Shadowing-Übung: What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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A lot of people think that somehow gaining knowledge about the world and how the world works detracts from its mystery, detracts from its beauty.
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Ignorance is bliss.
Unwissenheit ist Seligkeit.
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Quite the opposite.
Ganz im Gegenteil.
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The more we understand, the more we can appreciate, the more we can find wonder.
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Whereas remaining in ignorance, that's just darkness, that's just confusion.
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Knowledge, understanding, enlightenment are always better than ignorance.
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My name's Jim Al -Khalili, I'm a professor of physics at the University of Surrey.
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My most recent book is called The World According to Physics.
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I tend to think of our knowledge of the universe and of reality like an island.
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The interior of the island is the well -established science that we know very well.
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The shoreline around the island, that's the limits of our understanding.
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And beyond it is the ocean of the unknown.
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Of course, we don't know whether that ocean goes on forever.
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As we gain in our knowledge and our understanding, the island is growing in size, so we're reaching out.
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We can take a paddle out into the water to see some of the mysteries
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that we're trying to tackle now that we still don't understand.
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But we don't know how much further our understanding needs to go.
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There are certain questions that we have always asked about ourselves, about the world, that transcend science.
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They're certainly the big questions in science today, but they've been questions we've been asking for millennia.
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Who am I?
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Where is my place in the universe?
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What is the nature of self?
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Where did we come from?
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There may be questions that we'll never find answers to, but that is the nature of humanity,
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the nature of humankind, that we want the answers to some of these deep questions.
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There's this notion that somehow scientists have this sterile,
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clinical, logical, rational view of the world that leaves no room for mystery and awe and magic and wonder.
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On the contrary, Everything I learn about how the world is tells me it's full of magic and wonder.
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The idea that Newton discovered
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that the invisible force pulling the apple down to the ground
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is exactly the same force keeping the moon in orbit around the Earth is utterly profound.
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It's utterly awe -inspiring.
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I remember as a student sitting in a lecture being told about the equations of electromagnetism.
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The professor wrote down equations on the board he went through lines of algebra
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and arrived at a new equation and in that equation was a number and he said, and that is the speed of light.
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And that tells you that light is an electromagnetic wave.
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I remember sitting there and, you know, even as I'm telling you this now, I have that same shiver going down my spine.
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There's wonder wherever we look.
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It's the opposite of sterile, rational, cold, analytical thinking.
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It's often said that the more we know about the workings of the universe, the more we don't know.
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So our growing understanding really tells us about our growing ignorance.
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That is not to say that we haven't come a long way.
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We do know a lot about the building blocks of matter, about the nature of space and time.
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We now know how many elements there are
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that make up the world we have the periodic table of
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elements we now know why those elements are classified the way they are
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because of the way electrons arrange themselves around atoms the rest
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you could argue is down in the fine nitty -gritty detail and it may well be that
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some of the ideas we have today turn out to be
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wrong 10 20 years from now i probably wouldn't be saying something too different to what i'm saying today
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but 100 years from now
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and certainly a thousand years from now I may look back on the gym of the early 21st century
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and think that I was just as naive as as the medieval scholars who thought the sun orbited the earth.
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I think a lot of scientists are realizing
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that having this silo mentality of having expertise in one field to address some of the big questions simply isn't enough.
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We're getting ever more interdisciplinary.
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I'm a physicist, so I would argue that physics is of course the best way of learning about the world.
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It's an arrogant view and I think it's not exactly true.
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It's not going to address questions like complex human behavior in society or psychology or the workings of the human brain,
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but it addresses these fundamental questions.
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What everything is made of, how everything works.
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We don't know whether we will ever, one day, know everything about the nature of reality.
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And in a way, that's nice, that's exciting.
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It's frustrating, yet beautiful, that we may never have all the answers.
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There's this wonderful quote by Douglas Adams, I take the awe of understanding over the awe of ignorance any day.
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Thank you.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 66 Sätze und 828 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 5:24. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 154 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 85 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| ignorance Substantiv | /ˈɪɡ.nɚ.əns/ | Unwissenheit, Unwissen |
| equation Substantiv | /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/ | Ausgleich, Gleichgewicht |
| element Substantiv | /ˈɛləmənt/ | Element |
| mystery Substantiv | /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ | Geheimnis, Rätsel |
| physics Substantiv | /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ | Physik |
| argue Verb | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | diskutieren, erörtern |
| scientist Substantiv | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | Wissenschaftler, Wissenschaftlerin |
| rational Adjektiv | /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ | vernünftig, sinnvoll |
| orbit Substantiv | /ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ | Umlaufbahn, Orbit |
| establish Verb | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ | feststellen, etablieren |
| whereas | /(h)wɛɹˈæz/ | wohingegen, wogegen |
| discover Verb | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | entdecken |
| arrive Verb | /əˈɹaɪv/ | ankommen, einlangen |
| fundamental Adjektiv | /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/ | grundlegend, fundamental |
| humanity Substantiv | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | Menschheit |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| go down Verb | absteigen, hinabsteigen | |
| make up Verb | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | wiedergutmachen, kompensieren |
| reach out Verb | wegstrecken, die Hand ausstrecken | |
| write down Verb | aufschreiben |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 19 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel don't, I'm, we're. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, notion /ˈnoʊʃən/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/, mentality /mɛnˈtæləti/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie ignorance, equation, element.
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | is called · being told · are classified |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | have always asked · they've been · haven't come |
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.