Shadowing Practice: Cornel West: How Intellectuals Betrayed the Poor | Big Think - Learn English Speaking with Video
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85 משפטים
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Yeah, I think one was, there was a idolizing of unfettered markets.
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And much, if not most, of the intelligentsia were duped.
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I recall traveling with my dear brother Michael Harrington talking with Brother Stanley Aronowitz years ago,
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and, you know, here we're engaging critiques of unfettered markets, and it looked as if we were medieval thinkers.
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Everybody was saying we're followers of Milton Friedman.
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Everybody was saying Frederick Hayek got it right.
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Everybody was saying marketize, commercialize, commodify.
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And we were still reading Lukács, and Lukács was saying commodification is not simply an asymmetric relation of power,
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of bosses vis -a -vis workers.
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So workers are being more and more marginalized.
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Profits are being produced, wealth is being produced, hemorrhaged at the top.
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No fair distribution of that wealth or profit for workers.
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Poor are being demonized because they are viewed as those persons who are irresponsible, who will not work, who are always looking for welfare,
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i .e., failures in the society of success.
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And we reached the brink and the chickens came home to roost.
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And a few years ago the unfettered markets led us off and over the brink.
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And all of a sudden very few intellectuals want to be honest and acknowledge the degree to which they were duped.
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Don't want to talk about the inequality that went along with it.
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Don't want to talk about the demonization of the poor that went along with it.
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Don't want to talk about the politics of fear
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that produced a republican party that was more
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and more lily white using not just race but also demonizing gay brothers
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and lesbian sisters you see don't want to talk about the indifference toward the poor
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and greed being good and desirable and so forth now it's a very different moment
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and it's not you know just about a pointing fingers but saying somebody's got to take responsibility for this.
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This was a nearly 40 -year run.
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Who paid the cost?
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That's usually the case.
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Poor working people paid the cost, disproportionately black and brown and red.
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So in the age of Obama, we say, okay, can we have a different kind of discussion?
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And that's what we're trying to do.
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But of course, you've got two wars going on.
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You've got still Wall Street in the driver's seat in the Obama administration when it comes to the economic team, you see?
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And you've got very, you know, I think in some ways unimaginative thinking when it comes to foreign policy,
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be it the Middle East or be it European Union or be it Latin America, you know, calling Chavez a dictator, the man's been elected.
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If he's calling in the question of rights and liberties, criticize him as a Democratic president.
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We did the same thing for Bush.
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Bush was calling him the question rights and liberty.
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We didn't call him a dictator.
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We said he's a democratic elected president who's doing the wrong thing.
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Chavez ought to be criticized.
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He's not a dictator.
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The man's been elected.
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But it's that kind of demonizing that obscures and obfuscates the kinds of issues that are necessary because
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Chavez is also talking about poor people.
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Of course, I want libertarian and democratic sides.
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I want rights and liberties and empowerment of poor people.
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But talking about poor people is not a joke it's crucial it's part
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and parcel of the future of any serious democratic project the
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fundamental question of any democracy is what is the relation between public
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and interests and the most vulnerable that's the question
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that is the question the test of your rule of law
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is going to be how are the most vulnerable being treated
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it's not whether the torturers are getting off we know the
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tortures don't have a rule of law applied to them the The wiretappers, they're getting off scot -free.
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What about Jamal with the crack bag?
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Taken to jail for seven years.
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Oh, so you got a different rule of law when it comes to Jamal on the corner versus your
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torturers and your wiretappers?
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Torture is a crime against humanity, it's not just illegal, wiretapping is illegal.
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Now it's not a crime against humanity, because I mean, I'm sure I've had my phone tapped for years.
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I don't think they commit the crime against humanity, they just ought to quit doing it, I think to keep you in mind,
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the demos is always heterogeneous, diverse, got a lot of xenophobic elements among the demos,
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a lot of ignorance, a lot of parochialism, you also have a lot of cosmopolitanism, a lot of globalism, a lot of courage, moral courage.
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So the demos is not one thing.
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But when it comes to the ability of the demos to organize, mobilize, and bring power and pressure to bear.
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we certainly are in a crisis our system is broken we've got 71 of people who want universal health care
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and you can barely get through a reform bill with a
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weak public option it's clear lobbyists from the top pharmaceutical companies
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drug companies have tremendous influence much more than the demos from below you see
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so that that those those preferences don't get translated easily
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because our politicians are beholden to that big money and that big influence
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but i mean the demos are still around thank god you got your own institution
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dialogue dialogue is the lifeblood of a democracy we gotta allow
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ideas to flow you have to expose people to different visions alternative arguments
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and so on to try to keep the torch of the progressive demos alive
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but it's very difficult to to organize it complacency is deep
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apathy is deep uh people are wondering how can you confront you know big finance big
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government tied to big finance when all you got is these little people
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who are willing to talk and so forth
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but have tremendous power bringing uh serious pressure to bear we
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can march you know we marched against the war by the
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millions we were ignored by the bush administration some of us
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went to jail we were ignored we couldn't translate the foreign policy That happened sometimes.
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It was different in Vietnam.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה C2 מבוסס על הסרטון “Cornel West: How Intellectuals Betrayed the Poor”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: demos, poor, democratic. בסרטון הזה יש 85 משפטים ו-1039 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 6:23. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-163 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. רק 81% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| demo שם עצם | /ˈdɛm.oʊ/ | דמו |
| dictator שם עצם | /ˈdɪkˌteɪtəɹ/ | דִיקטָטוֹר, דיקטאטור |
| torturer שם עצם | /ˈtɔː.t͡ʃə.ɹə(ɹ)/ | מענה |
| criticize פועל | /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/ | ביקר |
| translate פועל | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | תִּרְגֵּם |
| organize פועל | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | ארגן |
| tremendous שם תואר | /tɹɪˈmɛndəs/ | עָצוּם |
| apathy שם עצם | /ˈæ.pə.θi/ | אדישות, אָפַּתְיָה |
| indifference שם עצם | /ɪnˈdɪf.ɹəns/ | אֲדִישׁוּת |
| lobbyist שם עצם | /ˈlɑ.bi.ɪst/ | לוביסטי |
| obfuscate פועל | /ˈɑbfəskeɪt/ | החשיך |
| thinker שם עצם | /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/ | אָדָם חוֹשֵׁב |
| parcel שם עצם | /ˈpɑɹsəl/ | חֲבִילָה |
| greed שם עצם | /ɡɹiːd/ | בֶּצַע, חַמְדָנוּת |
| torch שם עצם | /ˈtɔːtʃ/ | לַפִּיד, אֲבוּקָה |
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | were duped · being produced · being demonized |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | man's been elected · I've had |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-20 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו don't, we're, you've. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- הצלילים של “th”: apathy /ˈæ.pə.θi/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: commercialize /kəˈmɚʃəˌlaɪz/, commodification /kəˌmɑ.dɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, disproportionately /ˈdɪs.pɹəˌpɔɹ.ʃən.ət.li/
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: asymmetric /ˌeɪ.səˈmɛt.ɹɪk/, commercialize /kəˈmɚʃəˌlaɪz/, commodification /kəˌmɑ.dɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, commodify /kəˈmɑ.dɪ.faɪ/, complacency /kəmˈpleɪsənˌsiː/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: wiretap /ˈwaɪɚtæp/, inequality /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, apathy /ˈæ.pə.θi/, wiretap /ˈwaɪɚtæp/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: dictator /ˈdɪkˌteɪtəɹ/, torturer /ˈtɔː.t͡ʃə.ɹə(ɹ)/, brink /ˈbɹɪŋk/, criticize /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/, translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו demo, dictator, torturer.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.