Pratique du Shadowing: Could Alzheimer's start in our nose? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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38 phrases
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There is a theory that Alzheimer's starts in the nose.
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Now I'm not talking here about the fact that Alzheimer's patients tend to lose their sense of smell, often years before they notice any memory loss.
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I'm talking about the idea that maybe the whole thing just starts because of your nose.
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So the thing you've got to know is
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that your brain is locked away from the rest of your body in like a fortress, right?
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Even your blood can't get into your brain without going past
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some really heavy duty bounces in the form of the blood -brain barrier
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but one of the few areas where it has a connection
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to the outside is through your nose right just behind your eyes sitting behind your nose
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there is like a little bit of your skull
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that is covered in tiny holes through
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which your olfactory nerves will dangle to give you your sense of smell it's a bit like
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if you squished play -doh through a colander anyway to see if
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that was a potential route into the brain for infection a group of scientists they took a bunch of mice
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and then squirted chlamydia up their noses um now it was chlamydia pneumonia
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which is a sort of bacterial cousin of um if the one
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that gives you an sti
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but why let facts get in the way of a good
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sentence anyway to their surprise within 72 hours these mice who just had something put into their nose
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had an infection that traveled up into their brains
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that had then triggered the same kind of inflammatory response and plaques that you see in brains that are riddled with alzheimer's
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Another study was looking at stray dogs in Mexico.
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They took some that had lived around areas with lots of really bad pollution
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and then others that had been living in really rural locations.
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And they found in the dogs from the cities,
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inside of their brain were embedded really tiny little flecks of metals thought to have come from exhausts and braking of cars.
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And each one of those fragments was then surrounded again by the same plaques, same inflammatory responses that you end up seeing in Alzheimer's.
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The latest research has been looking at young children
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and adults who also grew up in really heavily polluted areas and found essentially the same thing.
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Stuff that is theorised to have got into the brain, through the nose, kind of sniffed up from the environment around,
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that is then kind of surrounded by these plaques and inflammatory response that you end up seeing in people decades, decades, decades later who have Alzheimer's.
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So here is the theory.
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Maybe one, the whole thing starts way, way, way, way, way before we thought.
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And two, maybe this isn't just something that goes wrong in your brain.
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Maybe the plaques that cause Alzheimer's are what's left over after your brain has fought off an outside invader.
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Interesting, isn't it?
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Anyway, if you want the full rundown, I've done a new scientist column on it, and you can see it on their website.
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Enjoy.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Could Alzheimer's start in our nose? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : brain, nose, plaques, inflammatory, decades. Cette vidéo contient 38 phrases et 522 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:33. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 204 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 84 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| plaque nom | /plæk/ | plaque |
| inflammatory adjectif | /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/ | inflammatoire |
| infection nom | /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ | infection |
| mouse nom | /maʊs/ | souris |
| scientist nom | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | scientifique, savant |
| surround verbe | /səˈɹaʊnd/ | entourer, cerner |
| essentially adverbe | /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ | essentiellement, en essence |
| cousin nom | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | cousin, cousine |
| column nom | /ˈkɒləm/ | colonne |
| trigger nom | /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/ | détente, gâchette |
| pollution nom | /pəˈluʃən/ | pollution |
| nerve nom | /nɝv/ | nerf |
| barrier nom | /ˈbæɹi.ə/ | barrière |
| bounce verbe | /baʊns/ | rebondir |
| brake nom | /bɹeɪk/ | frein |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir |
| go past verbe | passer, dépasser |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is locked · is covered · are riddled |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has fought · I've done |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 7 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, isn't, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: infection /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, chlamydia /kləˈmɪd.i.ə/, olfactory /ɑlˈfæk.təɹ.i/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: inflammatory /ɪnˈflæmət(ə)ɹi/, surround /səˈɹaʊnd/, trigger /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/, barrier /ˈbæɹi.ə/, brake /bɹeɪk/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme plaque, inflammatory, infection.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.