쉐도잉 연습: Vol 3 - test 2 - section 4 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
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Now turn to section 4 on page 7.
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Section 4.
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You will hear a university professor giving a lecture on the influence of children on the adult diet.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40 on pages 7 and 8.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Today we continue with our series of lectures on diet and society in the 21st century.
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We are all aware of the obesity epidemic facing our society.
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The reasons for this are well documented and are mainly due to poor eating habits coupled with too little exercise.
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In fact, a national health and nutrition survey here in the U.S concluded
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that the average total food intake increased considerably between the years 1971 and 2000.
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This appears to be a general trend across most age groups.
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In fact, apart from the over-sixties,
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all areas of American society are consistently above the dietary guidelines for caloric intake and saturated fat.
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However, total fat consumption is highest for teenagers, and there is a clear correlation with fast food consumption.
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Among the wide range of factors influencing an individual's dietary choices, one of the strongest influences is the home.
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It will come as no surprise that within a family the fat intakes of husbands
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and wives and parents and children who cohabit are remarkably similar.
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Many people assume that this relationship indicates the influence of parents on their children
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but we wanted to ask if children influence poor diets in adults.
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This hypothesis had not been tested in a national sample until now.
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In our study, we focused only on adults, and we set our lower age limit at 17 and the upper one at 65.
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The key variable was the presence or absence of children, so we identified only those adults whose children were under 17.
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Other variables included the age of the adult, level of education they had reached, their ethnic background, their income, and foreign-born status.
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To obtain our data, first we conducted interviews in the respondents' own homes,
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and all in all we interviewed 6,600 adults aged over 17.
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Then we invited them to mobile examination centers where surveys were conducted.
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From this information, we were able to focus not only on the total fat intake, but also on the person's total caloric consumption.
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Our results show that the presence of children led to significantly higher levels of both fat consumption and saturated fat in adults.
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We found on average
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that adults with children in the home ate 4.9 grams per day of fat more than adults without children.
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This result is consistent irrespective of race, gender or age.
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The foods more commonly were convenience items high in fat or sugar, including pizza, salty snacks and ice cream.
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Interestingly, there is a significantly higher percentage of adults in this group who drink milk.
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There are many explanations for this increased fat intake.
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Hectic schedules where parents try to balance work, family and leisure put time at a premium.
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Another issue is children's preference for fatty foods
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or foods with a high sugar content fast foods
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and ready-to-eat foods are convenient choices it is inconvenient to prepare different meals for both the children
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and the parents so it is likely
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that adults consume the same as their children of course there were limitations to our study one of these is
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that we did not take into account the number of minors in each household, which could have an effect on the adult who feeds the children.
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In addition, this study does not take into account the relationship of the adult to the minor.
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We could also postulate that the older a child gets, the more independent he or she becomes,
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and so the influence a child has on an adult may lessen depending on the age of the child.
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In terms of recommendations as a result of this study, we would like to see more research conducted to overcome the limitations outlined earlier.
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We also feel there is a need for even further research into the influence that friends can have on our fat intake,
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given the clear link we've established between family members.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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That is the end of the listening test.
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You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 52개와 단어 724개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 6:50입니다. 화자는 분당 약 106단어로 천천히 말해서 소리 하나하나를 따라 하기에 여유가 있습니다. 단어의 85%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 덜 흔한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
- consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/ (명사) — 소비. The act of eating, drinking or using.
- lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ (명사) — 강의. A spoken lesson or exposition, usually delivered to a group.
- meal /ˈmiːl/ (명사) — 끼니, 밥. Food that is prepared and eaten, usually at a specific time, and usually in a comparatively large quantity.
- percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/ (명사) — 백분율, 백분비. The amount, number or rate of something, regarded as part of a total of 100; a part of a whole.
- carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ (부사) — 주의하여, 조심스럽게. With care; attentively, circumspectly.
- explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ (명사) — 설명. The act or process of explaining.
- pizza /ˈpi.tsə/ (명사) — 피자. A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.
- obtain /əbˈteɪn/ (동사) — 얻다, 획득하다. To get hold of; to gain possession of, to procure; to acquire, in any way.
- sheet /ʃit/ (명사) — 장, 시트. A thin bed cloth used as a covering for a mattress or as a layer over the sleeper.
- indicate /ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/ (동사) — 가리키다. To point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known.
- absence /ˈæb.s(ə)n̩s/ (명사) — 결석, 부재. A state of being away or withdrawn from a place or from companionship
- ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/ (형용사) — 민족(民族)의. Of or relating to a group of people having common racial, ancestral, national, religious or cultural origins.
- invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ (동사) — 초대하다. To ask for the presence or participation of someone or something.
- overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ (동사) — 극복하다, 이겨내다. To surmount (a physical or abstract obstacle); to prevail over, to get the better of.
- examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ (명사) — 진찰, 검사. The act of examining.
주의할 발음
- “th” 소리: ethnic /ˈɛθ.nɪk/, hypothesis /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/, limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, sheet /ʃit/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, recommendation /ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, consumption, lecture, meal 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.