Prática de Shadowing: [Lecture Ready3] Ch10 Lecture2 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Hi.

We're a bit behind schedule, so let's just dive right in today.

Today, we're going to continue our discussion of the elements of design.

We've talked about the use of space and light.

And now, today, we're going to be focusing on the use of color.

Color is a key part of the success of any project.

And it's the most personal and emotional of all the elements.

Every person has colors they like and don't like.

But, research has shown that there are patterns in the way people respond to color.

Some of these responses are more physical, so that means more universal.

And others are more learned.

The research I'm talking about comes from many types of studies studies.

Take, for example, physiological studies.

Studies that look at how color affects body temperature,

heart rate, brain activity, and emotional states.

The Kuhler reading that I assigned you talks about this.

In one of the articles,

I assigned the use of space some physiological and philosophical aspects,

Kuhler states that the color of an environment can have a big effect on heart rate and emotional feeling.

And he presents research to back up those ideas.

For example, very bright colors, colors with a lot of intensity,

especially red and yellow tend to excite people more, while white or grey walls seem to cause the opposite reaction.

They create a feeling of boredom or depression.

According to Kuehler, this is because they aren't stimulating colors for the eye and brain.

Okay.

Now, Kuehler was talking about general human responses, physiological responses that most humans have.

Physiological equal universal.

There are also learned responses, responses to a color that you are taught by your culture.

For example, colors you associate with holidays, or your favorite sports team,

pink is for girls, blue is for boys, that kind of thing.

People from the same culture often respond to colors in the same way.

Now, researchers have studied these physiological and learned responses to color in many ways.

They've studied things like how colors impact businesses like stores and restaurants,

in terms of customer buying behavior and service satisfaction.

And it turns out that this is very interesting.

So, today we're going to look at the impact of color.

Some of the generalizations that we can make based on these studies.

So that you can make good choices someday when you're planning different types of interior spaces.

Okay, one thing to consider is the lightness or darkness, the value of a color.

Let me give you an example.

Let's look at the color wheel for a minute here.

OK.

You've all seen one of these, I hope.

OK.

Well, you can see all the colors in varying degrees of lightness and darkness.

Light red is pink.

You see it there, right at the top?

OK.

Now, follow that row down toward the center and you'll see that dark red is the color we called Burgundy.

Pink and Burgundy are part of the same color family.

but are different values of red.

You'll also notice another thing here.

See how the dark colors like burgundy seem closer to the eye than lighter colors like pink?

You can use this effect to change the appearance of space in a room or a hallway, for example.

When used together, light and dark values, also called high contrast, can create a really dramatic effect.

Colors close in value make the environment calmer.

I'll show you some examples of this later.

Let's move away from color value now and move on to look at the impact of color families.

In other words, groups of colors that are near each other on the color wheel.

Warm colors like the red, orange, and yellow you see there in the top right areas?

Those are stimulating and dynamic, so they are good for rooms where there will be a lot of activity.

Or you want to encourage activity, like a child's playroom, for example.

Warm colors also make a room feel physically warmer.

In a letter to his brother, Vincent van Gogh, said that yellow is wonderful because it stands for the sun.

This may be a universal association.

We associate this color with the sun, so it makes us feel warmer.

These warm colors also tend to make people feel happier.

To most people they feel cozy and comfortable.

Cool colors like blues, greens, and violets, there on the bottom left, those tend to be calming.

They're associated with relaxation and activities that require deep thought.

Be careful though, because they can also feel depressing and heavy.

Cool colors also seem to lower the physical temperature of a room.

So, you need to use these colors carefully.

Okay, now let's talk about color harmony.

The way colors feel together.

Now, color harmony can be difficult because most colors are not pure.

They're not exact.

Most people won't paint a room pure blue.

They may mix blue with black to make navy blue or they may mix it with purple to get royal blue.

So most colors are actually a combination of colors.

Now, in these mixtures, the dominant color is the main color we identify.

The small amounts of other colors, or black, or white, or gray, that are mixed with a pure color,

those are called the undertones.

Identifying the nature of the undertones of a color is the first step to creating color harmony.

Because generally speaking, different colors with similar undertones tend to harmonize the best.

So let me explain.

Usually, we evaluate the undertones of colors by value, lightness or darkness, or intensity,

purity or dullness, or by their warmth or coolness.

If these undertones are similar in the different colors of a room,

the room is more aesthetically pleasing, more comfortable.

If different colors in a space have different undertones, they don't harmonize.

They make a person feel uncomfortable.

So undertones are very important.

But you can decide how harmonious you want a space to be.

Let's look at a couple of examples of harmony in action.

Okay, well, the aesthetics of traditional Japanese interior design.

like this room, say that all colors must be subtly harmonious, as we see here.

Similar colors and similar color values.

And that works well in this setting.

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But in another setting, like a lounge,

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for instance, bold combinations might be more appropriate it.

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You see?

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You see, here there are big differences in color value and strong colors.

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Both of these designs are aesthetically pleasing and effective,

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depending on the purpose of the space and the aesthetics of the people who will use the space.

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Joseph Albers, an artist and teacher who studied and wrote a lot about color he once said

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and I quote in visual perception a color is almost

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never seen as it really is as it physically is what

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albers means is the color is seen differently depending on the surroundings what other colors are close by what light

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there is color is whatever we make of it okay I'll leave you with this thought

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because we're out of time so we'll pick it up next time all right thanks very much have a great day

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “[Lecture Ready3] Ch10 Lecture2”. As palavras que mais se repetem: color, value, space, example, undertones. Este vídeo tem 111 frases e 1203 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 11:46. O falante fala devagar, cerca de 102 palavras por minuto, o que dá tempo para imitar cada som. 84% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

Palavra	Pronúncia	Significado
physiological adjetivo	/ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/	fisiológico
harmony substantivo	/ˈhɑ̟ɹ.mə.ni/	harmonia
universal adjetivo	/ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/	universal
associate substantivo	/əˈsoʊʃi.ət/	associado
darkness substantivo	/ˈdɑɹk.nɪs/	escuridão, trevas
element substantivo	/ˈɛləmənt/	fundamento
physically advérbio	/ˈfɪz.ɪ.kli/	fisicamente
depend verbo	/dɪˈpɛnd/	depender
intensity substantivo	/ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/	intensidade
stimulate verbo	/ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/	estimular, incentivar
assign verbo	/əˈsaɪn/	designar, atribuir
aesthetics substantivo	/ɛsˈθɛt.ɪks/	estética
carefully advérbio	/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/	cuidadosamente, cautelosamente
contrast substantivo	/kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/	contraste
encourage verbo	/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/	encorajar, incentivar

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

Palavra	Significado
turn out verbo	terminar

Frases que vale a pena repetir

Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:

We've talked about the use of space and light.
You've all seen one of these, I hope.
You see it there, right at the top?
You'll also notice another thing here.
I'll show you some examples of this later.

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

Estrutura	No vídeo
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora	We've talked · has shown · have studied
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz	are also learned · are called · is seen
Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa	people who will · teacher who studied

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 21 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, don't, I'll. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

Os sons de “th”: aesthetics /ɛsˈθɛt.ɪks/, warmth /wɔɹmθ/
Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, combinations /kɑmbɪˈneɪʃənz/
Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, element /ˈɛləmənt/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, stimulate /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/
/l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: physiological /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/
/h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: harmony /ˈhɑ̟ɹ.mə.ni/, hallway /ˈhɔlˌweɪ/, harmonious /hɑɹˈmoʊni.əs/, harmonize /ˈhɑɹ.mə.naɪz/

Como praticar com este vídeo

Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como physiological, harmony, universal.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →

Prática de Shadowing: [Lecture Ready3] Ch10 Lecture2 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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