Shadowing-Übung: Who Am I? - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
Übungsmodus wählen
Jeder Modus öffnet einen Übungsraum im Vollbild.
86 Sätze
Wenn Sätze zu kurz oder zu lang sind, klicke auf Edit, um sie anzupassen.
1
Over a lifetime, all of us change to an extraordinary degree.
2
From a physical perspective, we start off as a little bundle about 50 cm high, with cherubic features and elastic soft skin.
3
And then we may end up, some 90 years later, as a stooped, grey, liver -spotted, 180 cm high structure.
4
In the intervening period, every single cell in our body will have been replaced,
5
often many times over, and will have gone through all kinds of experiences that perhaps leave almost no trace in memory.
6
The 25 -year -old won't remember most of what the 5 -year -old felt so strongly about.
7
The 67 -year -old will only dimly recall what was on their mind as they approached 30.
8
We carry the same name throughout our lives and consider ourselves as a relatively stable, unitary entity.
9
But is it really right to think of ourselves as the same person?
10
Once one puts it under a philosophical microscope, the issue of personal identity emerges as far trickier than at first assumed.
11
So in what ways could we be said to be continuous throughout time?
12
What does guarantee that we can plausibly think of ourselves as the same people over a lifetime?
13
Just where is personal identity located?
14
A standard assumption is that it's our body that guarantees our personal identity.
15
This is the theory that a key part of what makes me me is that I'm housed in an identical body.
16
But philosophers like to push this assumption around a little.
17
Imagine if I lost all my hair, would I still be me?
18
Yes, sure.
19
What if I lost a finger?
20
Yes, a leg?
21
Definitely.
22
Now, what if a malevolent demon appeared and told us that we'd have to lose every part of our bodies, but could keep just one bit.
23
Which bit would it be?
24
Few of us would pick our elbow or belly button.
25
Almost all of us would pick our brains.
26
Now that tells us something interesting.
27
We assume implicitly that some bits of our bodies are more me -ish, closer to the core of personal identity than others.
28
And the most me -ish of all the bits are our brains.
29
Christianity runs a version of this thought experiment.
30
It asked us to think what will happen after our death, and it imagines a separation of the body, ultimately not that significant, and the ongoing survival of a more modest,
31
precious bit that it calls the soul.
32
There's another version of this thought experiment that two lovers can play.
33
In the early throes of love, two people who've gone to bed together might ask, what do you really like about me?
34
The wrong answer is to say your fabulous breasts or your amazing muscular arms.
35
Breasts and chest don't ultimately feel me -ish enough to be a respectable answer.
36
It seems we want to be loved for something closer to our real self, perhaps our soul or our brain.
37
Now let's push the thought experiment further.
38
What bit of the brain is actually most crucial to being me?
39
Let's imagine that I have a bump to the head and lose my ability to play table tennis.
40
Am I still myself?
41
Most of us would say yes, sure.
42
What if I once spoke Latin and lose the ability or forgot how to cook asparagus with a light mayonnaise sauce?
43
Would I still be me?
44
Yes.
45
In other words, technical capacities don't feel very close to the core of personal identity.
46
What about other kinds of memories?
47
A big part of making me me Tends to be my
48
store of memories I remember the carpet in my bedroom
49
when I was growing up or the girl I was in love with at university
50
or the weather over Sydney as we came into land for my first Australian book tour
51
But what if these memories all vanished as well?
52
Could I still be me?
53
One view is possibly so long as something else remained and that thing we can call my character.
54
In other words, if my characteristic way of responding to situations, my sense of what is funny,
55
wise, interesting or important remain the same, I can still in some fundamental way claim to be the same person.
56
My memory store of feelings and behaviors might be gone, but I could be assured of continuing to feel and behave in compatible ways in the future.
57
Those around me would need to keep reminding me of stuff that had happened, but they would still recognize me as me.
58
A fascinating idea comes into view.
59
Personal identity seems to consist not in bodily survival, I could be put in somebody else's body or live in a jar and still be me,
60
nor in the survival of memory, I could forget everything and still be me, but in the survival of what we're here going to call character.
61
This is an idea attributed to the English philosopher John Locke who famously wrote
62
that personal identity is made up of what he called sameness of consciousness.
63
If a demon offered us a choice between remembering everything but feeling and valuing very differently,
64
or feeling and valuing the same sorts of things but remembering nothing, most of us would, Locke suggests, choose the latter.
65
So, if we have to boil personal identity down to its essence, it seems to come down to values, inclinations and temperament.
66
Let's think of death with all this in mind.
67
The standard view of death is that it's sad because it means the end of our identity.
68
Now, it certainly does mean the end
69
if we identify identity with the survival of our bodies or with that of our memories.
70
But if we think that who we are is to a large degree about our values and uncharacteristic loves and hates, then we are, in a sense,
71
granted a kind of immortality simply through the fact that these will continue to live on in our species as a whole,
72
lodged here and there, outside of their present home.
73
Perhaps what we have learnt to call a me was only
74
ever a temporary resting place for a set of ideas
75
and proclivities that are far are far older and are destined to live on far longer than our bodies.
76
We might attempt to be less sad about death by letting go of the idea
77
that we are a particular constellation of physical features.
78
We are always in a sense far longer lasting, far more transgenerational as a bundle of inclinations and ideas.
79
We will continue to crop up and live wherever those ideas
80
that are most characteristic of us will emerge as they must in the generations that are to come.
81
Focusing in on questions of identity has the paradoxical
82
and rather cheering effect of making us both less attached to certain bits of us
83
and more confident
84
that the really important things about who we have been will
85
survive in a way long after our bodies have returned to dust and our memories have been obliterated.
86
Thank you.
App herunterladen
Alles, was du zum fließenden Sprechen brauchst
KI-AussprachebewertungJeder Satz bewertet
IPA-TrainingJeden Laut meistern
WortschatzBaue deinen Wortschatz auf
VokabelspielSpielend lernen
Gleicher Kanal
C141
The Secret to a Calm Life
British AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
C1PHILOSOPHY - Schopenhauer
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
Why We Go Cold On Our Partners
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Why Parents Bully Their Children
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
Why Love NEVER Lasts FOREVER
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
PLATO ON: The Allegory of the Cave
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Success at School vs Success in Life
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C156
Why Socrates Hated Democracy
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C253
Life is Not About Being Happy
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
How to Be Strong and Resilient
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
Are We Rejecting Them Because They’re Wrong—or Because We’re Unwell?
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How to Find Out What's Really on Your Mind
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
POLITICAL THEORY - Karl Marx
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C160
Why Unloved People Hate Themselves #shorts #selfcare
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C13
How To Get Over Rejection
British AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B224
2 Unexpected Ways to Stop Sabotaging Yourself
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C110
How to Stop Feeling Nostalgic for an Ex
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
How to Get Over Someone
British AccentUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C18
What True Love Really Is
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
How to Parent Yourself
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Empfohlenes Video
C157
80 Sätze
What Are You?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C115
35 Sätze
SEtalk: Why We Hate Being Wrong
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C18
58 Sätze
How To Know Yourself
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B224
30 Sätze
Why don't you remember being a baby?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
318 Sätze
What neuroscience reveals about free will and psychopaths | Sam Harris, Roger Penrose, Sophie Scott
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
120 Sätze
Philomena Cunk being Philomena Cunk
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
9 Sätze
Our Greatest Delusion
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B29
24 Sätze
Why Religious Beliefs Aren't Just Silly
British AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C170
35 Sätze
SEtalk: What a Second Language Does to Your Brain
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C16
89 Sätze
What is time?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
26 Sätze
Beyond Differences
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C18
51 Sätze
IFO | Bài phát biểu xứng tầm 9.0 của sinh viên trường Thanh Hoa | Full Eng-Vie sub
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 86 Sätze und 1174 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 7:16. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 162 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 84 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 weniger häufige Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
- survival /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ (Substantiv) — Überleben. The fact or act of surviving; continued existence or life.
- experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ (Substantiv) — Experiment, Versuch. A test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of…
- guarantee /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ (Substantiv) — Garantie. Anything that assures a certain outcome.
- lifetime /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/ (Substantiv) — Leben, Lebensdauer. The duration of the life of someone or something.
- breast /bɹɛst/ (Substantiv) — Brust. Either of the two organs on the front of a female human's chest, which contain the mammary glands; also the analogous organs in males.
- assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/ (Substantiv) — Übernahme, Annahme. The act of assuming, or taking to or upon oneself; the act of taking up or adopting.
- demon /ˈdiː.mən/ (Substantiv) — Dämon, Teufel. An evil being resident in or working for Hell; a devil.
- characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ (Substantiv) — Merkmal, Eigenschaft. A distinguishing feature of a person or thing, a part of mental or physical behavior.
- bundle /ˈbʌn.dl̩/ (Substantiv) — Bündel. A group of objects held together by wrapping or tying.
- emerge /ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ (Verb) — erscheinen, auftauchen. To come into view.
- philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/ (Substantiv) — Philosoph, Philosophin. A lover of wisdom.
- finger /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ (Substantiv) — Finger. A slender jointed extremity of the human hand, (often) exclusive of the thumb, and the corresponding part, irrespective of including a thumb, in many other…
- stable /ˈsteɪ.bəl/ (Substantiv) — Stall, Pferdestall. A building, wing or dependency set apart and adapted for lodging and feeding (and training) ungulates, especially horses.
- temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ (Adjektiv) — zeitweilig, temporär. Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
- strongly /ˈstɹɔŋli/ (Adverb) — stark. In a strong or powerful manner.
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
- end up (Verb) — sich herausstellen, am Ende irgendwo / etwas sein. To bring to a conclusion.
- grow up (Verb) — aufwachsen, erwachsen werden. To mature and become an adult.
- live on (Verb) — weiterleben. To endure.
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 7 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel don't, I'm, we'd. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: assumption /əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, separation /ˌsɛp.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, assure /əˈʃʊɹ/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie survival, experiment, guarantee.
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | have been replaced · be said · be loved |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | who've gone · have learnt · have been |
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.