Prática de Shadowing: Nitrates: Nursing Pharmacology - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
Criando lição...
1
What?
2
you Nitrates are medications that come under the umbrella of a larger group called vasodilators, which dilate the walls of blood vessels.
3
Nitrates are primarily used to treat angina pectoris, which is pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle as well as hypertension and heart failure.
4
More recently, they've also been approved for the topical treatment of anal fissures.
5
Enjoying our Osmosis videos?
6
Unlock your full potential with an Osmosis subscription.
7
Get unlimited access to every Osmosis feature and resource with a free 7 -day trial.
8
The most commonly used nitrates include nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide mononitrate.
9
Out of these, nitroglycerin has a rapid and short -lasting action, so when treating acute anginal pain or hypertension,
10
it's typically given through rapidly absorbable routes, like sublingual, oral spray, or intravenously, to bypass the first -pass metabolism in the liver,
11
which would slow its absorption.
12
For long -term prevention, though, routes of administration can include transdermal patches, topical ointments, or extended -release oral capsules.
13
Nitroglycerin can also be administered rectally for the treatment of anal fissures.
14
On the other hand, isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate have a longer duration of action and are typically administered orally as tablets,
15
or sustained release capsules which makes them useful for the long -term prevention of angina pectoris
16
or to treat clients with heart failure.
17
Once absorbed into the blood, nitrates quickly get converted into their active form,
18
called nitric oxide, Nitric oxide diffuses to the smooth muscle cells of both veins and arteries, causing wall relaxation and vasodilation.
19
The result of venous vasodilation is peripheral blood pooling, which in turn decreases the return of venous blood to the heart.
20
This way, nitrates predominantly reduce preload, which is the pressure that stretches the heart as it fills with blood from venous return.
21
At the same time, arterial vasodilation lowers the systemic vascular resistance, which will also reduce the afterload,
22
or the pressure that the heart must work against to eject the blood.
23
Ultimately, by reducing preload and afterload, nitrates reduce the amount of work the heart has to do, eventually decreasing the heart's oxygen consumption.
24
Nitrates also have a minor effect on the dilation of the coronary arteries, which helps increase oxygen delivery to heart tissue.
25
Common side effects of nitrates include headache, dizziness, flushing, nausea, and vomiting.
26
Another important side effect of nitrates is orthostatic hypotension, where the blood pressure falls significantly when the client stands up too quickly.
27
As a result, these clients could experience lightheadedness or syncope due to decreased blood flow to the brain.
28
In addition, clients may experience reflex tachycardia,
29
which is caused by the sympathetic system triggering an increase in heart rate in response to the hypotension caused by nitrates, in order to maintain tissue perfusion.
30
Now, clients who continuously use nitrates soon develop tolerance to these side effects.
31
Unfortunately, clients may also develop tolerance to the therapeutic effects of nitrates, especially with uninterrupted use.
32
Clients can prevent this by avoiding using nitrates for several hours each day.
33
Finally, nitrates are contraindicated in individuals with hypotension, hypovolemia, severe anemia, and cardiomyopathy.
34
Nitrates should be used carefully during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as well as in clients with increased intracranial pressure or cerebral hemorrhage,
35
renal or hepatic disease, and syncope.
36
As far as drug interactions go, nitrates should never be combined with other substances that cause vasodilation,
37
such as alcohol, Medications used to treat erectile dysfunction including sildenafil,
38
tadalafil, or vardenafil or antihypertensive agents like beta blockers or calcium channel blockers.
39
If taken together, their effects add up and may lead to a steep fall in blood pressure, cardiovascular collapse, and even death.
40
Now, before administering a nitrate,
41
complete a baseline assessment, including frequency and severity of angina pain and vital signs especially blood pressure.
42
Review their health history for angina risk factors, such as hypertension.
43
Next, check your client's latest laboratory report including CBC, hepatic and renal function, as well as their lipid profile.
44
Then be sure they understand how angina happens, and explain how the medication helps reduce or prevent angina by improving blood flow to the heart.
45
Lastly, after administering the nitrate, remain with your client and continuously monitor their vital signs, especially blood pressure.
46
Continue to assess for worsening symptoms, such as chest pain and side effects, and for the desired therapeutic response.
47
Ok, when teaching your client about sublingual nitroglycerin, explain that nitrates are sensitive to light,
48
moisture and heat, so advise them to store their nitroglycerin pills in their original container at room temperature
49
but also remind them to carry a small number of their pills with them at all times.
50
Teach them that taking a sip of water before putting their pill under their tongue will help it dissolve
51
and get into their system faster.
52
In addition, let them know that it's normal for them to feel a slight burning
53
or tingling under their tongue while the medication dissolves.
54
Be sure to remind your client to not swallow the medication
55
and instruct them to avoid eating or drinking anything for 15 minutes after administration to ensure the medication is fully absorbed.
56
Let them know about common side effects they may experience, such as headache, which can be managed with acetaminophen,
57
and orthostatic hypotension, which can increase the risk of falls.
58
So teach your client to make position changes slowly, especially if they feel lightheaded.
59
Lastly, stress the importance of avoiding other substances that can excessively lower blood pressure, such as alcohol and medications used for erectile dysfunction.
60
If your client experiences angina with activity, remind them to take the nitroglycerin prior to precipitating activities or situations,
61
such as playing sports or mowing the lawn.
62
If they're taking the nitrate for acute angina, instruct them to call emergency services if the pain does not resolve within five minutes after one dose.
63
While awaiting emergency care to arrive, let them know that they may take a second and third dose five minutes apart.
64
Now, if your client is prescribed transdermal nitroglycerin patches, instruct them to apply a new patch each day on a hairless part of their body.
65
To prevent the development of nitrate tolerance, stress the importance of incorporating about 12 hours of nitrate free time every 24 hours, usually during the night.
66
For example, if your client has angina with activity, instruct them to apply their patch at 8 a .m and then remove it at 8 p .m.
67
Finally, remind your client to take their medication as directed, and warn them that stopping abruptly could result in vasospasm.
68
Alright, as a quick recap, nitrates are medications mainly used to treat angina pectoris, hypertension, and heart failure.
69
Once administered, nitrates are quickly converted into their active form, nitric oxide, which causes vasodilation and ultimately reduces preload and afterload.
70
while improving blood flow through the coronary arteries.
71
Clients who are prescribed nitrates should be advised about side effects, including headache, dizziness, flushing, nausea,
72
orthostatic hypotension, and reflex tachycardia.
73
Nitrates should be avoided in clients with problems such as hypotension and hypovolemia, and they should never be combined with other substances that cause vasodilation,
74
such as alcohol or medications for erectile dysfunction.
75
Finally, continuous administration of nitrates can lead to tolerance, and clients can prevent this by avoiding using nitrates for several hours each day.
76
Helping current and future clinicians focus, learn, retain, and thrive.
77
Learn more.
📺 Mesmo canal
C13
Pneumothorax - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
University StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Asthma
University StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Clinical Cuts: B-Cell Activation, Differentiation, & Contraction
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
C12
Myasthenia gravis
University StudentsWorking Adults
C1Gallstones (cholelithiasis)
University StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Bell palsy
University StudentsWorking Adults
C18
Emotional and mental health needs
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Introduction to the immune system
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1Tuberculosis - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
✨ Vídeo recomendado
C12
743 frases
Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Test 50 NCLEX Questions and Answers with Rationales 2026
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
90 frases
Basics of prescription filling
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
121 frases
This Vitamin Prevents Age Spots (Most People Don't Get Enough)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
72 frases
Blood Flow Through the Heart (Made Easy in 5 Minutes!)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
187 frases
Why Your Knee Hurts (And What To Do About It!)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
30 frases
What Are Biosimilars? How Amgen Is Providing More Treatment Options
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
26 frases
Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAIs) and Hand Hygiene - Fundamentals of Nursing | @LevelUpRN
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
90 frases
(English) Acute high grade MCA stenosis PTA and Stenting
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
35 frases
Natural Gas 101
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
4 frases
Ambr®️ 250 High Throughput Perfusion Product Tutorial - Learn with Sartorius
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
61 frases
How to Present a Patient: Inpatient Bedside Teaching Rounds (Group 12)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Sobre Esta Lição
Nesta lição, você terá a oportunidade de praticar o vocabulário e as expressões relacionadas ao tema dos nitratos na farmacologia de enfermagem. Você aprenderá sobre como esses medicamentos funcionam, seus usos e efeitos colaterais, além de aprimorar sua compreensão auditiva e pronúncia em inglês. A prática do conteúdo irá ajudá-lo a melhorar a pronúncia em inglês, facilitando a exposição a termos técnicos e a sua aplicação em um contexto médico.
Vocabulário e Frases Chave
- Nitrates - Nitratos
- Angina pectoris - Angina do peito
- Vasodilators - Vasodilatadores
- Hypertension - Hipertensão
- Heart failure - Insuficiência cardíaca
- Administration routes - Vias de administração
- Side effects - Efeitos colaterais
- Hypotension - Hipotensão
Dicas de Prática
Para maximizar sua prática de shadowspeaks com o conteúdo deste vídeo, siga estas dicas:
- Escute atentamente: Preste atenção à entonação e ritmo do falante. A velocidade moderada pode ser acompanhada facilmente, permitindo que você reproduza as frases.
- Repita em voz alta: Tente imitar a pronúncia e a fluência do falante. O método de shadow speech envolve falar junto com o áudio, ajudando a internalizar a pronúncia correta.
- Divida em segmentos: Se alguma parte for difícil, tenha uma pausa e escute o trecho novamente antes de repetir. Isso facilitará a compreensão e melhorará a pronúncia em inglês.
- Grave-se: Utilize seu celular para gravar sua prática. Ouvir a si mesmo pode ajudar a identificar áreas que precisam de mais atenção.
- Pratique regularmente: Faça sessões diárias de prática. O uso consistente do shadowspeak é efetivo para melhorar a sua fluência e confiança ao falar.
Adotar este método de prática não só enriquecerá seu vocabulário técnico, mas também será uma excelente forma de desenvolver suas habilidades de conversação em inglês em um contexto especializado.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + verbo — um hábito ou estado do passado que não é mais verdade | used to treat |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | been approved · be administered · is caused |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | pectoris, which is · capsules which makes · preload, which is |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.