Shadowing Practice: Vol 1 - test 6 - section 4 - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Part 4.
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You will hear part of a lecture on bird research in Australia.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Good afternoon.
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This is the third session of the series of lectures on wildlife.
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For this lecture, we're going to look at two studies on the habitats of birds and protection measures taken in Australia,
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including the basic methodology and related areas of research.
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Now, let me give you some background information about the first research project on birds.
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The study was carried out by R .B.
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Cunningham and his team from the Australian National University in 1995.
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The primary goal was to detect the breeding habits and resting sites of some birds, especially those protected species in urban regions.
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These species included birds like peregrine falcons and kestrels in Australia.
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The bird data set consisted of a total of 153 species recorded from 946 sites.
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One might expect that in order to obtain valid data on their distribution patterns and population densities, researchers had to count through binoculars.
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Instead, they managed to estimate with various standard distance sampling methods like random sampling.
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In addition, a mapping system was used to study their companionship behaviour.
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It recorded proposed birds' nesting sites to monitor the mating behaviour of targeted species.
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To obtain valid data of birds' whereabouts, researchers attached identity tags to birds' legs, transmitting radio signals.
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The tagging process was done when the birds were between 5 and 7 days of age.
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After the initial tagging, data was collected from subsets of radio -tagged birds, making it possible to assess the trends of birds over 15 months.
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So, what did they find?
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Well, as it turned out, many of the birds tagged had the tendency to nest in the same habitat where they grew up.
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Their nesting sites were quite varied and included freshwater reed beds, tidal reed beds, agricultural crops and man -made sites.
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Even though naturally occurring nests were common, birds sometimes accidentally nested in man -made devices like power towers, chimneys and tunnels.
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This research also studied the impact of humans on bird communities
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and found out that pollution had contributed greatly to the declining birth rates of some species,
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which were considered to be extinct or threatened to vanish from the study area.
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These species are dependent on natural forests because of their breeding holes.
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They will become extinct when local natural forests continue to be polluted heavily.
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A number of measures were thus taken by members from local animal conservation organisations to boost their alarming survival rates.
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Firstly, breeding boxes were placed in trees taking on the role of breeding holes that were contaminated.
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Protection guidelines were also introduced strictly prohibiting killing, disturbance and habitat destruction.
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A further measure was taken to ensure the safety of birds from wind farms.
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In fact, birds are sometimes shedded by wind turbine blades.
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A great deal of work was done on how to prevent them from colliding with turbines.
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A case in point was protecting space for bird migration by ensuring that migratory routes were kept free.
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Falcons generally cope well with wind turbines, but not in weather conditions where visibility is bad.
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So, with knowledge of how fast falcons fly, bird stations in northern Australia can notify wind farms further south of the falcons' approach
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so that turbines can be shut down as they pass by.
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Then, another piece of research was done a couple of years later by Conway in 2006.
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His team detected the calling frequency of seabirds flying at night.
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Acoustic signals are important communication tools for birds.
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These signals can indicate social cohesion, prey location and breeding behaviour.
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Courtship songs are common among various species during mating seasons.
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Males produce calling songs that attract distant females, and then courtship songs will induce nearby females to respond.
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Surveyors also took recordings of the sounds of all the individual birds detected.
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A tablet PC was used to process detailed information like sound pitch, spectrum, length and timing of surveys.
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To minimise the disturbance on the bird community, all the sounds were recorded from a distance using microphones to detect noise.
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They found that the probability of call events was much higher for solitary birds communicating early and late in the day.
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Further analyses indicated that during foraging, the frequency of calls was significantly greater for birds encountering schooling fish,
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and birds called sooner after a catch in these foraging scenarios compared with when only single fish were encountered.
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The results of this study showed
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that increased calling activity in the presence of more profitable prey could be of crucial importance to seabirds
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that benefit from group foraging.
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So, does anyone have more questions on...

Uygulamayı İndir

Akıcı konuşmak için ihtiyacınız olan her şey

AI TelaffuzHer cümleyi puanla
IPA AlıştırmasıHer sesi ustalaştır
Kelime BilgisiKelime bankanızı oluşturun
Kelime OyunuOynarken öğrenin
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu konuşma dersi “Vol 1 - test 6 - section 4” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: bird, species, breeding, sites, falcons. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 56 cümle ve 777 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 6:09 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 126 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %76’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

KelimeTelaffuzAnlam
tag isim/tæɡ/etiket
nest isim/nɛst/yuva
falcon isim/ˈfælkən/doğan, gökdoğan
turbine isim/ˈtɜː.baɪn/türbin
lecture isim/ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/konferans, ders
obtain fiil/əbˈteɪn/elde etmek, almak
frequency isim/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/frekans
indicate fiil/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/belirtmek, göstermek
encounter fiil/ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/rastlamak
reed isim/ɹiːd/saz
researcher isim/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/araştırmacı, araştırıcı
extinct sıfat/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/söndürülmek
occur fiil/əˈkɜː/olmak
compare fiil/kəmˈpɛɚ/karşılaştırmak, kıyaslamak
collect fiil/ˈkɑlɪkt/katılmak, toplamak

Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller

KelimeAnlam
find out fiilanlamak, ortaya çıkarmak
grow up fiilbüyümek, yetişmek

Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar

  • “th” sesleri: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
  • “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/
  • Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/

Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:

  • /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/, wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/, whereabouts /ˌ(h)wɛəɹəˈbaʊts/, freshwater /ˈfɹɛʃˌwɔːtə(ɹ)/
  • Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: breed /ˈbɹiːd/, frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/, prey /pɹeɪ/, greatly /ˈɡɹeɪ̯t.li/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/
  • /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: tag /tæɡ/, falcon /ˈfælkən/, habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/, valid /ˈvælɪd/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

  1. Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
  2. Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
  3. Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; tag, nest, falcon gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

Shadowing tekniği: adım adım eksiksiz rehberi okuyun →