Практика Shadowing: Bare Hand Bottle Busting- Science Investigation - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Создание урока...
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- Today I am here with Kevin, more commonly known as the Backyard Scientist.
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And as fate would have it, we are actually in- - The backyard.
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- So I recently made a video where I converted a leaf blower into a snowball machine gun and the first thing he said was- - You should set those on fire.
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- So as soon as I got here today, we- But flaming snowballs aren't actually why I'm here today.
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Show 'em why I'm here today, Kevin.
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So I actually don't drink, but I've heard of people doing this with beer bottles.
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So either Kevin has some superpowers, or there's some crazy physics going on there that we're gonna try and figure out today.
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- So neither of us really knows what causes these bottles to break and there's a lot of conflicting evidence out there but we have some of our own ideas.
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- So as firm believers in the scientific method, we are going to science our way to the right answer through a bunch of experiments.
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- I'll drink to that.
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- Not yet you won't, Kevin. - I've heard that one of the reasons people think it's breaking is because when they slam their hand down on it, they're forcing a bunch of air in the bottle and that causes the bottom to shoot out.
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- So in this experiment, we're testing the pressure wave theory, where when a person hits it with their hand, they force a bunch of air in that then creates a pressure wave that pushes out the bottom of the bottle.
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So we've put a cap on the top, so there's no way to force air in.
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We're using a rubber mallet just to be more consistent for all of the hits.
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One. The bottle broke, even though the cap was on, and there was no way to force air in, so we are rejecting this theory.
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- We think carbonation might have something to do with it.
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- Okay so to isolate that, we have one beer that's carbonated, one with water, and then we filled this one with sparkling water.
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So if these two don't break and this one breaks, I think we've isolated that it works better without carbonation.
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- Yes. - So this bottle is filled with sparkling water, so the theory is that it shouldn't break.
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And now for the beer, the bottle didn't break, but that was interesting how much it fizzed up.
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So as it turns out, here's why that happens.
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When you hit the bottle, it moves down really fast, but the liquid hasn't started moving yet.
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That creates an empty gap down here, that's basically a vacuum or really low pressure.
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And if the drink is carbonated, the CO2 from the liquid gets sucked into that vacuum and fills it with CO2 gas bubbles.
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And since these bubbles are less dense than the drink, they rise up through the liquid and create a chain reaction of more bubbles as they go.
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Now finally, we test the water, and just like with the carbonated liquids, you see this vacuum form on the bottom.
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Except this time the bottle breaks.
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So theory number two is confirmed, non-carbonated liquids work better.
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But now we just have to figure out why.
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What are they doing differently to make the bottle actually break?
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- So what I think is breaking the bottle is the momentum of the water going back and filling the vacuum is causing the bottom to break out.
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- And I think the break is happening a little bit earlier.
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When the vacuum is formed like the air outside is at 14 PSI and so it's pushing in on the vacuum.
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So it's before the water rebounds, it's actually cracking because the difference in pressure.
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- Well we'll find out.
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- Round three. Fight!
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- So we're gonna add some red dye and then we're gonna slow the camera down to like 7,000 frames per second to see precisely the moment when it happens.
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One. So if I'm right, okay, bottle, it should break right there.
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- No. - Yes! - You punk.
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Yeah so you're definitely right.
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- Yeah. - It ruptured when the water is coming back right?
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- Cracks right after it hits the bottom.
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- So Kevin was right. In fact, it turns out that water cavity collapses 10 times faster than it formed, which creates a force higher than the initial hit on the bottle, which is why it doesn't break right away.
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So now that you know the science, if you want to impress your friends with this trick, here are a couple important tips.
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Number one, hit the bottle and not your hand.
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You want to make as much energy from your strike go into moving the bottle and not just being reacted by your hand.
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You can even get the neck of the bottle a little wet and then let it slip a bit when you hit it, just to make sure it's moving.
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Number two, like we discovered, use water or something non-carbonated.
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Otherwise, the carbonation just fills in that vacuum and cushions the rebound force.
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Number three, a liquid with a high vapor pressure is good.
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If you use a liquid with a high vapor pressure that means the vacuum you need at the bottom of the bottle will form much easier, so hot water is a lot better than cold water because the vapor pressure's higher.
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Nail polish remover also works well for the same reason.
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Number four, be safe, this is glass, and glass can cut you if you're not careful where it lands.
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Number five, don't chicken out.
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It hurts way more if you don't follow through.
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Plus you look like this.
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- Oh, I heard it. Did it hurt?
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Bare Hand Bottle Busting- Science Investigation». Чаще всего повторяются слова: bottle, break, vacuum, liquid, bottom. В этом видео 57 предложений и 948 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 5:25. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 175 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 85% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| vacuum существительное | /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ | ва́куум |
| carbonated прилагательное | /ˈkɑɹ.bəˌneɪ.təd/ | газиро́ванный |
| vapor существительное | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | пар, газ |
| bubble существительное | /ˈbʌbəl/ | пузы́рь |
| snowball существительное | /ˈsnoʊbɔl/ | снежо́к, сне́жный ком |
| sparkling прилагательное | /ˈspɑɹkl̩ɪŋ/ | искря́щийся |
| isolate глагол | /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/ | изоли́ровать, обособля́ть |
| backyard существительное | /bækˈjɑːd/ | за́дний двор |
| blower существительное | /ˈbloʊ.ɚ/ | ду́ющий, труба́ч |
| mallet существительное | /ˈmælɪt/ | кия́нка, колоту́шка |
| rupture существительное | /ˈɹʌpt͡ʃɚ/ | разры́в |
| superpower существительное | сверхдержа́ва, супердержа́ва | |
| cushion существительное | /ˈkʊʃən/ | поду́шка |
| cavity существительное | /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/ | по́лость |
| believer существительное | /bɪˈlivɚ/ | ве́рующий, ве́рующая |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| figure out глагол | разбира́ться, разобра́ться |
| turn out глагол | ока́зываться, оказа́ться |
| break out глагол | сбега́ть, сбежа́ть |
| come back глагол | возвраща́ться, возврати́ться |
| find out глагол | узнава́ть, узна́ть |
| go back глагол | возвраща́ться, возврати́ться |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | I've heard · we've put · we've isolated |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | is filled · is carbonated · is confirmed |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 30 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например we're, don't, gonna. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: carbonated /ˈkɑɹ.bəˌneɪ.təd/, momentum /ˌmə(ʊ)ˈmɛntəm/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: carbonated /ˈkɑɹ.bəˌneɪ.təd/, rebound /ˈɹi.baʊnd/, backyard /bækˈjɑːd/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как vacuum, carbonated, vapor.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.