ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: The Cheating Double Standard Nobody Talks About
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167 ประโยค
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1
How do men and women view cheating differently? So it's really interesting.
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We asked this question.
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I don't think it'd been asked before.
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We know that infidelity is something that
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Americans largely, across the political divide, across all these different demographic groups, they view as morally wrong.
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It's something like eight and 10 or nine and 10.
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And that's been consistent.
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We've changed our attitudes on a lot of different kinds of personal behavior.
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We've become more accepting on some, like homosexuality.
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But when it comes to infidelity, especially marital infidelity, Americans strongly oppose.
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There's an interesting wrinkle in this.
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And that we asked, in our survey, we split the sample.
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So we asked two independent groups.
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One, if a man commits adultery, and one is the woman commits adultery.
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And we had everyone rate whether it's morally wrong or morally acceptable.
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and we found that when it comes to men cheating, there wasn't much of a gender difference.
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That across the board, pretty much people said, like, yeah, when a man cheats, it's morally wrong.
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When it comes to women,
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women, especially younger women, were far less likely to take a kind of hardline approach and say it was morally wrong in, like, all circumstances.
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There was more like, well, it's either not a moral issue or morally acceptable.
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and you know i i hypothesize
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that well there's a couple of things might be happening it might be
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that you know men uh do commit uh adulterous acts more often um there are power dynamics uh potentially
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that they're thinking about um it could be just
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that ideologically there's a we know that that
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when it comes to things like a shared fate
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or linked fate this idea like what happens to other people impacts
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you is much higher among young women than it is among uh men or older women.
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So there's a number of things that might be going on here,
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but we know that it matters to women who's doing the cheating and what the circumstances are.
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When asked, is it morally wrong for a man or a woman to cheat?
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Yeah.
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Men were asked and it was basically the same.
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It's morally wrong for men.
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Men judge men the same way they judge women, but women judge women differently than men.
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Did women judge men more harshly than men judged men?
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No, it was actually pretty similar.
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Okay.
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So everybody, three quadrants of this four quadrant survey are all pretty much the same.
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Yeah.
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Men judge female cheating and male cheating the same.
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Yeah.
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And females judge male cheating the same.
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Yep.
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But females judge female cheating differently.
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Yeah.
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And it's mostly young women.
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So older women are, I think, pretty similar to others.
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So it's young women who really stand out on that measure.
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and you think
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that this is shared fate to a degree shared fate uh
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experiences with cheating women are simply more likely to have experience with being cheated on than men um
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so this is some righteous retribution
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so they're like yeah they may have heard stories like oh you know she she cheated
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but like you know this guy was a real jerk and
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so like it it could be informed through those kinds of experiences um this is we're all hypothesizing here
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because i don't i don't have did you uh oh
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i guess it was just a survey you didn't say
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i'll say why why have you got this oh that's quite an ugly stat yeah i suppose
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that there is this i mean what you do see this more
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so online like i i at least from again going anecdotally
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i don't see many guys coming out to excuse the behavior of a man cheating on his partner like
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if he's got a wife and this might just be the echo chambers
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that i'm in uh but i would say that there is a an implication of like, what did he do to deserve it?
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Yeah.
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As opposed to what did she do to deserve it?
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And that seems to be reflected in the survey data too.
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Yeah.
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And there's probably, I think there's like a mirrored conversation happening around the issue of like sexual assault where women will say like,
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well, every woman knows someone who's been sexually assaulted, but no man has a friend who sexually assaults women.
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Right.
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So you have this sense of like, okay, how can both these things be true?
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Um, well, it's quite, at least I, David Buss has got a pretty easy explanation for that,
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which is that it's not a thousand men doing one incident each.
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It's one man in a thousand doing a thousand incidents.
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That like there is tail risk.
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It's repeated offenders that are inside the group of men.
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I'm convinced of that argument when it comes to like the more serious offenses.
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But I think when it comes to sort of less pernicious sort of sexual harassment online, I think is not just one or two perpetrators.
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I think it's a much larger group, but I think that, yeah, I'd agree with his perhaps take on the more serious offenses.
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It's interesting, man.
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Like I remember seeing kind of the wild west of Twitter the first time around, not the second time around, which we're in again, I suppose.
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And some of the shit that guys would post in response to women was like call of duty lobby level stuff.
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And it's, there's just, there is a limit for what should be acceptable in like common public discourse.
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Just because you can say it doesn't mean that it's okay.
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And I get it.
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Like you can have trolling and all the rest.
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This is before trolling.
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This is before there was a meme setup that you could have been anti -memetically, like sardonically cool working against,
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you know, I'm not contravening this, this norm.
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No norms have been created, dude.
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It's fucking 2015 or something.
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Uh, so I, I get that.
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I, I didn't consider the potential for like online sexual harassment to creep in, in this sort of a way.
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And I imagine that, especially if you're a young woman growing up in a society that's got it's post me too.
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There's a lot of concern about safety around men and bears and woods and stuff.
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And then there's this thing that happens online.
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And then you see this thing and, you know, maybe your mother at your age would have blown it off or maybe she wouldn't have done,
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but now it's really going to hit at this thing, this, this fear, this very visceral fear that every woman has.
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And it's then been perhaps magnified or multiplied through, through modern social media and stuff like that's, that's going to be a gnarly, a gnarly situation.
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Yeah.
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And I think too, the, the extent to which this stuff can like follow you home, right?
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Like you feel like I'm in my home, in my apartment, this is my safe space.
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Wait a minute, I'm getting emails and instant messages
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in a place where I'm supposed to feel safe that are promising to like harm me.
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The other thing too, that I think it's not just about, you know, the harassment either.
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You know, we know that women are more likely to get asked for, to share news.
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So naked pictures of themselves, right?
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And so there's - Who wants to see guy nudes?
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That's my question.
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Not me.
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Yeah, no, me neither mark does but yeah that's it yeah uh
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and so the like there's ways in which that can be exploitative
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and and um uh you know harmful too
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but it's right it happens an awful lot and
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so like like where do you draw the line in some of this stuff i would say
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that boys shouldn't be asking for for nudes of their female classmates in general
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but there's not as strict norms against this stuff
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so what happens is the the girls and young men have to sort of erect those walls and and establish that
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Don't use the word erect when we're talking about it.
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Come on.
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Yeah.
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I mean, look, I can't, I can't, I can't, I can't help but think about it as you were talking about that,
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the difference in supply versus demand of male nudes to female nudes.
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Yeah.
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That like just the straight up supply of unsolicited dick pics, very high.
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Like we don't need any more.
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You want to talk about living in an abundance society?
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We're post abundance with dick pics on the internet, especially if Conor McGregor's online.
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The psychology of that I've never understood.
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Just the unsolicited dick pic?
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Yeah.
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Yeah, very strange.
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You need to work on your dick pics.
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Then on the other side, the request, like, no, I don't know.
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Has any woman ever asked for an unsolicited dick pic?
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Maybe not.
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That might be a world first if a woman went to go and do it now.
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But then on the other side, the demand for female nudes, if I could polymarket this, it would be like, it would just,
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the lines would be at the opposite ends of the graph.
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Not sponsored by fucking polymarket, by the way.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “The Cheating Double Standard Nobody Talks About” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 167 ประโยค และ 1879 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 9:50 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 191 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 82% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| cheat คำกริยา | /ˈt͡ʃiːt/ | โกง |
| nude คำคุณศัพท์ | /n(j)uːd/ | เปลือย |
| fate คำนาม | /feɪt/ | ดวง, โชคชะตา |
| norm คำนาม | /nɔːm/ | บรรทัดฐาน |
| guarantee คำนาม | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | การรับประกัน |
| wisdom คำนาม | /ˈwɪzdəm/ | ภูมิปัญญา |
| circumstance คำนาม | /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/ | กรณี, สถานการณ์ |
| extent คำนาม | /ɪkˈstɛnt/ | ขอบข่าย, ขนาด |
| harm คำนาม | /hɑːm/ | ความเสียหาย |
| mirror คำนาม | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | กระจก, กระจกเงา |
| founder คำนาม | /ˈfaʊ̯n.dəː/ | ผู้สร้าง, ผู้ก่อตั้ง |
| explanation คำนาม | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | การอธิบาย |
| label คำนาม | /ˈleɪ.bəl/ | ฉลาก |
| naked คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈneɪkɪd/ | ล่อนจ้อน, โล้งโต้ง |
| ugly คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈʌɡli/ | น่าเกลียด |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- I don't think it'd been asked before.
- We've become more accepting on some, like homosexuality.
- You want to talk about living in an abundance society?
- The psychology of that I've never understood.
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์ | if I could polymarket this, it would be · If you don't love it, they will give |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | been asked · were asked · is shared |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | that's been · We've changed · We've become |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | women who really · friend who sexually · back, which is |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 40 ครั้ง เช่น don't, I'm, can't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, subscription /səbˈskɹɪpʃən/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: acceptable /əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/, differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: acceptable /əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/, offense /əˈfɛns/, oppose /əˈpoʊz/, abundance /əˈbʌn.dn̩s/, circumstance /ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: versus /ˈvɝsəs/, convince /kənˈvɪns/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, prevalent /ˈpɹɛvələnt/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/, oppose /əˈpoʊz/, hypothesize /haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง cheat, nude, fate เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ