Pratique du Shadowing: Martin Luther King Jr. Biography - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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43 phrases
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I Have a Dream
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The opening line of one of the most iconic speeches of our time by the late great Martin Luther King, often simply referred to as MLK.
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Born in Atlanta, Georgia on January 15, 1929, King was a religious minister who rose to fame as
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a national leader in the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 60s.
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King, who was actually named Michael upon birth, was five years old when his father,
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also Michael, became inspired by the works of the late German Protestant Reformation leader,
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Martin Luther, and decided to change both he and his son's names.
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King's father was also a minister and a strict father who fought for civil rights.
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Having long witnessed his father's fight against segregation and racial abuse, it was inevitable that King would follow in his father's footsteps.
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He was a gifted student who skipped grades 9 and 12 and entered college early at the age of 15,
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graduating with a degree in sociology four years later.
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He then went on to receive a Bachelor of Divinity degree in 1951
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and finally his doctorate in theology from Boston University in 1955.
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Amidst all his studies, King married and became a father to four children.
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At the age of 25,
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King became a pastor at a Baptist church in Alabama and quickly gained fame for his booming voice and powerful congregational speeches.
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His role in defending Rosa Parks in the Montgomery Bus Boycott of 1955 shot King to national fame.
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Ms. Parks was arrested for sitting in a whites-only seat of a city bus.
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These kinds of segregation laws were exactly what King wanted to abolish.
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He urged communities to come together to stop this kind of repression.
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The boycott lasted just over a year and resulted in a change of law that prohibited segregation on buses.
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This was just the beginning of King's leadership.
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The Civil Rights Movement gained many victories as a result of his hard work and often personal sacrifices.
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As a big believer in Gandhi's ideals, King always maintained a nonviolent approach to resolving disputes.
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Despite this, there was constant opposition who believed that black people did not deserve any extra rights, and King was arrested and jailed repeatedly,
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close to 30 times during his lifetime, apparently.
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His family was threatened daily, and his house was even bombed at one point.
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However, King was resilient, and he fought on, determined to create a better,
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safer, more peaceful life for his family, his friends, and his followers.
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He founded the SCLC, Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which was instrumental in civil rights reforms.
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He led the Great March in Washington in 1963, which advocated for the civil and economic rights of African Americans.
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He called for an end to racism with one of the most famous speeches ever, joined by around 250,000 supporters.
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He played a huge part in the passing of new voting laws for black people in the U.S in 1964 and 1965.
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And in October of 1964,
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he became the youngest ever recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize for leading nonviolent resistance to racial prejudice in the U.S.
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Sadly, King was assassinated on April 4,
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1968, aged just 39, shot whilst on a motel balcony in Memphis, Tennessee.
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But his legacy went on to succeed him as just days after his death, U.S.
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Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1968 prohibiting all manner of racial discrimination in housing and housing-related transactions.
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This was believed to be a tribute to the great leader.
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Martin Luther King Jr. Day was established as an annual national holiday in the U.S in 1971,
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and he was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977.
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King's dreams and beliefs live on.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Martin Luther King Jr. Biography ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : King, rights, civil, became, father. Cette vidéo contient 43 phrases et 608 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:26. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 137 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
segregation nom/sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/ségrégation, séparation
prohibit verbe/pɹəˈhɪbɪt/interdire, prohiber
boycott nom/ˈbɔɪkɑt/boycott, boycottage
abolish verbe/əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/abolir, supprimer
assassinate verbe/əˈsæs(ə)nˌeɪt/assassiner
doctorate nom/ˈdɑk.tɚ.ət/doctorat
footstep nom/ˈfʊtstɛp/empreinte, trace de pas
posthumously adverbeposthumement, à titre posthume
resilient adjectif/ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/résilient
repression nom/ɹəˈpɹɛʃən/répression
amidst/aˈmɪdst/au milieu de, entre
motel nom/moʊˈtɛl/motel
believer nom/bɪˈlivɚ/croyant, croyante
sociology nom/ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/sociologie
balcony nom/ˈbælkəni/balcon

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitwas actually named · was arrested · was threatened
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chosestudent who skipped · Conference, which was

Prononciation à surveiller

  • Les sons « th »: theology /θiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/
  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, abolish /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/, congregational /kɑŋɡɹəˈɡeɪʃənəl/, repression /ɹəˈpɹɛʃən/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, assassinate /əˈsæs(ə)nˌeɪt/, congregational /kɑŋɡɹəˈɡeɪʃənəl/, sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, theology /θiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: sociology /ˌsoʊsiˈɑləd͡ʒi/, prejudice /ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/, theology /θiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/, urge /ɜːd͡ʒ/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, prohibit /pɹəˈhɪbɪt/, congregational /kɑŋɡɹəˈɡeɪʃənəl/, resilient /ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/, repression /ɹəˈpɹɛʃən/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme segregation, prohibit, boycott.

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Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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