Pratica di Shadowing: Reading Test 1. Seccion 2: Reducing Injuries on the Farm - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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Reducing injuries on the farm.
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Farms tend to be full of activity.
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There are always jobs to be done and some tasks require physical manual work.
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While it is good for people to be active, there are risk factors associated with this, and efforts need to be made to reduce them.
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The first risk relates to the carrying of an excessive load or weight.
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This places undue demands on the spine and can cause permanent damage.
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Examples of tasks that involve this risk are moving 50 -kilogram fertilizer bags from one site to another
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or carrying heavy buckets of animal feed around fields.
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According to the UK Health and Safety Executive, activities such as these should be avoided at all times.
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Their documentation states that other methods should be considered,
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such as breaking down the load into smaller containers prior to movement or transporting the materials using a tractor or other vehicle.
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The risk posed by excessive force is made worse
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if the person lifting is also bending over as this increases pressure on the discs in the back.
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If a load is bulky or hard to grasp, such as a lively or agitated animal, it will be more difficult to hold while lifting and carrying.
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The holder may adopt an awkward posture, which is tiring and increases the risk of injury.
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Sometimes a load has to be held away from the body
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because there is a large obstacle in the area
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and the person lifting needs to be able to see where their feet are going.
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This results in increased stress on the back.
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Holding a load at arm's length imposes about five times the stress of a close -to -the -body position.
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In such cases, handling aids should be purchased that can take the weight off the load and minimize the potential for injury.
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Another risk that relates to awkward posture is repetitive bending when carrying out a task.
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An example might be repairing a gate that has collapsed onto the ground.
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This type of activity increases the stress on the lower back
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because the back muscles have to support the weight of the upper body.
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The farmer should think about whether the job can be performed on a workbench, reducing the need for prolonged awkward posture.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 26 frasi e 378 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 2:01. Chi parla va veloce, circa 187 parole al minuto: aspettati suoni legati e ridotti. Solo il 81% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole meno comuni del video, con pronuncia e significato:
- awkward /ˈɔk.wɚd/ (aggettivo) — maldestro, impacciato. Lacking dexterity in the use of the hands, or of instruments.
- distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/ (sostantivo) — angoscia, pena. Physical or emotional discomfort, suffering, or alarm, particularly of a more acute nature.
- relate /ɹɪˈleɪt/ (verbo) — riferire. To tell in a descriptive way.
- bend /bɛnd/ (verbo) — curvare, piegare. To cause (something) to change its shape into a curve, by physical force, chemical action, or any other means.
- excessive /ɪkˈsɛsɪv/ (aggettivo) — eccessivo. Exceeding the usual bounds of something; too much (of amount); extravagant; immoderate.
- gate /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ (sostantivo) — cancello. A doorlike structure outside a house.
- muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (sostantivo) — muscolo. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
- repair /ˈɹiːpɛɚ/ (verbo) — riparare. To restore to good working order, fix, or improve damaged condition; to mend; to remedy.
- manual /ˈmæn.j(u)əl/ (sostantivo) — manuale, guida. Synonym of handbook.
- involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/ (verbo) — coinvolgere. To have (something) as a component or a related part; to comprise, to include.
- holder /ˈhoʊɫdɚ/ (sostantivo) — contenitore, sostegno. A thing that holds.
- adopt /əˈdɑpt/ (verbo) — adottare. To take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the place of, or as, one's own child.
- collapse /kəˈlæps/ (verbo) — collassare, crollare. To break apart and fall down suddenly; to cave in.
- farmer /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/ (sostantivo) — agricoltore, fattore. A person who works the land and/or who keeps livestock; anyone engaged in agriculture on a farm.
- pose /poʊz/ (verbo) — porre. To place in an attitude or fixed position, for the sake of effect.
I phrasal verb che sentirai
- carry out /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ (verbo) — compiere, realizzare. To hold while moving it out.
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, repetitive /ɹɪˈpɛtɪtɪv/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come awkward, distress, relate.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.