Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Mike Rowe: Why The Skills Gap And Job Shortage Persists
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Looking for a job?
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Well, the U .S has plenty, but not enough people to fill them, apparently.
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According to the recent JOLTS survey, there were 6 .66 million open jobs in June.
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Industries like construction and manufacturing have a tough time finding skilled labor in this tight labor market.
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It's affecting the housing market, for example.
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Our next guest's charity recently donated $600 ,000 to individuals pursuing a skilled trade
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and he knows a thing or two about tough jobs.
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Of course, with us, our friend Mike Rowe, the host of Somebody's Gotta Do It.
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He's the head of Mike Rowe Works and former host of Dirty Jobs.
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Michael, always good to see you.
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Welcome back.
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Nice to be here.
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Thanks for having me.
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Why are we in a situation now where we have this disconnect?
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There are a lot of jobs out there.
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They're scrambling to find workers, but there are still people looking for jobs at this point.
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What's your take on that?
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Because the definition of a good job is completely within our purview to define.
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But we almost never do it in a way that's an accurate representation of the times that we're currently living in.
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So in my view, when I started Microworks, it was 2008 on Labor Day.
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There were 2 .3 million jobs, according to the feds, that existed at that point in time.
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Of those jobs, 75 % did not require a four -year degree.
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They required training.
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So even at the height of the recession, when the headline news was all about unemployment, everywhere I was going, I saw help wanted signs.
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So for me, the disconnect really began around the issue of PR.
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What does an aspirational good job look like in 2008?
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So today it's 2018.
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Ten years have gone by we have, as you say, 6 .6 million available jobs, proving perhaps that I've done more harm than good.
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I don't really have a pithy answer for you, but I can tell you this.
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Everything is politicized today, including the skills gap.
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The existence of 6 .6 million jobs is a very inconvenient truth for a lot of people who believe
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that opportunity is dead.
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And so what happens is when we try
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and talk about the existence of this much opportunity half the country will say well it's
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because the jobs are lousy or employers are greedy
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and don't pay enough and the other half will say it's
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because people are fundamentally lazy
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and don't want to work both missed the point the opportunities are real
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and they're there
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and I've done my best to reward them every year there's
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been a real societal push for everybody to get a college degree hasn't there I'm old
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when i was in high school i went to school in new hampshire big libertarian state
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and the guidance counselors would tell some kids don't go to
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college go to community college go learn how to fix a
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car go do this trade school go to a trade school i doubt
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that happens i don't know if it probably still happens in new hampshire
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but i doubt
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that happens in a lot of part of the country it
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doesn't you're right it's been those kind of jobs have been minimized
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and and they shouldn't be they're so crucial
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and satisfying you're talking about the part of our labor force that keeps the lights on, keeps the plumbing working.
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You know, we're talking about jobs, not classic manufacturing jobs, although they fall under that rubric.
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You're really talking about jobs that can't be outsourced.
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The opportunities that my foundation looks for goes beyond guidance counselors and beyond parents and beyond peer pressure.
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We're just trying to reward work ethic because I've always believed and still believe that it's still very much for sale.
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And if you find a kid who's willing to show up early stay late
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and actually learn a skill that's in demand then
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that opportunity simply there's never been a better time to be an ambitious well -trained plumber
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so you'll see for yourself
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if you need one call one see how long it takes to get and they're expensive they pay well
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so so mike where should
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that public relations campaign for the good job of 2018 where should
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that originate from should it be the private sector should it
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be the government i mean I don't want to politicize this either
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but somebody's got to start saying hey you know what take a look at these jobs
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and guys we might give you the training for it as well.
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Anybody who's got skin in the game.
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So obviously elected officials have a role to play in this
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and so does the private sector and so do parents and so do guidance counselors.
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There was a campaign I bet you remember this.
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Remember the Indian on the side of the road?
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Yep.
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Weeping right?
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That was a very, very effective, maybe the most effective PR campaign of all time.
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And it came out of Keep America Beautiful.
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Long before green was a thing, our country had a horrible littering problem.
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We just left our stuff behind everywhere.
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We needed a concerted effort to redefine our collective relationship with littering.
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The country now needs a concerted effort to redefine its collective relationship with the definition of a good job.
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and so there's not a there's not a glib answer it has to happen on a lot of different fronts
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but that campaign keep america beautiful 1953
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that was the result of a consortium there was federal money
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but coca -cola was involved big businesses were involved and concerned individuals
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and together they actually moved the needle the problem is it
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really took about 12 to 15 years before anything demonstrably happened
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right turning a tanker around exactly you're talking about perception
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so the short answer is everybody all the time for the next decade there I'm glad we solved
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that no problem happy to help
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Video này có 88 câu và 988 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 5:36. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 176 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. 86% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| reward danh từ | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | tặng thưởng, thưởng |
| harm danh từ | /hɑːm/ | hại |
| charity danh từ | /ˈtʃæɹɪti/ | từ thiện |
| worker danh từ | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | công nhân |
| solve động từ | /sɒlv/ | giải quyết |
| representation danh từ | /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/ | sự đại diện |
| lazy tính từ | /ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/ | lười biếng, lười |
| employer danh từ | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | chủ, cai thầu |
| unemployment danh từ | /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ | sự thất nghiệp |
| perception danh từ | /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/ | tri giác |
| donate động từ | /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ | quyên góp |
| elect động từ | /ɪˈlɛkt/ | bầu, tuyển cử |
| headline danh từ | /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ | tiêu đề |
| needle danh từ | /ˈniː.dəl/ | kim |
| satisfy động từ | /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ | thỏa mãn, thoả mãn |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 28 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ don't, they're, you're. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: ethic /ˈɛθ.ɪk/, pithy /ˈpɪθi/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/, relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, perception /pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/, ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: representation /ˌɹɛp.ɹə.zɛnˈteɪ.ʃən/, unemployment /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/, consortium /kənˈsɔː.ti.əm/, libertarian /ˌlɪbɚˈtɛə̯ɹi.ən/, politicize /pəˈlɪtɪˌsaɪz/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như reward, harm, charity.
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | have gone · I've done · have been minimized |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | is politicized · have been minimized · can't be outsourced |
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.