跟讀練習: RE2 Unit 2B - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。

32 句

如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。

Track 4.

Reading 2B.

The 1,000-year bird song.

Every summer, the calls of thousands of swamp sparrows can be heard across North America's wetlands.

These little brown birds know only a few songs, but they know them very well.

In fact, their musical set list probably hasn't changed much for centuries.

Like humans, baby swamp sparrows learn to communicate by copying adults.

From a young age, they learn to copy or mimic songs sung by their elders.

Swamp sparrows very rarely make mistakes when they learn their songs, says biologist Robert Lackland.

In fact, their mimicry is so accurate that the music changes little between generations.

Just like children, the sparrows don't remember every song they hear, Lackland says.

They don't just learn songs at random.

They pick up commoner songs rather than rarer songs.

In other words, they learn songs they hear most often.

It's an example of a strategy that scientists call conformist bias.

Until recently, this learning ability was thought to be special only to humans.

Between 2008 and 2009,

Lackland's research team recorded the calls of 615 male swamp sparrows

across the northeastern United States the researchers used computer software to break each song into a collection of notes

or syllables they then measured the differences between the tunes the research revealed that only two percent of male sparrows

sung a different song from the standard tune.

The combination of accurate mimicry and conformist bias allows the birds to create traditions that last for centuries.

With those two ingredients together, you end up with traditions that are really stable, says Lachlan.

The song types that you hear in the marshes of North America today may well have been there 1,000 years ago.

Lackland's study is among the first to measure the longevity of song traditions within a bird species.

Another aspect scientists are now exploring is the impact of habitat loss on songbirds.

Man-made barriers, such as cities, roads, and plantations, can break up a bird population into a number of isolated groups.

These barriers may prevent cultural interaction between songbird populations, such as the exchange of song types.

The findings are really exciting, says scientist Andrew Farnsworth.

He hopes that future research will evolve from these studies.

For example, scientists may be able to identify how other animals are able to preserve their cultural traditions.

seeing the potential for it in other organisms is super cool, says Farnsworth.

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流利口語所需的一切

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詞彙學習建立你的詞庫

詞彙遊戲邊玩邊學

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RE2 Unit 8A

Daily ConversationUniversity Students

FOR YOU

本課的詞彙與口語要點

影片中反覆出現的詞有：song, sparrows, bird, learn, swamp。這段影片共有 32 個句子、399 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 3:30。說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 114 個詞，很適合跟讀。只有 80% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
sparrow 名詞	/ˈspæɹoʊ/	麻雀
swamp 名詞	/ˈswɑmp/	沼澤 /沼澤, 沼澤地 /沼澤地
conformist 形容詞	/kənˈfɔɹ.mɪst/	遵循常規的 /遵循常規的
mimicry 名詞	/ˈmɪm.ɪ.kɹi/	擬態 /擬態, 模仿
songbird 名詞	/ˈsɔŋˌbɝd/	鳴禽 /鳴禽, 鳴鳥 /鳴鳥
barrier 名詞	/ˈbæɹi.ə/	障, 柵欄 /柵欄
bias 名詞	/ˈbaɪ.əs/	偏見 /偏見
biologist 名詞	/baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/	生物學家 /生物學家
excite 動詞	/ɪkˈsaɪt/	激動 /激動
syllable 名詞	/ˈsɪl.ə.bəl/	音節 /音節
wetland 名詞		濕地 /溼地
longevity 名詞	/lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/	長壽 /長壽
organism 名詞	/ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/	生物, 有機體 /有機體
isolate 動詞	/ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/	孤立
plantation 名詞	/plænˈteɪʃən/	種植園 /種植園

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
pick up 動詞	拾取, 撿 /撿

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 3 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, hasn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: plantation /plænˈteɪʃən/, marsh /mɑɹʃ/
長單詞——注意重音位置: biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/, longevity /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: longevity /lɒnˈd͡ʒɛv.ɪ.ti/, evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: swamp /ˈswɑmp/, conformist /kənˈfɔɹ.mɪst/, songbird /ˈsɔŋˌbɝd/, bias /ˈbaɪ.əs/, biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/
/æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: sparrow /ˈspæɹoʊ/, barrier /ˈbæɹi.ə/, plantation /plænˈteɪʃən/, habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 sparrow, swamp, conformist 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: RE2 Unit 2B - 通過影片學習英語口語

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