Shadowing Practice: C1 T1 TEST1 PART1 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Thousands of U .S troops in Iraq and Afghanistan sustained concussions and other brain injuries from roadside bombs.
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But a new study suggests these injuries are not leading to a brain condition often seen in former boxers and football players.
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NPR's John Hamilton reports.
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In contact sports, concussions increase the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE.
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It's a brain condition associated with dementia and a range of psychiatric disorders.
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So many doctors have worried that CTE might be a factor in the mental health problems experienced by U .S.
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combat troops exposed to bomb blasts.
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Dr. Daniel Pearl is a professor of pathology at the Uniformed Services University in Bethesda.
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Their families were saying that their personalities had changed.
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They were having trouble sleeping.
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We know that the suicide problem is substantial.
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PTSD is prevalent.
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CTE can only be diagnosed after death.
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So Pearl and a team decided to study a collection of brains donated by the families of deceased service members.
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We said this was the opportunity to look at those brains and see how much CTE played a role in this problem.
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The team looked at 225 brains, including many from military personnel who'd been exposed to bomb blasts.
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Pearl says CTE was rare.
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We could only find 10 cases that met the diagnostic criteria for CTE.
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and then we found that all 10 had played contact sports.
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The numbers are too small to say that contact sports caused the condition.
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But Pearl says the findings, which appear in the New England Journal of Medicine, do support another conclusion.
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Serving in the military and being exposed to blasts is probably not a significant risk factor for developing CTE.
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Pearl says that's a good thing, but he adds that bomb blasts do injure the brain in ways that can have lasting effects.
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One shouldn't go away thinking that because we didn't find CTE, the brain's normal.
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That's clearly not the case.
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Pearl says a growing body of evidence shows that exposure to bomb blasts can raise the risk of problems like PTSD.
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John Hamilton, NPR News.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 27 frases y 345 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 2:07. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 163 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 77 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| blast sustantivo | /blæst/ | chorro explosivo |
| expose verbo | /ɪkˈspoʊz/ | exponer, develar |
| concussion sustantivo | /kəŋkˈəʃɪn/ | conmoción cerebral, concusión |
| exposure sustantivo | /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/ | exposición |
| conclusion sustantivo | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | conclusión, neta |
| associate sustantivo | /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ | asociado |
| substantial adjetivo | /səbˈstænʃəl/ | sustancial, substancial |
| disorder sustantivo | /dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/ | desorden |
| chronic adjetivo | /ˈkɹɑ.nɪk/ | crónico |
| donate verbo | /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ | donar, delejar |
| deceased sustantivo | /diˈsist/ | difunto |
| sustain verbo | /səˈsteɪn/ | sostener, sustentar |
| psychiatric adjetivo | /ˌsaɪ.kiˈæt.ɹɪk/ | psiquiátrico |
| diagnostic adjetivo | /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnɑ.stɪk/ | diagnóstico |
| traumatic adjetivo | /tɹɔˈmætɪk/ | traumático |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| go away verbo | irse, marcharse |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 3 contracciones y formas reducidas, como didn't, shouldn't, who'd. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “th”: pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, encephalopathy /ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi/
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: concussion /kəŋkˈəʃɪn/, exposure /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, substantial /səbˈstænʃəl/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, psychiatric /ˌsaɪ.kiˈæt.ɹɪk/, diagnostic /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnɑ.stɪk/, pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como blast, expose, concussion.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.