Pratique du Shadowing: C1 T1 TEST1 PART1 - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Thousands of U .S troops in Iraq and Afghanistan sustained concussions and other brain injuries from roadside bombs.
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But a new study suggests these injuries are not leading to a brain condition often seen in former boxers and football players.
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NPR's John Hamilton reports.
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In contact sports, concussions increase the risk of chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or CTE.
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It's a brain condition associated with dementia and a range of psychiatric disorders.
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So many doctors have worried that CTE might be a factor in the mental health problems experienced by U .S.
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combat troops exposed to bomb blasts.
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Dr. Daniel Pearl is a professor of pathology at the Uniformed Services University in Bethesda.
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Their families were saying that their personalities had changed.
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They were having trouble sleeping.
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We know that the suicide problem is substantial.
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PTSD is prevalent.
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CTE can only be diagnosed after death.
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So Pearl and a team decided to study a collection of brains donated by the families of deceased service members.
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We said this was the opportunity to look at those brains and see how much CTE played a role in this problem.
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The team looked at 225 brains, including many from military personnel who'd been exposed to bomb blasts.
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Pearl says CTE was rare.
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We could only find 10 cases that met the diagnostic criteria for CTE.
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and then we found that all 10 had played contact sports.
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The numbers are too small to say that contact sports caused the condition.
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But Pearl says the findings, which appear in the New England Journal of Medicine, do support another conclusion.
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Serving in the military and being exposed to blasts is probably not a significant risk factor for developing CTE.
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Pearl says that's a good thing, but he adds that bomb blasts do injure the brain in ways that can have lasting effects.
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One shouldn't go away thinking that because we didn't find CTE, the brain's normal.
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That's clearly not the case.
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Pearl says a growing body of evidence shows that exposure to bomb blasts can raise the risk of problems like PTSD.
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John Hamilton, NPR News.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 27 phrases et 345 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:07. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 163 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 77 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| blast nom | /blæst/ | rafale |
| expose verbe | /ɪkˈspoʊz/ | exposer, dénoncer |
| concussion nom | /kəŋkˈəʃɪn/ | commotion, commotion cérébrale |
| exposure nom | /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/ | exposition |
| conclusion nom | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | conclusion, fin |
| substantial adjectif | /səbˈstænʃəl/ | substantiel |
| disorder nom | /dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/ | désordre |
| chronic adjectif | /ˈkɹɑ.nɪk/ | chronique |
| donate verbe | /ˈdoʊˌneɪt/ | donner, faire un don |
| deceased nom | /diˈsist/ | défunt, défunts |
| sustain verbe | /səˈsteɪn/ | maintenir |
| psychiatric adjectif | /ˌsaɪ.kiˈæt.ɹɪk/ | psychiatrique |
| diagnostic adjectif | /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnɑ.stɪk/ | diagnostique |
| traumatic adjectif | /tɹɔˈmætɪk/ | traumatique |
| prevalent adjectif | /ˈpɹɛvələnt/ | répandu |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| go away verbe | partir, s'en aller |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 3 contractions et formes réduites, comme didn't, shouldn't, who'd. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, encephalopathy /ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: concussion /kəŋkˈəʃɪn/, exposure /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, substantial /səbˈstænʃəl/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, psychiatric /ˌsaɪ.kiˈæt.ɹɪk/, diagnostic /ˌdaɪ.əɡˈnɑ.stɪk/, pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme blast, expose, concussion.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.