跟讀練習: SOCRATE - Philosopher par le dialogue - 通過影片學習英語口語
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117 句
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Socrates never wrote anything.
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He professed a exclusively oral teaching, And all that we know of his thoughts has been reported by his disciples, in which Platon was given,
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the author of "Dialogues Socratiques" which makes, by the way, It is sometimes difficult to differentiate what relates to Plato's thoughts or Socrates,
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But still is it that The majority of the texts of Platon are the "mises in scene" of the dialogue of Socrate.
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Socrate was first the king of provocation.
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and the provocation was part of its method.
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of his philosophy, And when I talk about provocation, I want to talk about provocation in the literal sense.
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provoquer quelque chose, C create conditions for this thing to lie.
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provoquer quelque chose, It's the fact MRG.
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It leads to its event.
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So the provocation is perhaps the word that sums up the best the philosophical practice of Socrates, tell qu 'elle se traduit à travers la maïotique.
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So as I said, Socrate has never written any books.
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It was not his way to do philosophy.
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"Ecrire des livres".
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Lui, They preferred to express themselves by conversation.
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by the discussion, by dialogue.
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He went to meet his citizens, Sur l 'Agora ?
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and he would entame the discussion with them on a subject or on another.
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And at this moment, He was going to put it in the middle of the day.
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The thought in action.
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He made the thought alive through dialogue.
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It's to say that writing a book, It's exposing a thought of a fixed thought.
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A thought about it or supposedly abouties.
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A book is supposed to say that what is written is true.
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and that the reader has no longer to read for instruction.
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Autrement dit, There is in the philosophical book something very dogmatic.
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And for Socrate, the dogmatism is precisely the antithesis of philosophy.
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The philosophy cannot be expositioned.
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It can't be something that we expose and that we have no longer to ingurgitate.
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It's not that thought.
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The nature of the thought is to be in movement.
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It's always being built.
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in the way to create.
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For Socrate, the thought is a process.
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The idea is to say that we don't pass directly from ignorance to knowledge.
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We go through the steps, we go through the stages of knowledge, and each stage will lead to the next stage.
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In the same way that when we learn math, we don't directly learn the second degree equations.
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We start to learn how to count.
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the positive numbers, And then we learn to add the numbers.
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multiply, All right, divisez.
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And so, from step by step, we arrive at mathematiques complex and abstract.
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All learning is supposed to be steps.
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And these steps need time.
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They need to distance to what we learn.
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Or for Socrate?
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It is through dialogue that this distance of the thought can have a place.
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And so, the dialogue appears as the best way to access the knowledge.
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We will develop this idea in this video, but I would like you to remember this: For Socrates,
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The exercise of the thought is an exercise of the thought.
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L 'exercice de la pensée, It goes through the "mise in practice" of the thought.
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And the practice of thinking is the formulation of the thinking, the verbalization of the thinking.
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Autrement dit, La pensée en action, c 'est la pensée qui s 'exprime.
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It's the thought in movement through dialogue.
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For Socrates, it's the dialogue that allows the truth to be.
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The truth is not a "list of annonces" a list of affirmations,
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It's a process by which we replace our beliefs by knowledge.
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And to come and get rid of our beliefs by knowledge, We need an interlocutor.
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we need someone who will react to what we believe is true.
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when we are all alone thinking about what we think.
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we don't have a return to what we think.
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which means that we can very well turn in a circle in our own own beliefs without ever going to go out.
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even with the best will of the world.
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We always need a reference.
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We always need an external point of view.
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The exterior point of view is the same.
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It's what will allow us to make a return to our own thoughts.
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It's what will allow us to enlarge our consciousness.
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The consciousness can only be able to take care of the external points.
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Otherwise, by the point of view which are not the nôtre.
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There is no progress in the conscience, there is no elevation in the conscience, if there is no moment or another, in the way of being taken into account of the point of view of the other.
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And the fact is that we are not able of understanding the point of view of autrui, if we don't confront ourselves.
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if we don't have to do anything with someone.
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in our expression expression.
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When you ask someone advice, We are well aware that it does not mean that you will let the other think about your place.
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It means that you have a conscience that you don't have all the information.
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There may be an angle of view that you hit.
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And it's normal.
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Because we don't have all angles of view.
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Our angles of view, They are the fruit of our personal life,
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of our experience, of 1001 factors that have made our way of thinking.
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Our way of thinking is, She is façonned by our living.
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And when we take a conscience of that, When we understand that we don't have a science infuse, that we don't have the omniscience.
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At this moment, we understand the role absolutely indispensable of the other in the construction of our thinking.
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And that's what he believed in Socrates.
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the idea that we needed the other to get into the consciousness.
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to make progress our thinking.
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D 'ailleurs, I'm going to say it in parentheses.
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It's a good time today.
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of consider that each has its own truth.
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For Socrate, like for Platon, It doesn't exist.
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We don't have each our own truth.
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Because, by definition, the truth, "Elle est une".
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and it is universal.
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So each one has a truth, it doesn't have a sense.
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It's not each one's truth, it's each one's conception of truth.
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And that's very different.
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It's very different because it puts in place the notion of subjectivity of knowledge.
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The subjectivity of the knowledge doesn't mean that the truth is personal.
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It means that each one has a look on the truth.
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A bit like when you are on the road, and at a moment you have a panel that indicates a point of view.
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You can stop at the end of the road and take advantage of a point of view on the landscape.
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But from this point of view, It's your point of view.
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and the people who are on the other side of the hill that you are looking at, these people have another point of view.
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And it's the synthesis of all the views that, in a certain way, are the truth.
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The truth is trans subjective.
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It's the synthesis of subjectivity.
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It's not the subjectivity itself.
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The truth is not our point of view.
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When you look at a "d", You don't see a "D".
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You can see all the more three faces of the day.
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Make an experience!
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Look at the day.
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and you will see that you only see three faces of the day.
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Of course you know that the other faces exist, but you can't see them all at the same time.
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That's the problem with subjectivity.
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The problem of subjectivity is the problem that you have to do another subjectivity to respond.
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And to complete, your own subjectivity.
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為什麼通過這個影片練習口語？
與影片中的內容進行口語練習能夠幫助您全方位提升英語能力。蘇格拉底的對話哲學強調交流與思考的結合，使得學習者在實踐中更深入地理解語言的運用。通過模仿影片中蘇格拉底與他人對話的方式，學習者可以提升自己的口語表達能力，同時理解更深層次的哲學思想。這種方法不僅能幫助您提高英語發音，還能增強您對語言的敏感度，幫助您在雅思口語練習中取得更好成績。
語法與表達在上下文中的應用
- 對話體結構：蘇格拉底強調通過對話交流思想，這種結構在學習英語中非常重要。模仿這樣的對話能夠增強學習者的互動性和隱喻性表達能力。
- 疑問句的運用：他經常使用疑問句來引導對方思考，例如：“您認為……嗎？”這種結構在日常交流中極為常見，能夠幫助您在對話中引發討論。
- 反問技巧：蘇格拉底使用反問的方式挑戰對方的觀點，例如：“如果……那我們該如何解釋？”這一技巧可以助您在交談中提供更有深度的見解，提高您在雅思口語中的表現。
常見發音難點
在影片中，某些詞彙的發音可能對學習者而言比較棘手。例如：
- 思想（Sīxiǎng）：需要注意聲調的變化，以確保清晰傳達。
- 哲學（Zhéxué）：此詞在連讀時可能讓人感到困難，建議反覆練習，提高您的發音準確性。
- 討論（Tǎolùn）：此詞中包含的聲母發音較為複雜，我們建議您進行shadow speech練習，以掌握正確的發音。
通過堅持進行這些練習，您不僅能提高英語發音，還可以絕對增強與他人進行深入交流的能力，為您的雅思口語提供更堅實的基礎。利用shadowspeaks等資源，您可以進一步進行有效的shadowing練習，讓您在學習中取得更大的提升。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | has been reported · is written · cannot be expositioned |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has been reported · has never written · have made |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | someone who will · view which are · people who are |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。