शैडोइंग अभ्यास: What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
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66 वाक्य
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A lot of people think that somehow gaining knowledge about the world and how the world works detracts from its mystery, detracts from its beauty.
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Ignorance is bliss.
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Quite the opposite.
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The more we understand, the more we can appreciate, the more we can find wonder.
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Whereas remaining in ignorance, that's just darkness, that's just confusion.
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Knowledge, understanding, enlightenment are always better than ignorance.
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My name's Jim Al -Khalili, I'm a professor of physics at the University of Surrey.
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My most recent book is called The World According to Physics.
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I tend to think of our knowledge of the universe and of reality like an island.
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The interior of the island is the well -established science that we know very well.
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The shoreline around the island, that's the limits of our understanding.
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And beyond it is the ocean of the unknown.
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Of course, we don't know whether that ocean goes on forever.
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As we gain in our knowledge and our understanding, the island is growing in size, so we're reaching out.
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We can take a paddle out into the water to see some of the mysteries
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that we're trying to tackle now that we still don't understand.
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But we don't know how much further our understanding needs to go.
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There are certain questions that we have always asked about ourselves, about the world, that transcend science.
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They're certainly the big questions in science today, but they've been questions we've been asking for millennia.
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Who am I?
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Where is my place in the universe?
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What is the nature of self?
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Where did we come from?
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There may be questions that we'll never find answers to, but that is the nature of humanity,
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the nature of humankind, that we want the answers to some of these deep questions.
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There's this notion that somehow scientists have this sterile,
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clinical, logical, rational view of the world that leaves no room for mystery and awe and magic and wonder.
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On the contrary, Everything I learn about how the world is tells me it's full of magic and wonder.
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The idea that Newton discovered
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that the invisible force pulling the apple down to the ground
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is exactly the same force keeping the moon in orbit around the Earth is utterly profound.
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It's utterly awe -inspiring.
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I remember as a student sitting in a lecture being told about the equations of electromagnetism.
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The professor wrote down equations on the board he went through lines of algebra
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and arrived at a new equation and in that equation was a number and he said, and that is the speed of light.
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And that tells you that light is an electromagnetic wave.
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I remember sitting there and, you know, even as I'm telling you this now, I have that same shiver going down my spine.
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There's wonder wherever we look.
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It's the opposite of sterile, rational, cold, analytical thinking.
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It's often said that the more we know about the workings of the universe, the more we don't know.
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So our growing understanding really tells us about our growing ignorance.
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That is not to say that we haven't come a long way.
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We do know a lot about the building blocks of matter, about the nature of space and time.
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We now know how many elements there are
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that make up the world we have the periodic table of
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elements we now know why those elements are classified the way they are
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because of the way electrons arrange themselves around atoms the rest
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you could argue is down in the fine nitty -gritty detail and it may well be that
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some of the ideas we have today turn out to be
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wrong 10 20 years from now i probably wouldn't be saying something too different to what i'm saying today
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but 100 years from now
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and certainly a thousand years from now I may look back on the gym of the early 21st century
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and think that I was just as naive as as the medieval scholars who thought the sun orbited the earth.
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I think a lot of scientists are realizing
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that having this silo mentality of having expertise in one field to address some of the big questions simply isn't enough.
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We're getting ever more interdisciplinary.
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I'm a physicist, so I would argue that physics is of course the best way of learning about the world.
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It's an arrogant view and I think it's not exactly true.
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It's not going to address questions like complex human behavior in society or psychology or the workings of the human brain,
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but it addresses these fundamental questions.
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What everything is made of, how everything works.
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We don't know whether we will ever, one day, know everything about the nature of reality.
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And in a way, that's nice, that's exciting.
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It's frustrating, yet beautiful, that we may never have all the answers.
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There's this wonderful quote by Douglas Adams, I take the awe of understanding over the awe of ignorance any day.
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Thank you.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 66 वाक्य और 828 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 5:24 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 154 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। 85% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| ignorance संज्ञा | /ˈɪɡ.nɚ.əns/ | अज्ञान, अविद्या |
| equation संज्ञा | /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/ | समीकरण |
| element संज्ञा | /ˈɛləmənt/ | तत्त्व |
| mystery संज्ञा | /ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/ | रहस्य, राज़ |
| physics संज्ञा | /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ | भौतिक शास्त्र, भौतिकी |
| scientist संज्ञा | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | वैज्ञानिक, आलिम |
| rational विशेषण | /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ | तार्किक |
| orbit संज्ञा | /ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ | कक्षा, मदार |
| establish क्रिया | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ | स्थापना |
| discover क्रिया | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | खोज निकालना, खोज करना |
| arrive क्रिया | /əˈɹaɪv/ | पहुँचना, आना |
| humanity संज्ञा | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | मानवजाति, मानवता |
| psychology संज्ञा | /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | मनोविज्ञान, मानसशास्त्र |
| darkness संज्ञा | /ˈdɑɹk.nɪs/ | अंधेरा, अन्धेरा |
| leaf संज्ञा | /lif/ | पत्ता, पत्ती |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 19 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे don't, I'm, we're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, notion /ˈnoʊʃən/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/, mentality /mɛnˈtæləti/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर ignorance, equation, element जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | is called · being told · are classified |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have always asked · they've been · haven't come |
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।