Pratique du Shadowing: You Actually Share Your Brain With a Silent Stranger - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Your brain is two brains.
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Two hemispheres each doing half the work of being you.
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Half your vision goes to each and half your movement directed by each.
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Right controls left and left controls right.
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Your two brains co-ordinate through a wire of nerves, but this wire can be cut, and was, for a time, used as an epilepsy treatment.
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After the cut, people seemed the same, though their brain was split in-twain.
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Except, some post-split patients described that while selecting their morning outfit with right hand, left might come along to disagree.
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Actually, left hand might quite often disagree, which these split-brain patients found frustrating.
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What's happening?
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To investigate, remember, right brain sees and controls one half, while left brain controls and sees the other.
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But only left brain can speak.
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"Hello." Because that's where the speech center is located.
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Right brain, without this, is mute.
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In normal brains, this doesn't matter because each half communicates across the wire with the other.
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But, split-brains can't, and thus, you can show just the right brain a word, ask the person: "What did you see?", and you'll hear: "Nothing." Because, left speaking brain saw nothing.
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Meanwhile, right brain will use its hand to pick the object out of a pile hidden from left brain.
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This is deeply creepy.
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Ask "Why are you holding the object?" and speaking left brain will make up a plausible sounding, but totally wrong, reason.
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"I always wanted to learn how to solve one of these." Left brain isn't lying; it's just doing what brains do: creating a story that explains its past actions to its current self, a behavior which does rather cast doubt onto the notion of free will .
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Creating reasons for why it does things is just something left brains do.
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It happens in normal, healthy humans all the time, and if you think about it closely, you know you've done this.
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Back to experiments.
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Give right brain an object, ask the person "What's in your hand?" and they won't be able to say.
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"I'm not holding anything." And, when asked to draw, a split-brain can draw two separate objects simultaneously, with each hand, in a way unsplit-brains find challenging.
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These experiments on split-brain patients are deeply unsettling because they really point in the direction of a mute separate... intelligence...
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Something...
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Living in the skull.
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You can even ask questions of a split-brain and get disagreement on the answer.
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So, if your brain is split, who is the 'you' in this situation?
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From the outside, it's tempting to think of the part of the brain that's speaking as the person, but something is hearing and answering questions.
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And, though right brain can't speak, it does understand faces, which left brain can't.
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If this is you, you don't know who your friends and family are in a crowd.
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This act of cutting exposes two minds in one head, and the talking mind doesn't know there's someone else in the house.
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The left brain can describe the situation it's in, but nonetheless will constantly be surprised by right brain's actions and explain them away.
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There's a question to be asked here: Why, after separation, does right brain not totally freak out, but instead plays along helpfully, answering questions, and listening to left-brain's dumb stories about what's happening.
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- It's the best pony... I don't know.
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- Speculation time...
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But, one answer is the cutting doesn't make right brain a separate... intelligence... consciousness... person?
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but rather it has always been. In normal people, perhaps right brain rose up as a companion without a choice.
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Feeling at first somewhat equal partners, but then, as speech develops that it can't participate in, that increasingly becomes the central point of life, it resigns to mutely co-ordinate with left brain.
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At this moment, in your normal head, there are two of you watching this video: one having a 'mind = blown' moment, and the other mentally rolling its eye at the obviousness of it all.
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In split-brains, right doesn't freak out because not a whole lot has really changed.
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You might not agree, and maybe arguing right now at why it can't be possible, exactly as we would expect talking left brain to do.
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Speculation aside, split-brain patients show, at the very least, that in the mind, there is a separate...
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something that can hear and understand and respond, given the right circumstances.
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Your brain isn't entirely yours.
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Who is you?
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You is two.
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But we can go deeper. You are many.
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The pile of meat that's your body is made up of trillions of tiny individuals that have a life of their own.
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So, at which point do the many become one?
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What makes lots of tiny things you?
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Click here to go to our channel and watch the next part.
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Seriously. If you haven't checked out Kurzgesagt, then you don't know what you're missing.
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Kurgaset? Kurtzgaset?
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I never know.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « You Actually Share Your Brain With a Silent Stranger ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : brain, split, controls, object, separate. Cette vidéo contient 56 phrases et 830 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:53. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 170 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 87 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| ordinate nom | /ˈɔː(ɹ)dɪnət/ | ordonnée |
| mute adjectif | /mjut/ | muet, assourdi |
| speculation nom | /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ | spéculation |
| disagree verbe | /dɪsəˈɡɹi/ | ne pas être d'accord, être en désaccord |
| epilepsy nom | /ˈɛpɪˌlɛpsi/ | épilepsie, mal caduc |
| frustrate verbe | /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/ | frustrer |
| obviousness nom | /ˈɑ(b)viəsnɪs/ | évidence |
| unsettling adjectif | dérangeant, inquiétant | |
| plausible adjectif | /ˈplɑ.zɪ.bəl/ | plausible |
| disagreement nom | /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/ | désaccord |
| circumstance nom | /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/ | circonstance |
| hemisphere nom | /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/ | hémisphère |
| pony nom | /ˈpoʊni/ | poney |
| locate verbe | /ˈloʊˌkeɪt/ | localiser |
| resign verbe | /ɹɪˈzaɪn/ | abandonner, céder |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| check out verbe | mater, regarder | |
| make up verbe | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | constituer, composer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | can be cut · was split · is located |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | you've done · has always been · has really changed |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 20 contractions et formes réduites, comme can't, doesn't, don't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: speculation /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/, epilepsy /ˈɛpɪˌlɛpsi/, disagreement /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: helpfully /ˈhɛlp.fəl.i/, hemisphere /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: ordinate /ˈɔː(ɹ)dɪnət/, disagree /dɪsəˈɡɹi/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/, disagreement /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/, resign /ɹɪˈzaɪn/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme ordinate, mute, speculation.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.