Практика Shadowing: The Attachment Theory: How Childhood Affects Life - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
Выберите режим практики
Каждый режим открывает полноэкранную комнату практики.
70 предложений
Если предложения слишком короткие или длинные, нажмите Edit, чтобы их изменить.
1
The attachment theory argues that a strong emotional and physical bond to one primary caregiver in our first years of life, is critical to our development.
2
If our bonding is strong and we are securely attached, then we feel safe to explore the world.
3
We know there is always that safe base, to which we can return to anytime.
4
If our bond is weak, we feel insecurely attached.
5
We are afraid to leave or explore a rather scary-looking world.
6
Because we are not sure if we can return.
7
People who are securely attached are said to have greater trust, can connect to others and as a result are more successful in life.
8
Insecurely attached people tend to mistrust others, lack social skills and have problems forming relationships.
9
There is one type of secure attachment and there are 3 types of insecure attachments: Anxious/Ambivalent Anxious/Avoidant and Anxious/Disorganized.
10
In responses to distress, the first 3 react organized, while the last acts disorganized.
11
To understand the theory better, let's look at Mr and Ms Smith, who have 4 children.
12
Luka, Ann, Joe and Amy.
13
The Smiths are lovely parents, who cuddle, make frequent eye contact, speak warmly, and are always there for their kids.
14
But one day Mr Smith falls very sick and dies.
15
For Mrs Smith life now becomes very difficult.
16
She spend all day working, while at the same time trying to care for her children.
17
And impossible task.
18
At 6 years of age, Luka’s brain is for the most part developed, his character strong and his world view shaped.
19
The new situation does not affect him much - he knows there still is always mom - his safe-haven.
20
He feels securely attached.
21
Later he turns into a trusting and optimistic young man.
22
His self image is positive.
23
Ann, who is 3, has problems coping with the new lack of attention.
24
To Ann, her mother now acts unpredictably.
25
She is anxious about their relationship, and as a result becomes clingy.
26
To get her mom’s attention, she has to raise her emotional state and scream.
27
When her mom finally reacts with a predictable response, she herself acts ambivalent and doesn't show her true feelings.
28
Later in life, others think Ann is unpredictable or moody.
29
Her self image is less positive.
30
Her attachment style Anxious Ambivalent.
31
2-year old Joe, spends his days with his uncle, who loves him, but thinks that a good education means being strict.
32
If little Joe shows too much emotions or is too loud, his Uncle gets angry and sometimes punitive.
33
This scares Joe.
34
He learns that to avoid fear, he has to avoid showing his feelings - also in other situations.
35
As an adult he continues this strategy and has problems to enter relationships.
36
His image of himself is rather negative.
37
His attachment is: Anxious Avoidant Amy, who is just one year old, gets sent to a nursery.
38
The staff there is poorly trained, overworked and often very stressed.
39
Some are outright abusive.
40
Amy therefore becomes anxious of the very people she seeks security from - a conflict which totally disorganizes her ideas about love and safety.
41
As she is experiencing fear without resolution, she tries to avoid all social situations.
42
As an adult she thinks of herself as unworthy of love.
43
Her self image is very negative.
44
He attachment is anxious disorganized Our attachment is formed in the very first years of our lives, a time when we are too young to communicate our anxiety and as a result can experience high levels of stress.
45
Then our adrenal gland - an organ sitting on top of our kidneys - produces the stress-hormones adrenaline and cortisol.
46
The heart rate increases, the blood pressure goes up and we become alert.
47
If that happens frequently, it is called toxic stress.
48
Toxic, because it impairs the development of a child's brain, and weakens the immune system.
49
In embryos or at a very young age, toxic stress can even switch the expressions of genes, which can affect our health many decades later.
50
By simulating a Strange Situation, we can assess an attachment style, already by the age of one.
51
To do this, we let the child play with their mothers for a few minutes inside a room.
52
Then the child is left alone.
53
The key moment is the child's reaction when her mother returns.
54
Securely attached children first usually hug their mother, then can calm down and eventually get back to playing.
55
Insecurely attached children can be ambivalent and avoidant.
56
Some can't stop crying or refuse to continue playing.
57
The long term effects of our attachment in the early years, are well documented.
58
Using the theory, researchers at Minnesota University were able to predict already at age 3, if a child would dropout of high school with 77% accuracy.
59
In another study, undergraduates at Harvard were asked to assess how close they felt to their parents.
60
35 years later they were ask about their health.
61
91% of those who said they had a rather broken relationship with their mother, were also diagnosed with health issues, including coronary artery disease, hypertension, and alcoholism.
62
For those that had reported a warm relationship, the figure of poor health diagnosis was just 45%.
63
But there is another reason why the early years deserve special attention.
64
They are the starting place for subsequent behaviors.
65
A kid that feels securely attached at age 2, can make friends at kindergarten.
66
Their worldview gets reinforced with every interaction and they develop optimism.
67
As a result they make good relationships at school, then at colleague and later at work.
68
Highly insecurely attached children can miss out on this opportunity.
69
Psychologist John Bowlby, a pioneer in attachment theory, allegedly said, “What cannot be communicated to the mother, cannot be communicated to the self.” In other words: those who feel insecurely attached, might not quite understand themselves.
70
To get to know who they are and what they feel, they might have to go way back in time.
Скачать приложение
Всё для свободной речи
ИИ-оценка произношенияОценка каждой фразы
Практика IPAОсвойте каждый звук
СловарьСоберите свой словарный запас
Игра со словамиУчитесь играя
Тот же канал
B12
The Big Five Personality Traits
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
The Pygmalion Effect
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How Money Is Created and How This Makes Some Rich and Some Poor
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Montessori School Education
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The Menstrual Cycle Explained: A Guide to the 4 Phases & Hormones
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B11
The Paradox of Choice
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Early Childhood Education: The Research
University StudentsWorking Adults
B12
The Confirmation Bias
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
Linguistic Relativity: How Language Shapes Thought
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C15
The IB Program: The Global School Curriculum
Kids
![The 4 Stages of Adaptation [Culture Shock]](https://img.youtube.com/vi/PrbzuV2Paw0/mqdefault.jpg)
B23
The 4 Stages of Adaptation [Culture Shock]
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1Erikson’s 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development Explained
University StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Рекомендуемое видео
B21
70 предложений
When an Anxious Attachment Dates an Avoidant
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
53 предложений
The Science of Early Childhood Development
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
68 предложений
Daddy Issues
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
150 предложений
Why We Can't Save Those We Love
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
198 предложений
The Invisible Effects Of Childhood Trauma | World-Leading Physician Gabor Mate
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
153 предложений
The Neuroscience of Love and Attachment: Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Dopamine's Role in Bonding
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
53 предложений
Gabor Maté – Authenticity vs. Attachment
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
132 предложений
The Root of Sorrow is Attachment by Anthony De Mello
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
56 предложений
love without attachment
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C113
65 предложений
How Your Childhood Influence The Way You Express Love (love styles)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
142 предложений
Your Parents Didn't Have Everything Figured Out Either | B2 English Shadowing
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C156
10 предложений
Why Unloved People Hate Themselves #shorts #selfcare
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Почему стоит практиковать разговор на основе этого видео?
Практика разговорного английского с использованием видео о теории привязанности предоставляет уникальную возможность улучшить не только навыки говорения, но и понимание глубоких психологических концепций. Зная, как детские привязанности могут влиять на наше поведение и общение, вы сможете не только обогатить свой словарный запас, но и глубже понять язык. Используя shadow speak, вы можете моделировать произношение и интонацию носителей языка, что способствует формированию уверенности в разговорной практике.
Грамматика и выражения в контексте
В видео используются несколько ключевых структур, которые полезны для изучения:
- "If our bonding is strong" - Здесь используется условное предложение, что помогает выразить зависимость одного события от другого.
- "People who are securely attached are said to" - Это конструкция определяет активное причастие, что расширяет возможности для обсуждения различных типов привязанности.
- "To understand the theory better, let's look at Mr and Ms Smith" - Эта фраза показывает, как вводить примеры для лучшего понимания материала.
Эти структуры можно практиковать, повторяя их в практике разговорного английского с другими учащимися или в личных записях.
Общие ошибки произношения
Некоторые слова и фразы в видео могут представлять собой сложности для изучающих английский язык:
- "Securely attached" - Обратите внимание на произношение слога "cu", который может быть трудно произнести мягко.
- "Ambivalent" - Долгое "i" в середине слова может вызывать ошибки, если не уделить ему достаточное внимание.
- "Disorganized" - Сложный для произношения, так как он содержит несколько слогов, которые могут запутать.
Регулярное повторение этих слов в shadow speech поможет вам избежать распространённых шаблонов ошибок.
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | are said · is formed · is called |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | People who are · genes, which can · those who said |
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.