Pratique du Shadowing: Why don't you remember being a baby? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

Création de la leçon...
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What's the earliest memory that you have?
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Well, I've got bad news, it's probably fake.
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According to neuroscientists, anyone who says they remember being a baby is probably lying, but they don't even know it.
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Psychologists did this experiment where they interviewed three -year -olds about real stuff.
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Zoo trips, first day of preschool, that kind of thing.
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Then they came back years later and asked those kids to recall those memories.
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By age 5, 6, or 7, they remembered 60 % or more of those early life events, But by age 8 or 9, they only remembered like 40%.
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Most of that early memory was gone, and it declines quickly from there.
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So you didn't forget being a baby when you were a baby.
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You forgot it in like second grade.
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Researchers from Yale put infant babies in an MRI, which is probably easier said than done.
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And they showed that a key memory area of the brain, called the hippocampus, well, it lights up when a baby locks in on, say, a photo that it's never seen before.
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So our memory is definitely running by about age 1.
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The memories get made, but something's happening to them after.
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Well, here's what we think's going on.
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During the first few years of life, that memory region of the brain is being flooded with new, growing neurons.
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This shuffles around the cells that were already there, rewiring the chain of neurons and basically breaking that old memory.
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There's research in mice that suggests that maybe those memories could still be hiding in there somewhere, they just can't be accessed test.
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See, when scientists zapped the original neurons with light in mice, some early memories came back.
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But we've never tested the same thing in humans, because it turns out to be pretty hard to recruit people to get fiber optic cables shoved in their brains.
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But why would a brain do this?
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When you're like one, you don't need to remember specific events as much as you
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need to figure out the rules for things like language or how the physical world works, so your brain focuses its energy on that.
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Still, nearly 40 % of people say that their first memory is from age 2 or younger.
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And somebody's probably going to be in the comments telling me that they definitely remember being born.
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But you probably don't.
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All this research suggests that those are almost certainly reconstructions that are pieced together from family stories and photos and later memories.
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So some version of you learned language, discovered what gravity was, and all those other things.
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But sadly, you can never meet that version of yourself.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette vidéo contient 30 phrases et 442 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:19. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 190 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 88 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc facile à suivre.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots moins courants de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

  • mouse /maʊs/ (nom) — souris. Any mammal of the many rodent families (especially Muridae) that have a small body and a long tail.
  • decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ (verbe) — décliner, péricliter. To move downwards, to fall, to drop.
  • recall /ɹɪˈkɔl/ (verbe) — rappeler. To withdraw, retract (one's words etc.); to revoke (an order).
  • discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ (verbe) — découvrir. To find or learn something for the first time.
  • experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ (nom) — expérience. A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of…
  • flood /flʌd/ (nom) — inondation. An overflow of a large amount of water (usually disastrous) from a lake or other body of water due to excessive rainfall or other input of water.
  • gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/ (nom) — gravité. Of an activity such as a ceremony, a person's conduct, etc.: the quality of being deeply serious and solemn, especially in a dignified manner; seriousness…
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (nom) — scientifique, savant. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • sadly /ˈsædli/ (adverbe) — tristement. In a sad manner; sorrowfully.
  • infant /ˈɪn.fənt/ (nom) — nourrisson, enfant en bas âge. A very young human being, from birth to somewhere between six months and two years of age after birth, needing almost constant care and attention.
  • reconstruction /ˌɹiːkənˈstɹʌkʃən/ (nom) — reconstruction. The action of reconstructing something, not necessarily to the earlier state.
  • researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ (nom) — chercheur, chercheuse. One who researches.
  • recruit /ɹɪˈkɹut/ (verbe) — recruter, enrôler. To enroll or enlist new members or potential employees on behalf of an employer, organization, sports team, the military, etc.
  • psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/ (nom) — psychologue. An expert in the field of psychology.
  • shove /ʃʌv/ (verbe) — bousculer, fourrer. To push, especially roughly or with force.

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

  • come back (verbe) — revenir. To return to a place.
  • figure out (verbe) — cerner. To come to understand; to discover or find a solution; to deduce.
  • go on /ˈɡoʊˌɒn/ (verbe) — continuer. To continue in extent.

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 8 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, can't, didn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: reconstruction /ˌɹiːkənˈstɹʌkʃən/, shove /ʃʌv/, shuffle /ˈʃʌfəl/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, reconstruction /ˌɹiːkənˈstɹʌkʃən/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, hippocampus /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈkæm.pəs/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme mouse, decline, recall.

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitbeing flooded · can't be accessed · being born
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une choseanyone who says · MRI, which is

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →