शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How Einstein changed time forever | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
हर मोड पूरी स्क्रीन का अभ्यास कक्ष खोलता है।
41 वाक्य
यदि वाक्य बहुत छोटे या लंबे हों, तो समायोजित करने के लिए Edit पर क्लिक करें।
1
We are very familiar with the idea that time flows from past to future.
2
We remember the past, we make predictions about the future.
3
We grow older, you stir cream in your coffee and it mixes up.
4
It doesn't unmix.
5
What we refer to as the classical understanding of the nature of time is still to this day our common sense view, which is that time is absolute,
6
that there's a cosmic clock out there ticking by the seconds, minutes, hours, years at the same rate for everyone.
7
All this directionality to time comes from a very fundamental idea in classical physics called the second law of thermodynamics,
8
which states that a quantity called entropy, which is a measure of the disorder of a system, always increases.
9
Einstein gave us a different view of time.
10
Einstein was forced, because of the equations of special relativity and the nature of the speed of light,
11
forced to abandon the Newtonian picture of absolute time.
12
Einstein taught us that time and space are connected.
13
So for me, a distance between two events that happen at different times, I can measure how far apart they are in space
14
and how far apart they are in time
15
but for someone else traveling past me at some fraction of
16
the speed of light in a rocket they would measure those two events as being a different distance apart
17
and the time between them being different we won't agree on distances
18
and time space and time is relative so suddenly time becomes something
19
that isn't absolute that it ticks by at different rates for different people, depending on your frame of reference, and it's malleable and it's stretchable.
20
And then Einstein follows that up with his general theory of relativity, in which he takes it a step further and says, what Newton taught us as being this invisible force of gravity,
21
pulling objects together, is really about the shape of space -time.
22
Gravity has an effect on time.
23
We will see clocks ticking by at different rates depending on where they are in Earth's gravitational field.
24
So suddenly in Einstein's world, time is not something apart from space.
25
It's something that's integral, it's part of the fabric of reality itself.
26
If we zoom into the quantum realm and you just look at the way the equations of quantum mechanics evolve in time,
27
you realise you could run the tape forwards or backwards and you wouldn't know the difference.
28
Time in the quantum world is a parameter.
29
And you say, right, if t equals 5, what will the system look like at t equals 10 seconds?
30
You can also say, what was t at 0 or at minus 5? t is just a number,
31
we can put a positive negative value to it and run our equations forward and backwards in time,
32
so they're time symmetric and that's not the way we experience time in daily life.
33
The way we see a direction in time in the quantum world is when we look, when we make a measurement, because that's when we interfere with the system.
34
My hunch is that no quantum system is isolated.
35
All quantum systems are interacting with their surroundings and it's that interaction with surroundings that gives a direction to time.
36
It loses its quantumness, and that's because it's becoming increasingly entangled with its surroundings,
37
in the same way that a hot object placed in a freezer will lose its heat.
38
It's equilibrating with its surroundings in terms of temperature.
39
In the quantum world, the quantum system is equilibrating with its surroundings in terms of information exchange.
40
It will be hugely profound and exciting
41
if we can see a direction to time emerging from the quantum realm this new area that we're calling quantum thermodynamics.
ऐप डाउनलोड करें
धाराप्रवाह बोलने के लिए ज़रूरी सब कुछ
AI उच्चारण स्कोरहर वाक्य का स्कोर
IPA अभ्यासहर ध्वनि में महारत
शब्दावलीअपना शब्द भंडार बनाएँ
शब्द गेमखेलते हुए सीखें
📺 उसी चैनल से
C11
Would a society based on genetics be… good? | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
Kids don’t always make you happier. Here’s why people have them anyway. | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Is success genetic? | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C117
Why successful people set habits, not just goals | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Why I’m against empathy | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why schools of the future will be designed with geneticists | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C175
What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The lost art of accomplishment without burnout | Cal Newport for Big Think +
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
What happens to your brain when you’re dreaming
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full Interview
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Your genes affect your education. Here’s why that’s controversial. | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
What if quantum physics could eradicate illness? | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Hit peak performance with the power of habit | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
Why softness beats stress | Giulia Enders
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C13
Your brain wasn't built to hold this much information | Richard Cytowic
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Who decides what is socially “normal”? | Christine Emba
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C120
Harvard negotiator explains how to argue | Dan Shapiro
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Curiosity Is a Superpower — If You Have the Courage to Use It | Big Think
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
✨ अनुशंसित वीडियो
C18
57 वाक्य
Einstein’s beef with quantum physics, explained | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C197
6 वाक्य
Neuroscience of Time
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
47 वाक्य
We Found Galaxies Too Old for the Universe
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
238 वाक्य
Cosmic Insignificance Theory: A Simple Idea That Will Change Your Life Forever
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
208 वाक्य
What If a Needle Hit The Earth At The Speed Of Light?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1552 वाक्य
The Professor Who Taught People How To Think (1962)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
23 वाक्य
Black Hole Documentary 2019 - Part 1
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
303 वाक्य
What If you Could See the 4th Dimension?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
322 वाक्य
ALBERT EINSTEIN liệu có phải MỘT NGƯỜI TỐT? | Minh HD | Thế giới
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
39 वाक्य
Why Walls STOP Light Waves But Not Radio Waves?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C181 वाक्य
Mathematician Collapses All Functions to One Weird Formula
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 41 वाक्य और 627 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 3:58 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 158 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्वाभाविक गति से बोलता है, जो रोज़मर्रा की बातचीत के करीब है। केवल 80% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं, इसलिए शब्दावली कठिन है।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सीखने लायक शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| equation संज्ञा | /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/ | समीकरण |
| tick संज्ञा | /tɪk/ | टिक, किलनी |
| gravity संज्ञा | /ˈɡɹævɪti/ | गुरुत्व, गंभीरता |
| relative संज्ञा | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | रिश्तेदार, नातेदार |
| physics संज्ञा | /ˈfɪz.ɪks/ | भौतिक शास्त्र, भौतिकी |
| disorder संज्ञा | /dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/ | अव्यवस्था, अस्त-व्यस्त |
| rocket संज्ञा | /ˈɹɑk.ɪt/ | राकेट, प्रक्षेपास्त्र |
| invisible विशेषण | /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ | अदृश्य, ओझल |
| quantity संज्ञा | /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/ | मात्रा, परिमाण |
| measurement संज्ञा | /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/ | माप, नाप |
| abandon क्रिया | /əˈbæn.dən/ | छोड़ देना, त्यागना |
| minus | /ˈmaɪ.nəs/ | कम, घटाकर |
| fraction संज्ञा | /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ | अंश |
| integral विशेषण | /ˈɪntəɡɹəl/ | समाकलन |
| prediction संज्ञा | /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ | प्रागुक्ति, भविष्यवाणी |
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | was forced · are connected · is isolated |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | view, which is · entropy, which is |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 6 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे doesn't, isn't, they're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/, parameter /pəˈɹæm.ə.tɚ/, equilibrate /iːkwɪˈlɪbɹeɪt/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर equation, tick, gravity जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।