.ɪ.ti/, coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, geneticist /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪ.sɪst/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: similarity /ˌsɪm.ɪˈlæɹ.ɪ.ti/, kilogram /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/
  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, divorce /dɪˈvɔːs/, invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/, vastly /ˈvæstli/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/, sheriff /ˈʃɛɹɪf/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。twin, identical, geneticsなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →