跟读练习: Michael Swan: How to explain grammar (Part 3/6) - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Talking about grammar, I find it useful to divide teaching into three parts.
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Talking about grammar, I find it useful to divide teaching into three parts.
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And for me, there are the three Xs,
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explanations and examples and exercises.
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First thing I want to say is that these are by no means equal.
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Two of those Xs, explanations and examples, are input.
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One of them, exercises, is output.
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what the students do.
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And we all know perfectly well that students learn mostly from what they're doing,
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much less from what we do.
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So we need to give them explanations and examples.
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But for me, the more economical we can make those,
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the more time and space we can devote to exercises,
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the third X, the better.
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All right, first X.
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What makes a good explanation?
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As I said, I like it to be economical.
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short and simple.
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It's nice if explanations are clear,
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but actually quite a lot of the terminology that's used in grammar teaching,
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words like definite, for instance,
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is much more fuzzy than we realize.
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We need to be sure that words mean the same inside our heads,
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students' heads, on the book page, that they're clear.
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What else is good?
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Well, we don't want stuff to be grey.
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Colour and visual support are obvious things we want.
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So, diagrams.
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Colour used not just to be pretty,
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but to highlight a structural contrast is something that I've tried to work with a lot.
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We all do this from time to time.
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Instead of teaching the students,
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telling the students something, we give them some examples and they work out the rule.
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I think this is useful up to a point.
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It's hard for the students to do.
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If you do it too much,
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then they get tired and it takes a long time.
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when it's done I think it needs quite careful support like that.
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If you just give students the examples and no other help 25 students will come up with 25 different rules all wrong.
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So they do need a certain amount of support
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but that kind of work as we all know can be motivating and useful.
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What else?
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It's almost irrelevant in this particular setting but where possible explanations should be in the students mother tongue.
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People teaching one lot of monolingual students in the country where their language is spoken
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often believe that you should avoid the mother tongue at all costs.
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There's an ancient dogma about this,
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don't ever use the mother tongue, don't translate.
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That has no theoretical support whatever, no research support.
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It's very old and discredited dogma,
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but lots of teachers still believe that.
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Don't use the mother tongue.
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That's my first explanation.
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关于本课
在这一课中，学习者将练习如何通过有效的语法解释、例句和练习来提高英语水平。我们将讨论如何找出良好的语法解释，并学习如何使用实例来帮助学生自主发现语法规则。此外，强调了在教学中使用母语的必要性，为学生提供更完整的理解。通过本课程的学习，您将能够更流利地运用英语，同时提升您在雅思口语练习中的表现。
关键词汇与短语
- 经济的解释 - 指简短、清晰且有效的语法说明。
- 示例 - 用于帮助学生理解并自我发现语法规则的例句。
- 练习 - 学生通过实际操作来巩固所学知识的活动。
- 母语 - 学生使用的第一语言，此处强调其在教学中的重要性。
- 图示 - 通过视觉支持增强理解的手段，如图表或颜色对比。
- 动机 - 学习过程中的激励因素，能够提升学生的参与感和兴趣。
- 模糊 - 形容某些术语的定义不够明确，可能导致误解。
- 规则 - 语法结构的条款或原则，学生需要掌握的内容。
练习建议
在进行英语影子跟读时，建议您选择本视频的片段进行模仿。在重复录音时，请留意讲者的语调和语速，以便尽量做到贴合。在学习的过程中，可以尝试分段练习，集中注意力在每一个解释和例子的逻辑结构上。可以在理解句子的意义后，再进行shadow speech练习，以确保不仅在发音上达到标准，同时也能够把握语法的用法。
此外，建议在练习时使用母语帮助自己理解复杂的概念，尤其是在解析语法规则时。通过这样的方式，您不仅能加强对更复杂句子的理解，还会提高自己的口语表达能力，为将来的雅思口语练习打下坚实的基础。不断重复练习，您会发现自己的流利度和自信心逐渐提高。无论是在班级中还是个人学习，shadow speak是提升英语口语的重要工具。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。