Pratique du Shadowing: LE listening B2 A talk about motivation - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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44 phrases
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This recording is from the British Council.
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So, we think we know how to motivate people, right?
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Offer them a reward, do this and you'll get this.
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Do this faster, earn more money.
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Do this better than everyone else, here's a promotion.
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We offer incentives when we want people to do things.
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We do it at work, at school, even at home with our kids.
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Tidy your room and you can watch TV.
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But when social psychologists test whether incentives work, they get surprising results.
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Sam Glucksberg from Princeton University, America, set people a problem to solve and told them he was going to time them to see how long they took.
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Then he put them in two groups.
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He offered one group a reward for finishing fast,
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$5 for anyone finishing in the top 25% and $20 for the person who finished the fastest of all.
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To the other group, he offered no incentive
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but he told them he was going to use their times to calculate an average time.
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The first group, the ones with the reward, solved the problem faster, you'd think, right?
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Well, no. No, they actually took three and a half minutes longer than the group who just thought they were being timed.
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Incentive didn't work.
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In fact, it made them slower.
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This experiment has been repeated with the same results many times.
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But in business, we still offer bonuses, promotions and rewards to staff.
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That's fine if we want them to do something simple, like chop wood.
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We'll pay you more if you chop the wood faster.
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An incentive works then.
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But if we want someone to do something complex,
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something creative, something where they have to think, rewards don't work.
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They might even have the opposite result and make people perform worse.
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Another study by Dan Ariely showed that the bigger the reward, the worse the subjects performed on a complex task.
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The reward made them focus so hard on the result that they couldn't think creatively anymore.
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And this all matters because more and more simple jobs will become automated.
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We'll be left with creative, problem-solving jobs that computers will never do.
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And we need to find a way to motivate people to do those jobs when we've proved traditional incentives don't work.
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So what does work?
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Giving your workers freedom.
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Freedom to work on the things they want to work on.
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Freedom to choose when, where and how they work.
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Want to work from home three days a week?
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Get up late and work into the night instead?
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Fine, just do the job well and evidence shows people who choose the way they work get results.
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Companies that give employees time during the week to work on things
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that interest them and are not part of their regular job achieve amazing things.
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Some of the big tech companies are good examples of this with ping pong tables and areas to relax in.
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This recording is from the British Council.
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To find more activities to practice your English, visit www.britishcouncil.org forward slash learn English.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « LE listening B2 A talk about motivation ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : reward, incentive, result, faster, freedom. Cette vidéo contient 44 phrases et 512 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:53. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 132 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 88 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc facile à suivre.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
reward nom/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/récompense, salaire
incentive nom/ɪnˈsɛntɪv/intérêt, motivation
solve verbe/sɒlv/résoudre, régler
promotion nom/pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/promotion
chop verbe/t͡ʃɑp/hacher, découper
motivate verbe/ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/motiver
earn verbe/ɝn/gagner
bonus nom/ˈbəʊ.nəs/bonus
worker nom/ˈwɝ.kɚ/travailleur, travailleuse
experiment nom/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/expérience
relax verbe/ɹɪˈlæks/relâcher
calculate verbe/ˈkælkjʊleɪt/calculer
psychologist nom/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/psychologue
tidy adjectif/ˈtaɪ.di/ordonné, net
automate verbe/ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/automatiser

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
get up verbese lever

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitbeing timed · has been repeated · be left
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenanthas been repeated · we've proved
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une choseperson who finished · people who choose

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 9 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, we'll, couldn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, creatively /kɹiˈeɪtɪvli/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: chop /t͡ʃɑp/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/, promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, creatively /kɹiˈeɪtɪvli/
  • /ŋ/ final — sans prononcer de /g/ après: ping /pɪŋ/, pung /pʌŋ/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme reward, incentive, solve.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →