Shadowing Practice: Reading Test 1. Seccion 2: Reducing Injuries on the Farm - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Reducing injuries on the farm.
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Farms tend to be full of activity.
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There are always jobs to be done and some tasks require physical manual work.
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While it is good for people to be active, there are risk factors associated with this, and efforts need to be made to reduce them.
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The first risk relates to the carrying of an excessive load or weight.
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This places undue demands on the spine and can cause permanent damage.
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Examples of tasks that involve this risk are moving 50 -kilogram fertilizer bags from one site to another
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or carrying heavy buckets of animal feed around fields.
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According to the UK Health and Safety Executive, activities such as these should be avoided at all times.
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Their documentation states that other methods should be considered,
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such as breaking down the load into smaller containers prior to movement or transporting the materials using a tractor or other vehicle.
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The risk posed by excessive force is made worse
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if the person lifting is also bending over as this increases pressure on the discs in the back.
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If a load is bulky or hard to grasp, such as a lively or agitated animal, it will be more difficult to hold while lifting and carrying.
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The holder may adopt an awkward posture, which is tiring and increases the risk of injury.
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Sometimes a load has to be held away from the body
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because there is a large obstacle in the area
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and the person lifting needs to be able to see where their feet are going.
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This results in increased stress on the back.
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Holding a load at arm's length imposes about five times the stress of a close -to -the -body position.
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In such cases, handling aids should be purchased that can take the weight off the load and minimize the potential for injury.
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Another risk that relates to awkward posture is repetitive bending when carrying out a task.
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An example might be repairing a gate that has collapsed onto the ground.
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This type of activity increases the stress on the lower back
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because the back muscles have to support the weight of the upper body.
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The farmer should think about whether the job can be performed on a workbench, reducing the need for prolonged awkward posture.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 26 frases y 378 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 2:01. El hablante habla rápido, unas 187 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. Solo el 81 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras menos comunes del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
- awkward /ˈɔk.wɚd/ (adjetivo) — torpe, desmañado. Lacking dexterity in the use of the hands, or of instruments.
- distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/ (sustantivo) — distrés, distress. Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
- relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/ (verbo) — relatar. To tell in a descriptive way.
- bend /bɛnd/ (verbo) — cimbrar, cimbrear. To cause (something) to change its shape into a curve, by physical force, chemical action, or any other means.
- excessive /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/ (adjetivo) — excesivo. Exceeding the usual bounds of something; too much (of amount); extravagant; immoderate.
- gate /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ (sustantivo) — puerta, portón. A doorlike structure outside a house.
- muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (sustantivo) — músculo. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
- repair /ˈɹiːpɛɚ/ (verbo) — reparar. To restore to good working order, fix, or improve damaged condition; to mend; to remedy.
- associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/ (sustantivo) — asociado. A person united with another or others in an act, enterprise, or business; a partner or employee.
- manual /ˈmæn.j(u)əl/ (sustantivo) — manual, enquiridión. Synonym of handbook.
- involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/ (verbo) — involucrar. To have (something) as a component or a related part; to comprise, to include.
- holder /ˈhoʊɫdɚ/ (sustantivo) — soporte. A thing that holds.
- adopt /əˈdɑpt/ (verbo) — adoptar, ahijar. To take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the place of, or as, one's own child.
- collapse /kəˈlæps/ (verbo) — derrumbarse, desplomarse. To break apart and fall down suddenly; to cave in.
- farmer /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ (sustantivo) — granjero, granjera. A person who works the land and/or who keeps livestock; anyone engaged in agriculture on a farm.
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
- break down (verbo) — descomponerse, averiarse. To stop functioning.
- carry out /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ (verbo) — llevar a cabo, llevar al cabo. To hold while moving it out.
- think about /ˈθɪŋk əˌbaʊt/ (verbo) — pensar en, ocurrírsele. To ponder.
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, repetitive /ɹɪˈpɛtɪtɪv/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como awkward, distress, relate.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.