Практика Shadowing: Martin Luther King Jr. Biography - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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I Have a Dream
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The opening line of one of the most iconic speeches of our time by the late great Martin Luther King, often simply referred to as MLK.
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Born in Atlanta, Georgia on January 15, 1929, King was a religious minister who rose to fame as
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a national leader in the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 60s.
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King, who was actually named Michael upon birth, was five years old when his father,
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also Michael, became inspired by the works of the late German Protestant Reformation leader,
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Martin Luther, and decided to change both he and his son's names.
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King's father was also a minister and a strict father who fought for civil rights.
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Having long witnessed his father's fight against segregation and racial abuse, it was inevitable that King would follow in his father's footsteps.
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He was a gifted student who skipped grades 9 and 12 and entered college early at the age of 15,
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graduating with a degree in sociology four years later.
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He then went on to receive a Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1951
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and finally his doctorate in theology from Boston University in 1955.
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Amidst all his studies, King married and became a father to four children.
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At the age of 25,
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King became a pastor at a Baptist church in Alabama and quickly gained fame for his booming voice and powerful congregational speeches.
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His role in defending Rosa Parks in the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 shot King to national fame.
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Ms. Parks was arrested for sitting in a whites-only seat of a city bus.
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These kinds of segregation laws were exactly what King wanted to abolish.
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He urged communities to come together to stop this kind of repression.
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The boycott lasted just over a year and resulted in a change of law that prohibited segregation on buses.
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This was just the beginning of King's leadership.
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The Civil Rights Movement gained many victories as a result of his hard work and often personal sacrifices.
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As a big believer in Gandhi's ideals, King always maintained a nonviolent approach to resolving disputes.
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Despite this, there was constant opposition who believed that black people did not deserve any extra rights, and King was arrested and jailed repeatedly,
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close to 30 times during his lifetime, apparently.
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His family was threatened daily, and his house was even bombed at one point.
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However, King was resilient, and he fought on, determined to create a better,
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safer, more peaceful life for his family, his friends, and his followers.
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He founded the SCLC, Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which was instrumental in civil rights reforms.
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He led the Great March in Washington in 1963, which advocated for the civil and economic rights of African Americans.
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He called for an end to racism with one of the most famous speeches ever, joined by around 250,000 supporters.
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He played a huge part in the passing of new voting laws for black people in the U.S in 1964 and 1965.
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And in October of 1964,
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he became the youngest ever recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize for leading nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice in the U.S.
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Sadly, King was assassinated on April 4,
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1968, aged just 39, shot whilst on a motel balcony in Memphis, Tennessee.
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But his legacy went on to succeed him as just days after his death, U.S.
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Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1968 prohibiting all manner of racial discrimination in housing and housing-related transactions.
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This was believed to be a tribute to the great leader.
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Martin Luther King Jr. Day was established as an annual national holiday in the U.S in 1971,
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and he was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977.
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King's dreams and beliefs live on.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Martin Luther King Jr. Biography». Чаще всего повторяются слова: King, rights, civil, became, father. В этом видео 43 предложений и 608 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 4:26. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 137 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. Только 78% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| segregation существительное | /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/ | отделе́ние, разделе́ние |
| prohibit глагол | /pɹəˈhɪbɪt/ | запреща́ть, запрети́ть |
| boycott существительное | /ˈbɔɪkɑt/ | бойко́т |
| abolish глагол | /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/ | отменя́ть, отмени́ть |
| assassinate глагол | /əˈsæs(ə)nˌeɪt/ | убива́ть, уби́ть |
| doctorate существительное | /ˈdɑk.tɚ.ət/ | до́кторская сте́пень, доктора́т |
| footstep существительное | /ˈfʊtstɛp/ | след |
| posthumously наречие | посме́ртно | |
| resilient прилагательное | /ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/ | ги́бкий, эласти́чный |
| repression существительное | /ɹəˈpɹɛʃən/ | репре́ссия, подавле́ние |
| follower существительное | /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/ | после́дователь, после́довательница |
| motel существительное | /moʊˈtɛl/ | моте́ль, автопансиона́т |
| believer существительное | /bɪˈlivɚ/ | ве́рующий, ве́рующая |
| sociology существительное | /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/ | социоло́гия, обществове́дение |
| balcony существительное | /ˈbælkəni/ | балко́н |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | was actually named · was arrested · was threatened |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | student who skipped · Conference, which was |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
- Звуки «th»: theology /θiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, abolish /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/, congregational /kɑŋɡɹəˈɡeɪʃənəl/, repression /ɹəˈpɹɛʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, assassinate /əˈsæs(ə)nˌeɪt/, congregational /kɑŋɡɹəˈɡeɪʃənəl/, sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, theology /θiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/, resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как segregation, prohibit, boycott.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.