跟讀練習: Vol 1 - test 6 - section 4 - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。

56 句

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Part 4.

You will hear part of a lecture on bird research in Australia.

First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.

Thank you.

Good afternoon.

This is the third session of the series of lectures on wildlife.

For this lecture, we're going to look at two studies on the habitats of birds and protection measures taken in Australia,

including the basic methodology and related areas of research.

Now, let me give you some background information about the first research project on birds.

The study was carried out by R .B.

Cunningham and his team from the Australian National University in 1995.

The primary goal was to detect the breeding habits and resting sites of some birds, especially those protected species in urban regions.

These species included birds like peregrine falcons and kestrels in Australia.

The bird data set consisted of a total of 153 species recorded from 946 sites.

One might expect that in order to obtain valid data on their distribution patterns and population densities, researchers had to count through binoculars.

Instead, they managed to estimate with various standard distance sampling methods like random sampling.

In addition, a mapping system was used to study their companionship behaviour.

It recorded proposed birds' nesting sites to monitor the mating behaviour of targeted species.

To obtain valid data of birds' whereabouts, researchers attached identity tags to birds' legs, transmitting radio signals.

The tagging process was done when the birds were between 5 and 7 days of age.

After the initial tagging, data was collected from subsets of radio -tagged birds, making it possible to assess the trends of birds over 15 months.

So, what did they find?

Well, as it turned out, many of the birds tagged had the tendency to nest in the same habitat where they grew up.

Their nesting sites were quite varied and included freshwater reed beds, tidal reed beds, agricultural crops and man -made sites.

Even though naturally occurring nests were common, birds sometimes accidentally nested in man -made devices like power towers, chimneys and tunnels.

This research also studied the impact of humans on bird communities

and found out that pollution had contributed greatly to the declining birth rates of some species,

which were considered to be extinct or threatened to vanish from the study area.

These species are dependent on natural forests because of their breeding holes.

They will become extinct when local natural forests continue to be polluted heavily.

A number of measures were thus taken by members from local animal conservation organisations to boost their alarming survival rates.

Firstly, breeding boxes were placed in trees taking on the role of breeding holes that were contaminated.

Protection guidelines were also introduced strictly prohibiting killing, disturbance and habitat destruction.

A further measure was taken to ensure the safety of birds from wind farms.

In fact, birds are sometimes shedded by wind turbine blades.

A great deal of work was done on how to prevent them from colliding with turbines.

A case in point was protecting space for bird migration by ensuring that migratory routes were kept free.

Falcons generally cope well with wind turbines, but not in weather conditions where visibility is bad.

So, with knowledge of how fast falcons fly, bird stations in northern Australia can notify wind farms further south of the falcons' approach

so that turbines can be shut down as they pass by.

Then, another piece of research was done a couple of years later by Conway in 2006.

His team detected the calling frequency of seabirds flying at night.

Acoustic signals are important communication tools for birds.

These signals can indicate social cohesion, prey location and breeding behaviour.

Courtship songs are common among various species during mating seasons.

Males produce calling songs that attract distant females, and then courtship songs will induce nearby females to respond.

Surveyors also took recordings of the sounds of all the individual birds detected.

A tablet PC was used to process detailed information like sound pitch, spectrum, length and timing of surveys.

To minimise the disturbance on the bird community, all the sounds were recorded from a distance using microphones to detect noise.

They found that the probability of call events was much higher for solitary birds communicating early and late in the day.

Further analyses indicated that during foraging, the frequency of calls was significantly greater for birds encountering schooling fish,

and birds called sooner after a catch in these foraging scenarios compared with when only single fish were encountered.

The results of this study showed

that increased calling activity in the presence of more profitable prey could be of crucial importance to seabirds

that benefit from group foraging.

So, does anyone have more questions on...

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音標練習掌握每個音

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“Vol 1 - test 6 - section 4”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：bird, species, breeding, sites, falcons。這段影片共有 56 個句子、777 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 6:09。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 126 個詞，很適合跟讀。只有 76% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
tag 名詞	/tæɡ/	標簽 /標籤
breed 動詞	/ˈbɹiːd/	配種 /配種
nest 名詞	/nɛst/	вә, 岫
detect 動詞	/dɪˈtɛkt/	察覺 /察覺, 發覺 /發覺
falcon 名詞	/ˈfælkən/	隼
turbine 名詞	/ˈtɜː.baɪn/	渦輪機 /渦輪機, 輪機 /輪機
lecture 名詞	/ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/	演講 /演講
obtain 動詞	/əbˈteɪn/	獲得 /獲得
valid 形容詞	/ˈvælɪd/	有效的
frequency 名詞	/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/	頻率 /頻率, 頻度 /頻度
indicate 動詞	/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/	表明, 表示
encounter 動詞	/ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/	遇到, 遇見 /遇見
reed 名詞	/ɹiːd/	蘆葦 /蘆葦
prey 名詞	/pɹeɪ/	獵物 /獵物
researcher 名詞	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	研究員 /研究員, 研究者

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	發音	釋義
carry out 動詞	/ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/	進行 /進行
find out 動詞		找出, 查明
grow up 動詞		長大 /長大
turn out 動詞		原來 /原來

需要注意的發音

“th” 音: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: destruction /dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, pollution /pəˈluʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, organisation /ˈɔː.ɡə.naɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: valid /ˈvælɪd/, survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/, conservation /ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, visibility /ˌvɪz.əˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: tag /tæɡ/, breed /ˈbɹiːd/, nest /nɛst/, detect /dɪˈtɛkt/, habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, greatly /ˈɡɹeɪ̯t.li/, alarm /əˈlɑɹm/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, strictly /ˈstɹɪktli/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 tag, breed, nest 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Vol 1 - test 6 - section 4 - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

下載應用

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