跟读练习: RE2 Unit 9A - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Track 17 Reading 9A The Teenage Brain Parents,

teachers, and anyone who regularly deals with teenagers knows how difficult the adolescent years can be.

Adolescents have always been known to do wild, even dangerous things.

This was thought to be due to the foolishness of youth.

Now, brain imaging technology allows scientists to study the physical development of the brain in more detail than ever before.

Their discoveries have led to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.

A work in progress.

Recently, scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are far from fully developed.

Only during adolescence do our brains truly grow up.

During this time, they go through great changes, like a computer system being upgraded.

This upgrade was once thought to be finished by about age 12.

Now, scientists have concluded that our brains continue to change until age 25.

Such changes make us better at balancing our impulses with the need to follow rules.

However, a still -developing brain does this clumsily.

The result, scientists claim, is the unpredictable behaviour seen in teenagers.

Pleasure seekers The studies confirm that teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme ways.

Fortunately, the news isn't all negative.

As brain scientist BJ Casey points out, the teen brain inspires such behaviour in order to help teenagers prepare for adult life.

One way the brain does this is by changing the way teens measure risk and reward.

Researchers found that when teens think about rewards, their brains release more of the chemicals that create pleasure than an adult brain would.

Researchers believe this makes the rewards seem more important than the risks

and makes teens feel the excitement of new experiences more keenly than adults do.

Research into the structure of the teen brain also found that it makes social connections seem especially rewarding.

As such, teens have an intense need to meet new people.

Scientists suggest this is because as teens, we begin to realize that our peers may one day control the world we live in.

Because it is still developing, the teen brain can change to deal with new situations.

It therefore connects social rewards with even more pleasure.

In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends, which is believed to make us more successful in life.

Unfortunately, this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teens to make bad decisions.

However, it also means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent.

The scientists' findings suggest that in the long run,

the impulses of the teen brain are what help teens leave their parents' care and live their own lives successfully.

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RE3 Unit 4A

Daily ConversationUniversity Students

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本课的词汇与口语要点

视频中反复出现的词有：brain, teen, scientist, reward, teenagers。这段视频共有 32 个句子、463 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 3:30。说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 132 个词，很适合跟读。 84% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
scientist 名词	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	科學家 /科学家
reward 名词	/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/	報酬 /报酬, 獎勵 /奖励
teenager 名词	/ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/	少年, 青少年
researcher 名词	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	研究員 /研究员, 研究者
impulse 名词	/ˈɪmpʌls/	衝動 /冲动, 意氣 /意气
adolescent 名词	/ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/	青少年, 少年
discovery 名词	/dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/	發現 /发现
encourage 动词	/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/	鼓勵 /鼓励, 激勵 /激励
confirm 动词	/kənˈfɝm/	證實 /证实, 確認 /确认
discover 动词	/dɪˈskʌvə/	發現 /发现, 發覺 /发觉
connect 动词	/kəˈnɛkt/	連接 /连接
excitement 名词	/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/	興奮 /兴奋, 激動 /激动
peer 名词	/pɪɹ/	同輩 /同辈, 同齡人 /同龄人
behave 动词	/bɪˈheɪv/	為人 /为人
inspire 动词	/ɪnˈspaɪə(ɹ)/	授意, 鼓舞

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
go through 动词	通過 /通过
grow up 动词	長大 /长大
point out 动词	指, 指出

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	been known · was thought · being upgraded
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	have always been known · have led · have concluded
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物	anyone who regularly · friends, which is

需要注意的发音

长单词——注意重音位置: adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, fortunately /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/, adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/, upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/, impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/, adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/
/æ/ — 嘴张大，不要读成 /e/: adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/, adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 scientist, reward, teenager 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

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