Shadowing Practice: Could Alzheimer's start in our nose? - Learn English Speaking with Video
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There is a theory that Alzheimer's starts in the nose.
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Now I'm not talking here about the fact that Alzheimer's patients tend to lose their sense of smell, often years before they notice any memory loss.
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I'm talking about the idea that maybe the whole thing just starts because of your nose.
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So the thing you've got to know is
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that your brain is locked away from the rest of your body in like a fortress, right?
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Even your blood can't get into your brain without going past
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some really heavy duty bounces in the form of the blood -brain barrier
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but one of the few areas where it has a connection
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to the outside is through your nose right just behind your eyes sitting behind your nose
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there is like a little bit of your skull
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that is covered in tiny holes through
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which your olfactory nerves will dangle to give you your sense of smell it's a bit like
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if you squished play -doh through a colander anyway to see if
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that was a potential route into the brain for infection a group of scientists they took a bunch of mice
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and then squirted chlamydia up their noses um now it was chlamydia pneumonia
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which is a sort of bacterial cousin of um if the one
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that gives you an sti
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but why let facts get in the way of a good
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sentence anyway to their surprise within 72 hours these mice who just had something put into their nose
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had an infection that traveled up into their brains
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that had then triggered the same kind of inflammatory response and plaques that you see in brains that are riddled with alzheimer's
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Another study was looking at stray dogs in Mexico.
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They took some that had lived around areas with lots of really bad pollution
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and then others that had been living in really rural locations.
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And they found in the dogs from the cities,
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inside of their brain were embedded really tiny little flecks of metals thought to have come from exhausts and braking of cars.
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And each one of those fragments was then surrounded again by the same plaques, same inflammatory responses that you end up seeing in Alzheimer's.
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The latest research has been looking at young children
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and adults who also grew up in really heavily polluted areas and found essentially the same thing.
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Stuff that is theorised to have got into the brain, through the nose, kind of sniffed up from the environment around,
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that is then kind of surrounded by these plaques and inflammatory response that you end up seeing in people decades, decades, decades later who have Alzheimer's.
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So here is the theory.
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Maybe one, the whole thing starts way, way, way, way, way before we thought.
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And two, maybe this isn't just something that goes wrong in your brain.
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Maybe the plaques that cause Alzheimer's are what's left over after your brain has fought off an outside invader.
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Interesting, isn't it?
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Anyway, if you want the full rundown, I've done a new scientist column on it, and you can see it on their website.
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Enjoy.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles is gebaseerd op de video “Could Alzheimer's start in our nose?”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: brain, nose, plaques, inflammatory, decades. Deze video bevat 38 zinnen en 522 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 2:33. De spreker praat snel, ongeveer 204 woorden per minuut, dus reken op verbonden en ingeslikte klanken. 84% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| inflammatory bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/ | opruiend |
| infection zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ | infectie, infectering |
| mouse zelfstandig naamwoord | /maʊs/ | muis |
| scientist zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | wetenschapper, wetenschapster |
| surround werkwoord | /səˈɹaʊnd/ | omgeven, omringen |
| essentially bijwoord | /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ | essentieel |
| cousin zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | neef, nicht |
| column zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈkɒləm/ | zuil, kolom |
| trigger zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/ | trekker |
| pollution zelfstandig naamwoord | /pəˈluʃən/ | vervuiling, milieuverontreiniging |
| nerve zelfstandig naamwoord | /nɝv/ | zenuw, neuronenbundel |
| barrier zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈbæɹi.ə/ | barrière, versperring |
| bounce werkwoord | /baʊns/ | stuiteren, ketsen |
| brake zelfstandig naamwoord | /bɹeɪk/ | rem, remmen |
| exhaust werkwoord | /ɪɡˈzɔst/ | uitputten, verminderen |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| end up werkwoord | belanden, terechtkomen |
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | is locked · is covered · are riddled |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | has fought · I've done |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 7 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals I'm, isn't, can't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, chlamydia /kləˈmɪd.i.ə/, olfactory /ɑlˈfæk.təɹ.i/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: surround /səˈɹaʊnd/, nerve /nɝv/, embed /ɪmˈbɛd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: plaque /plæk/, inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, barrier /ˈbæɹi.ə/, bacterial [bækˈtɪəɹiəɫ], fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: trigger /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/, exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔst/, fragment /ˈfɹæɡmənt/, dangle /ˈdæŋ.ɡəl/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als inflammatory, infection, mouse.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.