ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: 041126 BBC London, Evening News
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1
Hello and welcome to BBC London, coming up this Wednesday evening.
2
The increasing use of live facial recognition in the capital.
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The policing minister tells this programme there'll be stronger safeguards to ensure it's used in a proportionate way.
4
There are a suite of crimes where we want to catch criminals.
5
We have to use it proportionately.
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We have to use it in an intelligence -led way.
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We'll hear from the Met and privacy campaigners.
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Also tonight, we go inside one of London's crumbling hospitals.
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But as you can see, these cracks have appeared on the walls, meaning it's not really safe to have them in here anymore.
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And it means that 13 of the 18 beds are now empty.
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Plus, feast your eyes on this, the art exhibition where the food is made entirely of wool. And...
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We're live here on Carnaby Street for the big Christmas light switch -on.
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And look how many people have turned out for it.
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Screaming with delight, the London school children welcoming a very special bear after a day of fundraising.
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Good evening to you.
16
We start tonight with the debate around live facial recognition and how it's used by police across the capital.
17
It's technology that maps a person's unique facial features and matches them against faces on watch lists.
18
Privacy campaigners criticise an escalation in its use.
19
The Met says it's making London safer.
20
Well today the policing minister told BBC London
21
and she promises there'll be stronger safeguards to ensure it's used in a proportionate way.
22
Here is our Home Affairs correspondent, Sonia Jessop.
23
The Met's been rapidly increasing its use of live facial recognition across London.
24
It says it's a vital crime -fighting tool, and in the last two years it's led to more than 3 ,000 arrests.
25
The government agrees, but says there must be safeguards on how it's used.
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For example, if I had an outstanding parking fine, I would not expect this technology to be used for that.
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There are a suite of crimes where we want to catch criminals.
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We have to use it proportionately.
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We have to use it in an intelligence -led way.
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Now, following a public consultation, she says there'll be new legislation put before
31
Parliament early next year and a new watchdog to check the rules are being followed.
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So as people are walking past the cameras, their faces are being scanned.
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If it's not a match for someone on the watch list, then the Met says their details are immediately and permanently deleted.
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And if it is, then officers on the street check that image on a handheld device for confirmation before making an approach.
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Earlier this year, the Met won a major legal battle against privacy campaigners challenging the technology.
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The High Court ruled the force had not broken human rights and privacy law.
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The Met's been pressing ahead with LFR, including a pilot here in Croydon using cameras fixed to lampposts instead of deploying a van.
38
Has the Met been going too far and too fast with this technology?
39
Well, we've been working very closely with people in the Home Office and other parts of government, but we've also been tested in the courts,
40
you know, a number of times, the High Court and the Court of Appeal.
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And the approach we've taken has been backed there.
42
We've not stayed just with those legal tests.
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We've used scientific tests, the National Physics Laboratory, to look at the questions of discrimination.
44
Whether that was present, they found it wasn't.
45
Campaigners, though, are not convinced.
46
Thousands of people have expressed their objection to the use of this technology, and the government have sat on those responses for over six months.
47
All the while, facial recognition has been rolled out in train stations and tube stations and shops and supermarkets.
48
Why should people have done absolutely nothing to arouse the suspicion of the authorities? have their identity biometrically checked.
49
Are you not playing catch -up to some degree, introducing this now?
50
Shouldn't it have this been done a long time ago?
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Well, I can only answer for my role as the policing minister.
52
In the last period, we've done a consultation and we're going to legislate.
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That's what we're going to do.
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I think because of the pace of new technology, we've seen this with some of the online technology as well.
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Technology moves very fast.
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We have to make sure the law keeps up with it, and that's exactly what we're going to do.
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The Met says it is confident any new legislation won't slow its approach down.
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Next month, it plans to roll out static cameras in the West End and next year, across London.
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And Sonia is here.
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Is this new legislation likely to change how the Met currently uses this technology?
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Well, of course, we don't yet know what this legislation might look like.
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It's not yet been put before Parliament.
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But I asked the policing minister, Sarah Jones, are you happy with the way the Met is currently using the technology?
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And she said they're doing a brilliant job.
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She pointed to that high court ruling, which found that they are operating within existing legislation.
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But she said currently it's a patchwork of laws and they want something much more specific.
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And what the public consultation has highlighted, she said, was concerns not over just how perhaps the technology is used now, but in the future, too.
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And not just police use of it, but also private businesses, because, of course, we've seen retailers using it to tackle shoplifting, haven't we?
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And so she said there's going to be a legal code of conduct for private businesses.
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A couple of months ago, viewers might remember
71
that Sainsbury suspended its use of LFR in one of its stores after a man was wrongly identified as a shoplifter.
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They say it was a human error.
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They say that they've improved training.
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They've reintroduced it there.
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The company FaceWatch, which provides the technology to retailers, it's told us today that it welcomes clear rules and independent oversight.
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It said it should improve public trust and confidence.
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But I think, yeah, Christmas shoppers, perhaps over the next few weeks,
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fairly soon, can expect to see those static cameras used by police rolled out in the West End.
79
OK.
80
With the latest on that, Sonia, thank you our Home Affairs correspondent, Sonia Jessup.
81
You're watching BBC London.
82
Plenty more ahead tonight, including what's going on with the weather.
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It may well be a relatively settled and quiet week of weather, but it is rather cloudy.
84
Grey skies across London today.
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Anti -cyclonic gloom is proving to be quite persistent under an area of high pressure.
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But will it brighten up as we head further through this week?
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I'll have the full forecast and all the details.
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URGENT CONCERNS HAVE BEEN RAISED OVER THE DETERIORATING CONDITION OF ONE OF LONDON'S HOSPITALS.
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SOME WARDS AT ST. HELIA ARE LYING EMPTY BECAUSE OF SIGNIFICANT CRACKS IN THE WALLS AND BROKEN LIFTS.
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PLANS FOR A NEW HOSPITAL IN NEARBY SUTTON WERE DELAYED BY THE GOVERNMENT LAST YEAR.
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THAT WON'T BE OPEN FOR ANOTHER 11 YEARS.
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THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE IS DUE TO MEET REPRESENTATIVES FROM THE GOVERNMENT'S NEW HOSPITAL PROGRAM TOMORROW.
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AHEAD OF THAT, our political editor
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Carl Mercer has been to have a look at the state of the buildings.
95
Opened in the 1940s
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St Heliop is starting to show its age once state -of -the -art buildings are starting to crumble.
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So much so that tomorrow the chief exec here will meet the government to call for urgent help and this is why.
98
So we're in something called the re -ablement unit
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it's meant for elderly patients who are on their way out
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of hospital just need to get a little bit better before they go
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but as you can see big cracks have started appearing on the walls
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which has meant the hospital has had to shut 13 out of the 18 beds and
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if you come outside you get a real idea literally of the depth of the problem
104
that's how far the stick goes into the wall
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and we're now on what should be a busy children's ward
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this area here normally be something like four patients being assessed at a time before treatment
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this would normally be a bustling
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and noisy children's room but the toys all abandoned
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because there are no patients here
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there would normally be something like 12 on the wards down here on the children's ward
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but again no one's here
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and this is the reason why this lift is out of service
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it will be until march it means floors two and three of the children's wards are now shut
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We're now up on the third floor of the children's unit, or what was the children's unit.
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This is the room where children would come before their operations have their anaesthetics.
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They'd then be wheeled in through here into the theatre
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and something like half a dozen children a day would come here for day surgery.
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But because the lift's not working, nor is the theatre.
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And that's on top of this building.
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Back in the summer, we reported on concerns about the Women's Health Unit over traces of Legionella found in the pipes here.
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A decision on what to do with the building, whether to move out altogether or to refit it floor by floor,
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expected to be made at the start of December.
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So, tomorrow the boss here will meet the team from the new hospital's programme.
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These, his thoughts today.
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We cannot keep spending millions on temporary repairs while the buildings around our patients and staff continue to deteriorate.
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Well I've met with staff from the hospital
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and they are working their socks off to deliver the best standard care they can
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but the buildings are really letting them down.
129
There are poor waterworks, there are cracks in the ceilings, it's really making it difficult for them to deliver the care they need
130
and we need a new building for them to be able to operate the best level of care.
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Plans for a new hospital in Sutton were delayed by the government last January.
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Originally due to open in 2030, the new date is 2037, leaving this the reality for now.
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Karl Mercer, BBC London.
134
Let me bring you a round -up now of some of the day's other stories.
135
A murder investigation is underway after footballer Ezekiel died following a suspected assault in Milton Keynes.
136
The 26 -year -old Hendon FC player was seriously injured early on Sunday and died in hospital on Monday.
137
Three men from Luton have been arrested.
138
London Fire Brigade
139
and the RSPCA are urging Londoners not to set off fireworks at home
140
this bonfire night due to a rising number of incidents and growing concerns for animal welfare.
141
The brigade says the number of firework -related calls have more than doubled since 2018.
142
Essex County Council has become the only authority to achieve an outstanding rating for its children's services three times in a row.
143
The latest inspection considered the experiences of children, young people and families across Essex and the effectiveness of support provided by the council and its partners.
144
And former West Ham captain Scott Parker has been confirmed as
145
the club's new head coach a day after Nuno Espirito Santo was sacked.
146
He has signed a two -and -a -half -year contract
147
and will be charged with getting the Hammers back into the Premier League, a feat he's achieved previously as manager of Fulham, Bournemouth and Burnley.
148
Now, sewage pollution is a recurring problem in London's waterways
149
and discharges in the River Thames have led to a legal challenge by a resident
150
and a rower who claim Richmond Council failed to investigate their formal complaints properly.
151
The council says it shares their anger and concerns and is considering its response to the legal action.
152
Chris Legg has the story.
153
So concerned is Suzanne about the sewage levels in the Thames around her houseboat
154
that she tests for E coli on a weekly basis.
155
When results showed consistently high levels, she put her name to a formal complaint to Richmond Council in December.
156
This river that is supposed to be at the heart of our lives, that's supposed to be accessible for everybody, actually in reality isn't.
157
And I'm not sure what other evidence I can give them to make this story compelling.
158
Because to me, if you're seeing data that shows there's E coli levels that are too high and you're hearing anecdotal evidence,
159
there's enough to warrant an investigation.
160
The council disagreed that there was a need to investigate.
161
So pointing to other evidence and the E coli levels,
162
environmental group River Action is backing Suzanne's claim that the pollution is a statutory nuisance,
163
something that would compel the council to investigate Thames water.
164
Those levels are consistently higher above the level that is viewed safe for swimming and for using the river.
165
There's also evidence of scum on the water and odours and first -hand accounts of rowers,
166
For example, he's become sick having used the water and got water into cuts or sores and then he's become very ill.
167
Suzanne is now one of two complainants launching a legal challenge to try to force Richmond Council to investigate Thames water.
168
Today, the council told us...
169
The Thames is at the heart of life in Richmond
170
and we understand and share the anger and concern about river pollution and its impact on our environment.
171
While we take our legal obligations seriously, we must also carefully consider whether there is sufficient evidence to support formal enforcement action at a time
172
when our finances are being placed under huge pressure by Whitehall funding cuts.
173
The council added that it is considering the action being taken by the complainants
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and that it will respond to them by the November the 10th deadline.
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It also said it believes water companies should invest in the infrastructure needed to tackle this pollution.
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We put that to thames water
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which said it would be inappropriate to comment for now suzanne
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will continue to test the water in the hope of a
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cleaner thames chris leg bbc london good to have you with
180
us still to come before the end of the program the
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delight of london school children welcoming a very special bear after a day of fundraising
182
and all lit up as carnaby
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street christmas lights are switched on before
184
that though three words i didn't think i'd be saying together knitted italian food
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because that's what this is dishes all made using knitting crochet and embroidery by a textile artist who's transformed a Soho gallery.
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into an Italian.
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So Alice Bandekravi went along to feast her eyes on lunch.
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At first glance, it's an everyday Italian deli restaurant, but look close up and you'll see none of it is edible, because it's made of wool.
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Where did you get this idea from?
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Why?
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So I've been creating sort of woolen wools for the last 20 -25 years,
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different exhibitions, food -based mainly.
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Italy's an amazing place for food and start there.
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It is an amazing place for food.
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We've got some great food.
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I think you've got spaghetti bolognese.
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It's actually spaghetti bolognese, yes.
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I stand corrected.
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Tell me what I've got.
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You've got a caprese fastitia, so it's a focaccia, but it's a knitted sandwich.
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Delicious.
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We've got a glass of Chianti.
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Chianti, yes, a hand -crocheted bottle of Chianti, and we have some woolen wine here.
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And some breadsticks.
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And glissini, yeah.
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And even the flour is made up.
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Even the flour, yes.
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Perfect table setting for us.
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It took Kate and her team around six months to knit and stitch what you see here, and what's on the menu is not cheap.
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some of these knits cost thousands of pounds and even
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if you're just a hobbyist this quiet pastime has a lot to offer says kate
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i'm noticing a lot of young younger people sort of taking
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it up i think thanks to sort of internet you know you can learn how to knit crochet
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and embroider online it's kind of the opposite of digital isn't it yes the ultimate analog past yeah
215
and i think i think
216
You know, people are sort of so just wanting to have that kind of connection again with,
217
you know, with physical making things rather than seeing something that's digitally produced.
218
And I think that's really important to kind of still have that connectivity with craft and art.
219
So if you want to feast on some Italian delicacies, albeit of the crocheted kind,
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Kate's Nitalian in Soho is open for the next five weeks.
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Alice Bandukravi, BBC London.
222
some other stories on bbc news support for new writers fleabag creator
223
and actress phoebe wallabridge is offering a rent -free flat to
224
playwrights plus to recognize these the search to find the owners
225
of photos discovered in a car in essex more than 50 years ago
226
and flying the flag for the recorder the st albans teenager
227
runner -up in the bbc young musician of the year for those
228
and other local stories just check out the bbc news app of course
229
it may only be the beginning of november
230
but christmas has arrived at one of london's famous shopping areas
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carnaby street has just switched on its lights kicking off the
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festive season in the heart of soho our reporter alpa patel is there too good evening to you
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well if london needed a sign
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that it was christmas this is it i know what you're going to say
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that it's only november we haven't even had bonfire night have we
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but a few moments ago the lights on carnaby street were
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switched on in it was a blaze really a lot of multi -colored lights lots of fireworks
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and tens of thousands of people turned out for it
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and the man who actually switched on the lights pop star jamie miller also performed after the lights switch on
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and now he's got a uk chart single
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and he's at number one uh still at the moment
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he performed on strictly come dancing uh just over a week ago
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and he's riding that wave
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and i'm grateful to say he joins me now Jamie hello how's
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it going yeah how are you how was the switch on
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is it like such a dream come true to like be a part of something
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so iconic I used to watch this all the time
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so to be invited back
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and do this is my my life is just
250
I don't know what's going on right now I strictly come dancing how is
251
that is it is a dream come true
252
I feel like my life right now it just feels like a dream
253
and I'm just like I'm really enjoying it it feels for me
254
so we're here to talk about christmas yeah are you a christmas it's not soon enough
255
or too soon man i'm i'm christmas through
256
and through like the minute halloween's over christmas
257
so just to be i i love it i love christmas
258
and what did you think of the crowds here
259
because there was a lot of people here today people honestly
260
i just i feel like i'm pinching myself every day this is carnaby street you know what i'm saying
261
so just very excited very excited and tens of thousands of people singing your song
262
Yeah, I don't, I can't compute.
263
It's like, I'm from Wales.
264
This doesn't make sense, but very excited.
265
How are you spending Christmas this year?
266
I'm going to be going back home to Cardiff with my family.
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just couched up on the couch just having some family time it's been it's been an insane few months
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so i'm just excited to see my family and
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so the lights have been switched on here
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but what what what big things have you got planned for december oh a few big things
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that i can't speak about right now
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but i go back to america uh tomorrow
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and then back here i'm doing something very exciting on the first week of december
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so gets announced tomorrow well jamie miller i hope you enjoy Christmas.
275
Thank you very much for speaking to us here on BBC London.
276
Now, you might be thinking, Christmas lights, this is one of the first on Carnaby Street, but there's plenty more to come.
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There's Regent Street on November the 5th, Bond Street on November the 5th, Covent Garden on November the 12th,
278
and Trafalgar Square is coming to you on December the third.
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So there might be 51 days until Christmas, but here on Carnaby Street,
280
the festivities are definitely underway.
281
You had to tell us in days, didn't you?
282
Alpha, thanks very much.
283
Yes, Christmas night season definitely upon us.
284
But before that, of course, we are just over a week away until children in need night.
285
Lots of school children have already been fundraising by running, walking or rolling two miles a day for two weeks to complete a marathon.
286
Toulouse Adelier went along to see how one
287
North London school was getting on, including being surprised by an unexpected visitor, I'm pretty sure.
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You can guess who.
289
Running, walking and rolling for Pudsey.
290
These kids at Meridian Angels Primary School in Edmonton have been challenging themselves to raise money for children in need.
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We've split the playground into loads of sections.
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We've got our tyre rolling, we have our walking tracks and then we have our running tracks as well.
293
So it's how long they can do it for.
294
And it's just all about wearing our yellow and getting that money for children in need.
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And how have they all been doing?
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They're doing amazing.
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I've just been with the four and five -year -olds
298
and they have pretty much outran me for the whole of the time doing it.
299
So, no, I'm very impressed with them.
300
So what have you enjoyed doing most today?
301
I'm rolling the tyres.
302
Why?
303
because you are just working with your teammates and stuff.
304
I like doing fundraising because I like helping people.
305
I think about children in need as children that may be going through things such as poverty and also when we donate,
306
it's not just one donation, it's donations from all the schools in the country.
307
The kids have been so busy enjoying themselves with all these activities but we've got a little surprise for them.
308
Let's see the reaction when a special guest pops up.
309
What did you guys think when Pudsy turned up?
310
Very happy and overwhelmed a bit.
311
I think everyone was excited because Pudsy is the bear that helps with donations.
312
Today's event also included a visit from local rapper and school favourite Shocker.
313
Are we ready?
314
He pens this rap for the occasion.
315
I'm with BBC Children in Need and it's our responsibility to give the children what they need.
316
We need to make sure they read because education is key.
317
And if they've got dreams, we need to make sure they believe that it's possible to achieve.
318
And it's going to take a whole community to make sure that they succeed.
319
We've got to be their main supporters.
320
These are our brothers.
321
These are our sisters.
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These are our sons.
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These are our daughters.
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These are future authors, future leaders, future prime ministers, future teachers.
325
And as much as we need the children, I want you to know that the children need us.
326
Children they need.
327
Make some noise, please!
328
There's still plenty of time to raise money for charities leading up to Children in Need Day next Friday.
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To loa de oe, BBC London.
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Every time kids see the bear.
331
And Pudzi is challenging
332
you to join in with his Run for Pudzi campaign ahead of Children in Need Night on Friday 13th November.
333
Find out more, including how to sign up, by visiting bbc .co .uk forward slash run for Pudzi.
334
Well, let's get a check on the weather now, shall we, with Kate.
335
And it definitely feels chillier out there.
336
It is chilly, isn't it?
337
We've had this northeasterly breeze for much of this week, and that's what's been bringing the temperature down.
338
High pressure, though, is in charge.
339
Now, sometimes high pressure means water will, sunshine, it's bright, it's cold, it's crisp.
340
But this week, sadly not.
341
We've got an area of clouds stuck underneath it, as you can see here.
342
The moisture coming in originally from the North Sea.
343
Now, it hasn't been too wet today, one or two drops of rain.
344
But this is the high pressure to the north of us around the outside, that northeasterly.
345
That colder flow of air, and that's where the moisture's coming from as well.
346
Now, it continues in the same vein overnight tonight.
347
Nothing really changes.
348
A few showers mixed into the cloud as well.
349
Still fairly breezy, but the wind is going to gradually fall a bit lighter through the night.
350
Minimum temperature between 7 and 9 Celsius.
351
Now, you can see the wind more an easterly breeze as we head into Thursday.
352
Now, we've still got the cloud coming in.
353
Through the afternoon, there is a potential for a little bit more brightness, especially further east you are,
354
so maybe a little glimpse of something brighter there.
355
Temperatures, though, still chilly, 10 or 11 Celsius.
356
You'll notice the breeze, though, that bit lighter.
357
Now, it's bonfire night tomorrow night, obviously, so we've got light winds in the forecast for the evening,
358
areas of cloud, but I think we might get a few clearer spells as well.
359
It's chilly and mostly dry.
360
Now, I think it will be dry for the evening when most people are out watching the fireworks.
361
It'll be later on on Thursday night that that rain will start to come in from the south.
362
Not a huge amount, but you might just get the odd spot, as you can see, coming up from the south and the continent.
363
Temperatures overnight tomorrow between 6 and 7 Celsius.
364
Now, as we head towards the end of the week, we've still got the cloud for Friday.
365
Again, could just get a little bit of light rain coming up from the south through the course of Friday itself.
366
It is going to stay grey.
367
It's going to stay overcast.
368
The temperature is staying very similar as well.
369
We're looking at a maximum 10 or 11 Celsius.
370
But notice again that wind, that bit lighter.
371
With the light winds as we head through these evenings and overnight, we might just be waking up to misty and murky starts.
372
Friday morning, potentially on Saturday morning as well, could be a little bit more stubborn.
373
You'll notice, though, the temperature staying very similar, 10, 11 Celsius.
374
It is going to feel chilly.
375
By the time we get to Sunday, however, the cloud might just start to break as the high pressure shifts.
376
So we may see the return of just a little bit of sunshine.
377
I heard the word sunshine.
378
Kate, thank you.
379
And that is it from us.
380
So thank you very much for watching.
381
If you missed it yesterday, head to our Instagram to see the teams cracking down on fare dodgers on the transport network.
382
And on our website, find out which 70s band is going to headline London's New Year's Day parade.
383
I know that's less than two months away now from me and everyone on the team here.
384
Do enjoy your evening.
385
Bye bye.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “041126 BBC London, Evening News” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 385 ประโยค และ 4611 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 27:37 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 167 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| cloud คำนาม | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | เมฆ |
| recognition คำนาม | /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ | การจำได้ |
| privacy คำนาม | /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ | ความเป็นส่วนตัว |
| investigate คำกริยา | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/ | สืบ, สืบสวน |
| pollution คำนาม | /pəˈluʃən/ | มลภาวะ, มลพิษ |
| chili คำนาม | /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ | พริก |
| knit คำกริยา | /nɪt/ | ถัก |
| sunshine คำนาม | /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/ | แดด, แสงอาทิตย์ |
| consultation คำนาม | /ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/ | การปรึกษา, การหารือ |
| feast คำนาม | /ˈfiːst/ | งานฉลอง |
| breeze คำนาม | /bɹiːz/ | ลมโชย |
| anger คำนาม | /ˈæŋɡə/ | วิโรธ |
| delay คำนาม | /dɪˈleɪ̯/ | ดีเลย์ |
| complaint คำนาม | /kəmˈpleɪnt/ | ร้องเรียน |
| urgent คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈɜː.d͡ʒənt/ | ด่วน |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| go back คำกริยา | กลับไป |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- We've not stayed just with those legal tests.
- Are you not playing catch -up to some degree, introducing this now?
- That's what we're going to do.
- Where did you get this idea from?
- You had to tell us in days, didn't you?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | Met's been pressing · we've been working · I've been creating |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | have appeared · have turned · Met's been |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | is made · be used · being followed |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 90 ครั้ง เช่น we've, I'm, we're ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: marathon /ˈmæɹəθən/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: facial /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/, sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/, consultation /ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, consultation /ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, correspondent /ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈspɑn.dənt/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: facial /ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/, formal /ˈfɔɹməl/, breeze /bɹiːz/, tackle /ˈtækəl/, wool /wʊl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: privacy /ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/, overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/, everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/, poverty /ˈpɑːvɚti/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: fundraising /ˈfʌndˌɹeɪzɪŋ/, breeze /bɹiːz/, resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/, visitor /ˈvɪzɪtɚ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง cloud, recognition, privacy เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ