跟讀練習: RE2 Unit 9A - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Track 17 Reading 9A The Teenage Brain Parents,

teachers, and anyone who regularly deals with teenagers knows how difficult the adolescent years can be.

Adolescents have always been known to do wild, even dangerous things.

This was thought to be due to the foolishness of youth.

Now, brain imaging technology allows scientists to study the physical development of the brain in more detail than ever before.

Their discoveries have led to a new theory of why teens act the way they do.

A work in progress.

Recently, scientists discovered that though our brains are almost at their full size by the age of six, they are far from fully developed.

Only during adolescence do our brains truly grow up.

During this time, they go through great changes, like a computer system being upgraded.

This upgrade was once thought to be finished by about age 12.

Now, scientists have concluded that our brains continue to change until age 25.

Such changes make us better at balancing our impulses with the need to follow rules.

However, a still -developing brain does this clumsily.

The result, scientists claim, is the unpredictable behaviour seen in teenagers.

Pleasure seekers The studies confirm that teens are more likely to take risks and behave in extreme ways.

Fortunately, the news isn't all negative.

As brain scientist BJ Casey points out, the teen brain inspires such behaviour in order to help teenagers prepare for adult life.

One way the brain does this is by changing the way teens measure risk and reward.

Researchers found that when teens think about rewards, their brains release more of the chemicals that create pleasure than an adult brain would.

Researchers believe this makes the rewards seem more important than the risks

and makes teens feel the excitement of new experiences more keenly than adults do.

Research into the structure of the teen brain also found that it makes social connections seem especially rewarding.

As such, teens have an intense need to meet new people.

Scientists suggest this is because as teens, we begin to realize that our peers may one day control the world we live in.

Because it is still developing, the teen brain can change to deal with new situations.

It therefore connects social rewards with even more pleasure.

In this way, the brain encourages teens to have a wide circle of friends, which is believed to make us more successful in life.

Unfortunately, this hunt for greater rewards can sometimes lead teens to make bad decisions.

However, it also means that teens are more likely, and less afraid, to try new things or to be independent.

The scientists' findings suggest that in the long run,

the impulses of the teen brain are what help teens leave their parents' care and live their own lives successfully.

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RE3 Unit 4A

Daily ConversationUniversity Students

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

影片中反覆出現的詞有：brain, teen, scientist, reward, teenagers。這段影片共有 32 個句子、463 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 3:30。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 132 個詞，很適合跟讀。 84% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
scientist 名詞	/ˈsaɪəntəst/	科學家 /科學家
reward 名詞	/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/	報酬 /報酬, 獎勵 /獎勵
teenager 名詞	/ˈtiːnˌeɪ̯d͡ʒə/	少年, 青少年
researcher 名詞	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	研究員 /研究員, 研究者
impulse 名詞	/ˈɪmpʌls/	衝動 /衝動, 意氣 /意氣
adolescent 名詞	/ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/	青少年, 少年
discovery 名詞	/dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/	發現 /發現
encourage 動詞	/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/	鼓勵 /鼓勵, 激勵 /激勵
confirm 動詞	/kənˈfɝm/	證實 /證實, 確認 /確認
discover 動詞	/dɪˈskʌvə/	發現 /發現, 發覺 /發覺
connect 動詞	/kəˈnɛkt/	連線 /連線
excitement 名詞	/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/	興奮 /興奮, 激動 /激動
peer 名詞	/pɪɹ/	同輩 /同輩, 同齡人 /同齡人
behave 動詞	/bɪˈheɪv/	為人 /為人
inspire 動詞	/ɪnˈspaɪə(ɹ)/	授意, 鼓舞

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
go through 動詞	通過 /通過
grow up 動詞	長大 /長大
point out 動詞	指, 指出

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	been known · was thought · being upgraded
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	have always been known · have led · have concluded
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	anyone who regularly · friends, which is

需要注意的發音

長單詞——注意重音位置: adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, fortunately /ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/, adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: discovery /dɪˈskʌv.ɹi/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/, behave /bɪˈheɪv/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/, upgrade /əpˈɡɹeɪd/, impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/, adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/
/æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: adolescent /ˌæd.əˈlɛs.ənt/, adolescence /ˌædəˈlɛsəns/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 scientist, reward, teenager 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: RE2 Unit 9A - 通過影片學習英語口語

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