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Welcome to Vox Conversations.
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I'm Sean Ramos from Vox.
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I co -host our daily news show
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Today Explained, and I'm joined by Vox's Ested Herndon, who hosts America Actually and is also on CNN all the time.
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Ested, how blue was the wave?
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Was it a blue nami?
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Was it a blue sky, maybe?
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What do you think?
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I like the idea of blue sky, but I'll go with blue nami.
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I mean, I think that we were first talking about whether wave or trickle,
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and early in the night it became pretty clear that this would be a resounding resolve for Democrats.
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And I think it only got more true as the night went on.
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I mean, at this point, we're still looking at a Senate race in Mississippi, which I think no one would have expected coming into the night.
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So, you know, all of that evidence really adds up to the best night that
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Democrats could have hoped for.
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And more importantly, I think a resounding rejection of this administration from the American public.
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You've been talking about these midterms for a very long time.
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Too long of a time.
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I'm glad that we can now turn the page.
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We'll turn the page tomorrow, but today we have to talk about all the races.
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Which were the biggest wins?
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Which were your favorites since you were watching so many of them?
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Yeah, I mean, I think we can go
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House results and some of the Senate results.
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I mean, if I think about some of the ones that surprised me the most, I'll start with South Carolina,
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where Darlene Graham, the Republican there, was ousted.
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And you actually had this happen to a number of the Trump pick
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Senate candidates, Kim Paxton obviously getting ousted in the Texas Senate race by James Taurico.
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I think those and the margin of victories, I think the scope of victories that
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Democrats had in the Senate are obviously the big takeaway of the night.
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The wins in Kansas, wins in Iowa, even the margin for Angie Nixon in Florida,
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all of that points to something that was happening across demographics, across the country.
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I was looking at the New York Times data around demographic shifts from 2024.
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And it had literally every demographic moving to the left based on the 2024 election.
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And I think it finally put an end to some of the things
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we have heard about 2024 being some permanent shift in working class, multiracial coalitions.
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That wasn't really showing up in the data and our reporting this year.
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And then that really came out in the results.
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We should think of these communities as swinging, as a pendulum between parties rather than as firmly housed in either one.
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You were talking briefly about margins.
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Tell me more about some of the margins that that blew your mind.
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Well, I think I am someone who, like, is actually a little down on the margin top because a win's a win.
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I think if in South Carolina you win by one point, that feels like 30.
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If you win, if you get a call in Georgia at 9 p .m like John Ossoff got, that's a blowout victory.
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But I think there'll be some finding, particularly as we look ahead to the 2028 race, about some of the margins you saw in Senate races.
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You have Abdul El -Sayed coming in at around five or six points.
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That might be an underperformance for what we expect from a Democratic from this
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Democratic environment largely.
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But I think that's somebody who necessarily won't care about that stuff.
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I think as we've been tracking the primary, it's been really clear that some of what folks were voting for was not just to change,
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not just a certain candidate running against
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Republicans, but they were backing a primary candidate to also change their own party.
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And so some of that comes with electoral penalties, maybe a point here or there.
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But I think that's a penalty
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Democrats are willing to take to send someone like an El -Sayed to the Senate.
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And so I think you can look at the margins and and kind of cherry pick here or there.
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But in a wave of this type, I think there's universal results.
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And I think that really speaks to some of the issues
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that were really making up this sort of populist backlash of affordability.
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You have A .I.
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And I think that those things really drove
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Democrats to really have a bottom versus top election in the ways that they wanted rather than right versus left.
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I do want to talk about the issues momentarily, but I still want to focus on the Democrats for a second here,
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because this did really feel like a referendum on our present politics, on our president, more so than, well, the country really loves Democrats now.
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But did you see any particular races, be it the House, Senate, gubernatorial, whatever it may have been,
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that suggested like, wow, Democrats really do have some solid footing here?
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I mean, I think that for one, you know, midterms are not going to resolve the kind of party leader question that
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Democrats had coming out of 2024.
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The reason why there is a kind of pick anything, pick your own flavor landscape is because that's what these elections are.
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Republicans have a centralized leader.
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And that was who this election was about.
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It was about a relationship to Donald Trump.
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But certainly I think there's a lot of fresh faces from Democrats or fresh messages that certainly had a good night.
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I'm thinking about Taurico and Ossoff in Texas and Georgia.
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really leaned into that corruption message.
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We saw that really be successful.
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Again, I've talked about candidates who backed a data center moratorium.
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Will Lawrence won in Michigan.
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That's someone we talked to.
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I think those candidates have a message that you can point to as successful.
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And so you can have different pieces of the Democratic message
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that certainly have a lot more electoral backing today than they did two days ago.
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But I don't think it fully, I think I will be wary about fully extrapolating the electoral result to 2028,
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because as we saw when Democrats performed fairly well in 2022,
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they're usually different populations who come out in big margins for presidential versus midterms.
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And specifically, Donald Trump has shown himself to be better at marginal voters, folks who come out infrequently,
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rather than he is at folks who are more tuned into politics, more likely to come out in the midterm election.
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And so I think that, like, although there are a lot of encouraging signs for Democrats,
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that certainly does not mean they're about to cakewalk to the White House in 2028.
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But at the same time, I think there's a lot of seeds of a message that will get them closer,
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I think, to a more big tent, a party unifying theme that they weren't at maybe three, four months ago.
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We spent a lot of time talking about redistricting, gerrymandering, this war for every last seat that was going on in the months before this election.
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And then ultimately last night, it felt like it didn't matter that much.
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I mean, why didn't that pan out for the Republicans?
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Well, I would say a couple of things.
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One, it still matters because the fact that we have these gerrymander maps means that we could see that if it was,
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you know, if we got a 13, 14 point Democrats win in terms of popular vote,
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as we might as we're as the kind of numbers are pointing to now, their margins could have been even bigger.
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So, like, I think we should also say it still has an effect, even though Democrats were able to overcome some of those gerrymanders.
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But you're right.
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Democrats won several districts that were specifically drawn for Republicans to win in Florida, in North Carolina, in Texas, in Alabama.
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And so these have give them an opportunity, I think, to kind of lean in to nonpartisan gerrymanders.
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But more than that, to actually answer your question, I think it actually shows how
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Trump's rigging of the game caused an electoral backlash.
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I mean, I think we can't overstate
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that he tried to win these midterms months ago when he was trying to redraw these maps in Republican favor.
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He tried to win them two months ago when he was leaning into voter intimidation and state voter roll purchase.
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Like, he has taken the anti -democratic option at every turn here, and we've seen people actually respond to that.
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The reason why Mississippi is so close right now is because of a huge kind of turnout from black voters down there.
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The reason why they were able to overcome a gerrymander written
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to take out a black member of Congress in Alabama is because that community stepped up.
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And so I think that we're seeing a kind of electorate
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that really did not like the anti -Democratic lower D games that
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Republicans were playing here.
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And they saw folks really come out to stand up on that front.
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And I got to say, I find that a little heartening.
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I think that we sometimes assume in political journalism that these rules and these kind of structures cannot be overcome.
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But as we travel and talk to people, that's not something that they want to see.
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They want to see competitive districts.
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They want to see incentives for bipartisanship and compromise.
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Those rules have been written so that elected officials have to think about that less and less.
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And I think in the results yesterday, we see that that's not matching up with the public.
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OK, so you wouldn't say, you know, the gerrymandering didn't work.
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You would just say that the turnout, you know, overwhelmed it.
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You know, so they are.
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Yeah.
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Trumped it is a better way to say it.
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But what about the money?
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Because that's the other thing people were really worried about.
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I mean, how much money Elon Musk was pouring into Texas?
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Did political spending not ultimately matter in the most expensive election we've ever had?
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Yeah, we really saw that money flop, I would say, largely.
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Elon Musk poured millions into specifically that Texas race.
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You had the GOP have a huge spending advantage.
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We covered this, almost $500 million that they were pouring into races across the country.
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And it was around a couple issues.
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They tried to kind of wage this tech war
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and support candidates who were backing less regulation on crypto or less regulation on prediction markets.
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And I would say you also had to really lean into the kind of culture war, right?
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Like all of those ads were about Tau Frico.
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They were about masculinity.
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They were about kind of causing and stoking trans panic.
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And we haven't really seen that really move people in maybe the ways it did three, four years ago.
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I think there was a projection that some of this like.
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anti -wokeness message was forever resonant with the public.
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And I just don't think that's true.
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If anything, I think we actually saw people responding to Donald Trump's attacks on DEI.
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We saw people responding to Donald Trump's Republican attacks on trans people.
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And so I think that what they were using the money on was not a message that was resonant to people.
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And to your point, no amount of that spending was really able to overcome the things that people already knew.
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They knew they had less money in their pocket.
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They knew that gas prices were higher.
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And that's where the head was in the ballot box.
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Yeah, let's finally talk about those issues.
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I mean, you've mentioned a bunch of them.
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I like to think about the eyes, Iran, inflation, Israel, ICE, but there's also the AI of it all, as you've said.
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So did any of them resonate more than others?
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Was it all of them?
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What?
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It's kind of hard to separate because I think they're intertwined, but I would say it's all of them.
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I mean, I would start with affordability as the macro category that probably includes prices and inflation.
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And that really has been the Democrats' calling card throughout the year.
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Now, I think it's important to say that's not where Democrats started.
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I mean, even when Donald Trump announced his tariffs last summer,
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there was a lot of Democrats who were hemming and hawing about whether that should be something that they pushed back against.
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Really, the Democrats embraced that message in full after Mamdani's win in New York in 2025.
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And that worked for them.
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It actually repositioned the party from the bigger culture war focus of three, four years ago, back to things that mattered most to people.
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And we saw that intertwined with some other policy issues to corruption, which we found, which we talked about during a trip to Virginia,
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was really intertwined with affordability.
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It wasn't just that Donald Trump was kind of conducting an open grift.
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It was that he was doing it as things were becoming more unaffordable for you.
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And so those things were kind of working in tandem.
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And we saw candidates really lean into that corruption message with success.
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But I also think specifically when we look at Trump's collapse among
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Latino voters, we know that the deportations and the overreach on immigration mattered a lot there.
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We talked to folks not just on the macro level at Ecke's research about this, but obviously we were just in Vegas,
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canvassing with some of the members of the culinary union there.
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And to be honest, their kind of framework of Trump's slump ends up being what the macro theme of this election is about.
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It's about kind of how Donald Trump's choices on the economy has made folks' lives harder.
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It's about how his immigration rates have sown chaos.
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And we have seen that play out, I think, in tandem.
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The other thing I mentioned is kind of data centers and anti -AI.
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Gina Hinojoso winning in Texas over Greg Abbott.
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Even that South Carolina race, they were pouring a lot of money into Darlene Graham out of the hope that
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South Carolina could be a hub for AI.
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I mentioned Will Lawrence winning in Michigan.
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That kind of populist backlash, that bottom versus top, wasn't just about prices.
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It was also about anxiety about the future of work.
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And I think specifically surveillance, issues like flock cameras, data centers,
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of really roiling the public in a way that they haven't felt protected by in Congress.
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There's a clear call for some of those regulations now.
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And then you mentioned kind of Iran and Israel.
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I will put that as something obviously we've also explored.
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You know, we talked to Daria Liza Chevalier of New York and Abdul El -Sayed of Michigan,
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kind of about their America first argument from the left.
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And I think we saw that really work out.
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The argument was that you want money invested here, not going into foreign wars and things that you don't support.
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And that was a message they were hammering before the Iran war started, but got magnified after.
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So I would say those issues become the driving forces of democratic success.
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And I think it's really difficult to separate them because they all really flow back to that affordability question.
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Trump told voters to vote as if he were on the ballot.
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Then when he took a shellacking last night, he said, it's because I wasn't on the ballot.
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He told reporters last night that he would be happy to work with Democrats.
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And then also last night he posted a MAGA hat that said veto on it.
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He's clearly in his feelings.
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How bad was his night?
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Maybe scale of one to 10.
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Yeah, it was an 11.
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I mean, I think if you're Donald Trump, there's no space to hide here.
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I mean, I remember after the 2022 midterms, there was a sense that maybe
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Trump had gone away, you know, that because some of his election candidates, specifically ones that had backed his attempts to deny the results in 2020,
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that he would kind of fade into the background.
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And then he was able to come back like through kind of democratic persecution, through whining, through retribution, all this stuff,
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the stuff we know uh now there's nowhere to hide i mean i think
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that he has really succeeded as a figure that diagnoses problems that cause out liberal and progressive overreach.
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But there's never been a kind of public acceptance of his solutions he was proposing.
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Folks did not sign up for Project 2025.
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And so I think we're seeing that gap in some of the results.
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His handpicked candidates lost.
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He put Republicans in a tougher position.
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And then you had a kind of margin on the House that's going to give
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Democrats some wiggle room to really follow through on some of these accountability measures.
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And so I think Donald Trump is going to go through the stages of grief here.
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Like, you know, the first step might be, you know, maybe I'll work with them.
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But when that becomes clear, does he follow through on that?
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Does he use his kind of executive power that they've
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that they've steadily grown over the last two years to really try to insulate himself from Congress?
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I think we don't know those answers to the question yet, because this is a president who could respond to these results,
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not through moderation, but through escalation.
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And I think we should be really wary of taking what he says in
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that initial response as something that he'll still believe in a month or two.
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Okay.
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And the narrative coming out of this midterm election will be that Donald Trump lost big.
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I'm curious, did you see
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Democrats losing big anywhere?
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Were there any races that you saw a Republican take the W and I don't know, you were surprised by the result?
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I wouldn't say surprised.
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I mean, they held on in places like Nebraska.
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They held on in Florida, barely.
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I think those were kind of the floor for Republicans in terms of,
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I mean, I wouldn't even say like avoiding a shellacking because I would call last night such.
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And so there are places I think where you might have a Republican say,
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you know, I was able to kind of create some distance from Trump.
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I'm thinking of Florida because Ron DeSantis was someone who actually came out a couple months ago and said
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Trump needs to be more focused on gas prices and that there is a real problem there.
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And so I think, you know, you might have Byron Donald or someone try to exist in that mold.
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I think it's a good night if you're a someone who's trying to shape the non -Trump Republican Party, right?
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Your Ron DeSantis will look at this sort of result and say,
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hey, maybe there is some ability to pitch a conservative message that's not centered on this individual.
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Maybe that fever is breaking.
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But in terms of big results that will like help them sleep tonight, I didn't see much.
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Okay.
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All sorts of Democrats won last night.
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You know, your progressives, your religious
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Democrats, moderates, DSA people, obviously.
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Was there any particular type of Democratic win
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that really stood out to you or told us something about where the electorate's at right now?
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Yeah, you can point to the biggest winners.
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And I think some will say that maybe moderate candidates, and I use that in quotes, have the best night.
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I'm thinking about where
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Cooper's big result in North Carolina, or even some of the surprise wins from the Hamiltons, Tau Rico, or Annie Andrews in South Carolina,
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or even what we saw in Ohio.
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Those aren't necessarily people who pitch themselves directly in a progressive mode.
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But I would also say those lines are kind of fuzzy.
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And so I don't think that we can actually kind of ascribe success to one faction or the other.
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Just let me use this example.
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I told you how affordability grew out of Zoran's message in 2025.
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That's now something that's been adopted by the party largely, right?
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So is that a moderate or progressive message?
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I don't think it's clear to say.
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You could also talk about data centers as something that really grew out of a progressive outcry,
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but became something that the James Tauricos or others were backing also.
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I think if If you're a Democrat looking at the kind of macro takeaways, there is a call for universal health care.
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Right.
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However, whatever that means, there is a call for a pushback against ice, I would say, and whatever that means.
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But I don't think you can just say one side of the party had a good eye to the other.
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And I think that actually matters more, I would say, for the moderate wing of Democrats,
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because they've made that electability pitch so central to their primary arguments.
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They're not really competing in the contest of ideas, right?
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Like they haven't really met the moment when it talks about meeting people at the scope of their problems.
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Their argument has been we're the ones who can win in these states.
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I think after a night like last night,
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that might become a little harder to think they're the only ones who have an exclusive claim on electability, considering the wide results that you saw.
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So I think everyone gets to claim victory in a way.
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But the question is who the public believes.
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And I somewhat think
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that determinative kind of D .C top down vision of this is the only candidate
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that can win is being chipped away at.
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Okay, and then what do you think 2026 tells us?
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about 2028 i you know i don't want to get too ahead of ourselves here but you love elections
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they're going to be announcing for president like two weeks exactly exactly uh
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i think there's a couple lessons
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i you know good night for marco rubio good night for
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ron de santis good night for someone who's trying to pitch
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themselves as a different version of trump's america first party bad night for jd vance
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i mean uh jd vance is someone who has to walk the line between donald
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Trump in the next two years and trying to create his own kind of personal brand.
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I was baffled by him defending the Vivek Ramaswamy ad that I think will become notorious, that has already become notorious in this midterm cycle,
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the Democratic wins in Ohio, even thinking back to his defense of the ICE shootings that happened earlier this year.
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I think all of those were bad plays for J .D.
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Vance when we think about the future, and I think starts to create some of the signs that maybe some
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Republicans think they'll be able to challenge him.
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On the Democratic side, I think it's a win for fresh faces.
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I think it's a win for fresh ideas.
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I think it's a bad night maybe for Kamala Harris, like someone who represents maybe a return to the past
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or some of the old wounds of 2024 when it's clear the party is trying to turn the page.
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I will also add a couple, just one kind of wrinkle in the 2028 bucket is
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that Keisha Lance Bottoms winning in Georgia's governor's race means
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that John Ossoff and Ralph and Raphael Warnock can run for president
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because they're not concerned about the possibility that a Republican will replace him.
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Gina Hinojosa winning in the Texas governor race could mean
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that James Talrico can run for president and not have
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that same sort of fear about a Republican replacing them in the Senate.
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So those are big results when it comes to people's possibilities for the future
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and just shows you the extent to which last night reshaped the landscape.
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Estet Herndon, thank you so much.
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Thank you everyone for watching.
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Don't forget to subscribe to Vox on YouTube.
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Don't forget to download our new app.
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You can read all of our stories, watch all of our videos, listen to all of our podcasts.
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I'm Sean Rumsvirm.
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Let's do this again next week.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “How Democrats swept the midterms”. Este vídeo tem 323 frases e 4083 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 22:06. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 185 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 83% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| margin substantivo | /ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/ | margem |
| voter substantivo | /ˈvoʊtɚ/ | votante, eleitor |
| progressive substantivo | /pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/ | progressista, progressivo |
| lean verbo | /ˈliːn/ | inclinar |
| pitch substantivo | /pɪt͡ʃ/ | arremesso |
| versus | /ˈvɝsəs/ | contra, vérsus |
| moderate adjetivo | /ˈmɑdəɹət/ | moderado |
| overcome verbo | /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ | vencer, superar |
| electoral adjetivo | /ɪˈlɛk.tɚ.əl/ | eleitoral |
| pour verbo | /poɹ/ | despejar, entornar |
| corruption substantivo | /kəˈɹʌpʃən/ | corrupção |
| ballot substantivo | /ˈbælət/ | votação |
| demographic adjetivo | /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/ | demográfico |
| backlash substantivo | /ˈbækˌlæʃ/ | coice, reação |
| universal adjetivo | /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/ | universal |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| come out verbo | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | sair, partir |
| come back verbo | voltar | |
| end up verbo | terminar, acabar | |
| go away verbo | sair, partir | |
| make up verbo | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | compensar |
| take out verbo | tirar, remover | |
| work out verbo | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | calcular |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- What do you think?
- I'm glad that we can now turn the page.
- Which were your favorites since you were watching so many of them?
- That's someone we talked to.
- I mean, you've mentioned a bunch of them.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — uma ação que começou antes e continua | You've been talking · we've been tracking |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have heard · it's been · I've talked |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was ousted · were specifically drawn · cannot be overcome |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | somebody who necessarily · ones that had · someone who actually |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 71 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, I'm, they're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: corruption /kəˈɹʌpʃən/, backlash /ˈbækˌlæʃ/, immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/, translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/, regulation /ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: electoral /ɪˈlɛk.tɚ.əl/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, immigration /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: moderate /ˈmɑdəɹət/, ballot /ˈbælət/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/, landscape /ˈlan(d)skeɪp/, scope /skəʊp/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: electoral /ɪˈlɛk.tɚ.əl/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, marginal /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/, baffle /ˈbæf(ə)l/, gubernatorial /ˌɡ(j)ubə(r)nəˈtɔriəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: nowhere /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/, hammer /ˈhæmɚ/, haw /hɔː/, hearten /ˈhɑɹtn̩/, hem /hɛm/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como margin, voter, progressive.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.