ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Cambridge 18 Listening Test 2 | With Answer | Real Test |
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1
Cambridge 18 Listening Test 2.
2
You will hear a number of different recordings.
3
All the recordings will be played once only.
4
The test is in four parts.
5
You will have 10 minutes at the end of the test to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
6
Now turn to part one.
7
First, you have some time to look at questions one to five.
8
Listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 5.
9
So I understand you're interested in restaurant work.
10
Yes, I've got a bit of experience and I can provide references.
11
That's good.
12
I can check all that later.
13
Now, Milo's restaurants have some vacancies at the moment.
14
They're a really good company to work for.
15
Lots of benefits.
16
Oh, right.
17
Yes.
18
They've got a very good reputation for looking after staff.
19
For example, all employees get training, even temporary staff.
20
Oh, really?
21
That's quite unusual, isn't it?
22
Certainly is.
23
And do staff get free uniforms too?
24
Erm, you just need to wear a white t-shirt and black trousers, it says here.
25
So, I guess not.
26
But another benefit of working for a big company like this is
27
that you can get a discount at any of their restaurants.
28
Even at weekends?
29
No, but you'll be working then anyway.
30
Oh yes, I suppose so.
31
Erm, most of their restaurants are in the city centre, aren't they?
32
So, easy to get to by bus?
33
Yes, that's right.
34
But if you have to do a late shift and finish work after midnight, the company will pay for you to get a taxi home.
35
I probably won't need one.
36
I think I'd use my bike.
37
OK.
38
Now, they do have some quite specific requirements for the kind of person they're looking for.
39
Milo's is a young, dynamic company, and they're really keen on creating a strong team.
40
It's really important that you can fit in and get on well with everyone.
41
Yeah, I've got no problem with that.
42
It sounds good, actually.
43
The last place I worked for was quite demanding too.
44
We had to make sure we gave a really high level of service.
45
That's good to hear, because that will be equally important at Milo's.
46
I know they want people who have an eye for detail.
47
That's fine.
48
I'm very used to working in that kind of environment.
49
Perfect.
50
So the only other thing that's required is good communication skills, so you'll need to have a certificate in English.
51
Sure.
52
Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 6 to 10.
53
Now listen and answer questions 6 to 10.
54
OK, let's have a look at the current job vacancies at Milo's.
55
The first one is in Wivenhoe Street.
56
Sorry, where?
57
Wivenhoe.
58
W-I-V-E-N-H-O-E.
59
It's quite central, just off Cork Street.
60
Oh, right.
61
They're looking for a breakfast supervisor.
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That would be OK.
63
So you're probably familiar with the kind of responsibilities involved.
64
Obviously checking that all the portions are correct, etc. And then things like checking all the procedures for cleaning the equipment are being followed.
65
OK.
66
And what about the salary?
67
In my last job I was getting £9.50 per hour.
68
I was hoping to get a bit more than that.
69
Well, to begin with, you'd be getting £9.75, but that goes up to £11.25 after three months.
70
That's not too bad.
71
And I suppose it's a very early start.
72
That's the only unattractive thing about this job.
73
But then you have the afternoons and evenings free.
74
So the restaurant starts serving breakfast from 7am, and you'd have to be there at 5.30 to set everything up.
75
But you'd be finished at 12.30.
76
Hmm.
77
Well, as you say, there are advantages to that.
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Now, you might also be interested in the job at the City Road branch.
79
That's for a junior chef, so, again, a position of responsibility.
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I might prefer that, actually.
81
Right.
82
Well, obviously, this role would involve supporting the sous chef and other senior staff.
83
and you'd be responsible for making sure there's enough stock each week and sorting out all the deliveries.
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I've never done that before, but I imagine it's fairly straightforward once you get the hang of it.
85
Yes, and you'd be working alongside more experienced staff to begin with, so I'm sure it wouldn't be a problem.
86
The salary's slightly higher here.
87
It's an annual salary of £23,000.
88
Right.
89
I know that if they like you, it's likely you'll be promoted quite quickly, so that's worth thinking about.
90
Yes, it does sound interesting.
91
What are the hours like?
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The usual, I think.
93
There's a lot of evening and weekend work, but they're closed on Mondays.
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But you do get one Sunday off every four weeks, so would you like me to send off your CV?
95
That is the end of part one.
96
You now have half a minute to check your answers.
97
Thank you.
98
Time to look at questions 11 to 14 you
99
Now listen and answer questions 11 to 14.
100
Hello everyone.
101
It's good to see that
102
so many members of the public have shown up for our
103
presentation on the new housing development planned on the outskirts of Nunston.
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I'm Mark Reynolds and I'm communications manager at the development.
105
I'll start by giving you a brief overview of our plans for the development.
106
So, one thing I'm sure you'll want to know is why we've selected this particular site for a housing development.
107
At present, it's being used for farming, like much of the land around Nunstone.
108
But because of the new industrial centre in Nunstone, there's a lot of demand for housing for employees in the region,
109
as many employees are having to commute long distances at present.
110
Of course, there's also the fact that we have an international airport just 20 minutes drive away.
111
But although that's certainly convenient, it wasn't one of our major criteria for choosing the site.
112
We were more interested in the fact that there's an excellent hospital,
113
just 15 kilometres away, and a large secondary school even closer than that.
114
One drawback to the site is that it's on quite a steep slope, but we've taken account of that in our planning,
115
so it shouldn't be a major problem.
116
We've had a lot of positive feedback about the plans,
117
people like the wide variety of accommodation types and prices,
118
and the fact that it's only a short drive to get out into the countryside from the development.
119
We were particularly pleased that so many people liked the designs for the layout of the development,
120
with the majority of people saying it generally made a good impression
121
and blended in well with the natural features of the landscape,
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with provision made for protecting trees and wildlife on the site.
123
Some people have mentioned that they'd like to see more facilities for cyclists, and we'll look at that,
124
but the overall feedback has been that the design
125
and facilities of the development make it seem a place where people of all ages can live together happily.
126
Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.
127
Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.
128
OK, so I'll put a map of the proposed development up on the screen.
129
You'll see it's bounded on the south side by the main road, which then goes on to Nunstone.
130
Another boundary is formed by London Road on the western side of the development.
131
Inside the development, there'll be about 400 houses and three apartment blocks.
132
There'll also be a school for children up to 11 years old.
133
If you look at the south entrance at the bottom of the map, there's a road from there that goes right up through the development.
134
The school will be on that road, at the corner of the second turning to the left.
135
A large sports centre is planned with facilities for indoor and outdoor activities.
136
This will be on the western side of the development, just below the road that branches off from London Road.
137
There'll be a clinic where residents can go if they have any health problems.
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Can you see the lake towards the top of the map?
139
The clinic will be just below this, to the right of a street of houses.
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There'll also be a community centre for people of all ages.
141
On the north-east side of the development, there'll be a row of specially designed houses, specifically for residents over 65,
142
and the community centre will be adjoining this.
143
We haven't forgotten about shopping.
144
There'll be a supermarket between the two entrances to the development.
145
We're planning to leave the three large trees near London Road, and it'll be just to the south of these.
146
It's planned to have a playground for younger children.
147
If you look at the road that goes up from the south entrance, you'll see it curves round to the left at the top,
148
and the playground will be in that curve with nice views of the lake.
149
Okay, so now, does anyone have...
150
That is the end of part two.
151
You now have half a minute to check your answers.
152
Now turn to part three.
153
First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
154
Now listen and answer questions 21 to 26.
155
So, Michelle, shall we make a start on our presentation?
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We haven't got that much time left.
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No, Adam, but at least we've done all the background reading.
158
I found it really interesting.
159
I'd never even heard of the Larky eruption before this.
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Me neither.
161
I suppose 1783 is a long time ago.
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But it was a huge eruption, and it had such devastating consequences.
163
I know.
164
It was great there were so many primary sources to look at.
165
It really gives you a sense of how catastrophic the volcano was.
166
People were really trying to make sense of the science for the first time.
167
That's right.
168
But what I found more significant was how it impacted directly and indirectly on political events,
169
as well as having massive social and economic consequences.
170
I know.
171
That should be the main focus of our presentation.
172
The observations made by people at the time were interesting, weren't they?
173
I mean, they all gave a pretty consistent account of what happened, even if they didn't always use the same terminology.
174
Yeah.
175
I was surprised there were so many weather stations established by that time.
176
So, you know, you can see how the weather changed often by the hour.
177
Right.
178
Writers at the time talked about the larky haze to describe the volcanic fog that spread across Europe.
179
They all realised that this wasn't the sort of fog they were used to.
180
And, of course, this was in pre-industrial times, so they hadn't experienced sulphur-smelling fog before.
181
No, that's true.
182
Reports from the period blamed the haze for an increase in headaches, respiratory issues and asthma attacks.
183
And they all describe how it covered the sun and made it look a strange red colour.
184
Hmm, must have been very weird.
185
It's interesting that Benjamin Franklin wrote about the haze.
186
Did you read that?
187
He was the American ambassador in Paris at the time.
188
Yeah.
189
At first no one realised that the haze was caused by the volcanic eruption in Iceland.
190
It was Benjamin Franklin who realised that before anyone else.
191
He's often credited with that apparently.
192
But a French naturalist beat him to it.
193
I can't remember his name.
194
I'd have to look it up.
195
Then other naturalists had the same idea.
196
All independently of each other.
197
Oh, right.
198
We should talk about the immediate impact of the eruption, which was obviously enormous, especially in Iceland where so many people died.
199
Hmm.
200
You'd expect that.
201
And the fact that the volcanic ash drifted so swiftly, but not that the effects would go on for so long.
202
Or that two years after the eruption, strange weather events were being reported as far away as North America and North Africa.
203
No, I found all that hard to believe, too.
204
It must have been terrible, and there was nothing anyone could do about it, even if they knew the ash cloud was coming in their direction.
205
Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
206
Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
207
We should run through some of the terrible consequences of the eruption experienced in different countries.
208
There's quite a varied range.
209
Starting with Iceland, where the impact on farming was devastating.
210
One of the most dramatic things there was the effect on livestock as they grazed in the fields.
211
They were poisoned because they ate vegetation that had been contaminated with fluorine as a result of the volcanic fallout.
212
That was horrible.
213
In Egypt, the bizarre weather patterns led to a severe drought, and as a result the Nile didn't flood, which meant the crops all failed.
214
It's so far from where the eruption happened, and yet the famine there led to more people dying than any other country.
215
It was worse than the plague.
216
OK.
217
Then in the UK the mortality rate went up a lot, presumably from respiratory illnesses.
218
According to one report, it was about double the usual number
219
and included an unusually high percentage of people under the age of 25.
220
Hmm.
221
I think people will be surprised to hear that the weather in the USA was badly affected too.
222
George Washington even makes a note in his diary that they were snowbound until March in Virginia.
223
That was before he became president.
224
Yes, and there was ice floating down the Mississippi, which was unprecedented.
225
Oh, astonishing, really.
226
Anyway, what do you think we should include?
227
That is the end of part three.
228
You now have half a minute to check your answers.
229
Now turn to part four.
230
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
231
Thank you.
232
Now listen and answer questions 31 to 40.
233
Good morning.
234
Now, we've been asked to choose an aspect of European clothing or fashion and to talk about its development over time.
235
I decided to focus on a rather small area of clothing, and that's pockets.
236
I chose pockets for two reasons, really.
237
We all have them in jeans, jackets, coats, for example.
238
and even though we often carry bags or briefcases as well,
239
nothing is quite as convenient as being able to pop your phone or credit card into your pocket.
240
Yet, I suspect that other than that, people don't really think about pockets too much and they're rather overlooked as a fashion item.
241
It's certainly very interesting to go back in time and see how pockets developed for men and women.
242
In the 18th century, fashions were quite different from the way they are now, and pockets were too.
243
If we think about male fashion first, that was the time when suits became popular.
244
Trousers were knee-length only, and referred to as breeches.
245
The waistcoats were short, and the jackets were long.
246
but all three garments were lined with material and pockets were sewn into this cloth by whichever tailor the customer used.
247
The wearer could then carry small objects such as pencils
248
or coins on their person and reach them through a gap in the lining.
249
Coat pockets became increasingly decorative on the outside for men who wanted to look stylish
250
But they were often larger but plainer if the wearer was someone with a profession who needed to carry medical instruments,
251
a doctor or physician, for example.
252
The development of women's pockets was a little different.
253
For one thing, they weren't nearly as visible or as easy to reach as men's.
254
In the 18th and 19th centuries, women carried numerous possessions on their person, and some of these could be worth a lot of money.
255
Women were more vulnerable to theft, and wealthy women, in particular, worried constantly about pickpockets.
256
So, what they did was to have a pair of pockets made that were tied together with string.
257
The pockets were made of fabric, which might be recycled cloth if the wearer had little money, or something more expensive, such as linen,
258
sometimes featuring very delicate embroidery.
259
Women tied the pockets around their waist, so that they hung beneath their clothes.
260
Remember, skirts were long then, and there was plenty of room to hide a whole range of small possessions between the layers of petticoats
261
that were commonly worn.
262
They would have an opening in the folds of their skirts, through which they could reach whatever they needed, like their perfume.
263
Working women, of course, also needed to carry around items
264
that they might use for whatever job or trade they were involved in.
265
but their pairs of pockets still remained on the inside of their clothing.
266
They just got bigger or longer, sometimes reaching down to their knees.
267
So, the tie-on pockets went well into the 19th century and only changed when fashion altered towards the end of that period.
268
That's when dresses became tighter and less bulky and the pairs of pockets became very noticeable.
269
They stood out too much and detracted from the woman's image.
270
Women who had been used to carrying around a range of personal possessions and still wanted to, needed somewhere to carry these items about their person.
271
That was when small bags, or pouches as they were known, came into fashion and, of course,
272
they inevitably led onto the handbag of more modern times, particularly when fashion removed pockets altogether.
273
That is the end of part four.
274
You now have ten minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
275
Thank you.
276
Thank you.
277
Thank you.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
วิดีโอนี้มี 277 ประโยค และ 2937 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 26:15 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 112 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม 85% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| pocket คำนาม | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | กระเป๋า |
| clothing คำนาม | /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ | เสื้อผ้า |
| entrance คำนาม | /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ | ทางเข้า |
| possession คำนาม | /pəˈzɛʃn̩/ | การถูกสิง |
| consequence คำนาม | /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/ | ผล, ผลลัพธ์ |
| sheet คำนาม | /ʃit/ | แผ่น |
| coat คำนาม | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | เสื้อนอก, เสื้อโค้ท |
| salary คำนาม | /ˈsæləɹi/ | เงินเดือน, ค่าจ้าง |
| knee คำนาม | /ni/ | เข่า, หัวเข่า |
| jacket คำนาม | /ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/ | เสื้อแจ็กเก็ต, เสื้อนอก |
| chef คำนาม | /ʃɛf/ | หัวหน้าพ่อครัว, เชฟ |
| clinic คำนาม | /ˈklɪn.ɪk/ | คลินิก, เวชสถาน |
| cloth คำนาม | /klɒθ/ | ผ้า |
| skirt คำนาม | /skɚt/ | กระโปรง |
| playground คำนาม | /ˈpleɪɡɹaʊnd/ | สนามเด็กเล่น |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 65 ครั้ง เช่น there'll, they're, you'd ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, cloth /klɒθ/, beneath /bɪˈniːθ/, wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, theft /θɛft/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: eruption /ɪˈɹʌpʃən/, possession /pəˈzɛʃn̩/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, sheet /ʃit/, chef /ʃɛf/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: respiratory /ɹɪˈspɪ.ɹət.ə.ɹi/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, ambassador /æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง pocket, clothing, entrance เป็นพิเศษ
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've never done · have shown · we've selected |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | will be played · being followed · be finished |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | people who have · eruption, which was · Mississippi, which was |
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ