シャドーイング練習: RE2 Unit 9A - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Track 17 Reading 9A The Teenage Brain Parents,
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teachers, and anyone who regularly deals with teenagers knows how difficult the adolescent years can be.
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Adolescents have always been known to do wild, even dangerous things.
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This was thought to be due to the foolishness of youth.
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Now, brain imaging technology allows scientists to study the physical development of the brain in more detail than ever before.
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Their discoveries have led to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.
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A work in progress.
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Recently, scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are far from fully developed.
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Only during adolescence do our brains truly grow up.
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During this time, they go through great changes, like a computer system being upgraded.
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This upgrade was once thought to be finished by about age 12.
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Now, scientists have concluded that our brains continue to change until age 25.
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Such changes make us better at balancing our impulses with the need to follow rules.
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However, a still -developing brain does this clumsily.
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The result, scientists claim, is the unpredictable behaviour seen in teenagers.
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Pleasure seekers The studies confirm that teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme ways.
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Fortunately, the news isn't all negative.
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As brain scientist BJ Casey points out, the teen brain inspires such behaviour in order to help teenagers prepare for adult life.
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One way the brain does this is by changing the way teens measure risk and reward.
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Researchers found that when teens think about rewards, their brains release more of the chemicals that create pleasure than an adult brain would.
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Researchers believe this makes the rewards seem more important than the risks
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and makes teens feel the excitement of new experiences more keenly than adults do.
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Research into the structure of the teen brain also found that it makes social connections seem especially rewarding.
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As such, teens have an intense need to meet new people.
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Scientists suggest this is because as teens, we begin to realize that our peers may one day control the world we live in.
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Because it is still developing, the teen brain can change to deal with new situations.
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It therefore connects social rewards with even more pleasure.
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In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends, which is believed to make us more successful in life.
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Unfortunately, this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teens to make bad decisions.
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However, it also means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent.
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The scientists' findings suggest that in the long run,
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the impulses of the teen brain are what help teens leave their parents' care and live their own lives successfully.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：brain, teen, scientist, reward, teenagers。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が32文、単語が463語あります。 音声の長さは3:30です。 話す速さは1分あたり約132語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の84%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
scientist 名詞/ˈsaɪəntəst/科学者
reward 名詞/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/見返り, 賞
teenager 名詞/ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/ティーネージャー, ティーンエイジャー
researcher 名詞/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/研究員, 研究者
impulse 名詞/ˈɪmpʌls/衝動, 衝撃
adolescent 名詞/ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/青春, 少年
discovery 名詞/dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/発見
encourage 動詞/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/勇気付ける, 奨励する
confirm 動詞/kənˈfɝm/確認する
discover 動詞/dɪˈskʌvə/発見する, 見つける
intense 形容詞/ɪnˈtɛns/激しい
connect 動詞/kəˈnɛkt/繋げる
peer 名詞/pɪɹ/同輩
behave 動詞/bɪˈheɪv/振る舞う, 行動する
fortunately 副詞/ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/幸運にも

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語意味
grow up 動詞成長する, 大人に成る
point out 動詞指す, 指し示す

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるbeen known · was thought · being upgraded
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhave always been known · have led · have concluded
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加えるanyone who regularly · friends, which is

注意したい発音

  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, fortunately /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/, adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, confirm /kənˈfɝm/, fortunately /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/, foolishness /ˈfuːlɪʃnəs/
  • 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/, upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/, impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/, adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。scientist, reward, teenagerなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →