レッスン30 · ステージ3: 予定・依頼・比較
丁寧な希望「would like」
初級“Would like” for polite wishes
形と使い方
would like / 'd like + to 動詞 — したいことを丁寧に言う
1.形
would like(短縮形 'd like)は「欲しい・〜したい」という意味ですが、want より丁寧です。would はどの主語でも同じ形です:I'd like、she'd like、they'd like。
| パターン | 例 |
|---|---|
| would like + 名詞 | I'd like a glass of water, please. |
| would like + to 不定詞 | I'd like to change my seat. |
| would like + 人 + to 不定詞 | I'd like you to meet my sister. |
| 否定文 | I wouldn't like to live in a big city. |
| 疑問文 | Would you like some tea? · What would you like to do? |
小さな 'd ひとつで意味が変わります。I like coffee = コーヒーが好き。I'd like a coffee = コーヒーをください(今)。注文のときに 'd を忘れると、ただ自分の好みを話していることになってしまいます。
2.どんなときに使うか
1. 注文、買い物、サービスを頼むとき
I'd like the chicken curry, please.
チキンカレーをお願いします。
Hi, I'd like to return these shoes. They're too small.
こんにちは、この靴を返品したいのですが。小さすぎて。
2. 願いや夢
One day I'd like to have my own café.
いつか自分のカフェを持ちたいです。
Where would you like to live when you retire?
退職したらどこに住みたいですか?
3. 申し出と誘い:Would you like…?
Would you like some more rice?
ご飯、もう少しいかがですか?
Would you like to join us for dinner on Friday?
金曜日の夕食、一緒にどうですか?
4. ほかの人に何かをしてほしい:would like + 人 + to 不定詞
My mum would like you to call her when you land.
母が、飛行機が着いたら電話してほしいって。
I'd like you to check this email before I send it.
送る前にこのメールをチェックしてもらいたいんだけど。
注文やお願いのときに I want… と言ってしまう学習者がよくいます。文法的には正しいのですが、店員やお客さん、年上の人に対してはぶっきらぼうに聞こえることがあります。I'd like… に替えるだけで、すぐに丁寧になります。
3.would like か like か
| like | would like | |
|---|---|---|
| 意味 | 好きだ(一般的に) | 欲しい・〜したい(今、またはこれから) |
| 後ろに来る形 | -ing 形か to 不定詞 | to 不定詞(-ing 形は不可) |
| 例 | I like swimming. | I'd like to swim now. |
| 疑問文 | Do you like tea? — Yes, I do. | Would you like some tea? — Yes, please. |
would love / would prefer / would hate のあとも to 不定詞です:
I'd love to come — thanks for asking!
ぜひ行きたい。誘ってくれてありがとう!
I'd prefer to stay in tonight. I'm exhausted.
今夜は家にいたいな。くたくたなんだ。
I'd hate to miss your wedding.
あなたの結婚式には絶対に行きたい(見逃したくない)。
4.Would you like…? への答え方
- 何かを受け取るとき:Yes, please.(Yes だけだとぶっきらぼうに聞こえます)
- 何かを断るとき:No, thank you. / No, thanks, I'm fine.
- 誘いを受けるとき:I'd love to. / That would be great.
- 誘いを断るとき:I'd love to, but I can't. I'm busy that day.
5.よくある間違い
I would like eat something sweet.I would like to eat something sweet.
動詞の前に to が必要です。
I'd like going to the cinema tonight.I'd like to go to the cinema tonight.
would like のあとに -ing 形は来ません。
She would likes to learn the piano.She would like to learn the piano.
would のあとは原形です。
I'd like that you call me back.I'd like you to call me back.
would like + 人 + to 不定詞。
Excuse me, I like to order the chicken.Excuse me, I'd like to order the chicken.
'd がないと「〜するのが好き」という意味になります。
Would you like a coffee? — Yes, I would like.Yes, please.
like には目的語が必要です。自然な答えは Yes, please です。
例文
- I'd like to book a table for two, please.
- I would like to buy two tickets for the seven o'clock show.
- Hi, I'd like to make a complaint about my room.
- We would like to thank everyone for coming tonight.
