Практика Shadowing: Cornel West: How Intellectuals Betrayed the Poor | Big Think - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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85 предложений
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1
Yeah, I think one was, there was a idolizing of unfettered markets.
Да, я думаю, одной из них было обожествление нерегулируемых рынков.
2
And much, if not most, of the intelligentsia were duped.
И большая часть интеллигенции, если не вся она, оказалась обманутой.
3
I recall traveling with my dear brother Michael Harrington talking with Brother Stanley Aronowitz years ago,
Я вспоминаю, как много лет назад мы с моим дорогим братом Майклом Харрингтоном разговаривали с братом Стэнли Ароновицем.
4
and, you know, here we're engaging critiques of unfettered markets, and it looked as if we were medieval thinkers.
и, знаете, здесь мы обсуждаем критику нерегулируемых рынков, и казалось, будто мы — средневековые мыслители.
5
Everybody was saying we're followers of Milton Friedman.
Все говорили, что мы последователи Милтона Фридмана.
6
Everybody was saying Frederick Hayek got it right.
Все говорили, что Фридрих Хайек был прав.
7
Everybody was saying marketize, commercialize, commodify.
Все говорили о рыночной реформе, коммерциализации, превращении в товар.
8
And we were still reading Lukács, and Lukács was saying commodification is not simply an asymmetric relation of power,
И мы всё ещё читали Лукача, а Лукач утверждал, что товарная фетишизация — это не просто асимметричное отношение власти,
9
of bosses vis -a -vis workers.
между начальниками и работниками.
10
So workers are being more and more marginalized.
Таким образом, рабочие всё больше и больше маргинализируются.
11
Profits are being produced, wealth is being produced, hemorrhaged at the top.
Прибыль создаётся, богатство создаётся, и всё это стекается на самый верх.
12
No fair distribution of that wealth or profit for workers.
Рабочие не получают справедливой доли этого богатства или прибыли.
13
Poor are being demonized because they are viewed as those persons who are irresponsible, who will not work, who are always looking for welfare,
Бедных демонизируют, потому что их воспринимают как безответственных людей, которые не хотят работать и постоянно ищут пособия.
14
i .e., failures in the society of success.
то есть неудачники в обществе успеха.
15
And we reached the brink and the chickens came home to roost.
И мы подошли к краю, и всё тайное стало явным.
16
And a few years ago the unfettered markets led us off and over the brink.
А несколько лет назад ничем не ограниченные рынки завели нас в тупик и столкнули с обрыва.
17
And all of a sudden very few intellectuals want to be honest and acknowledge the degree to which they were duped.
И вдруг очень немногие интеллектуалы хотят быть честными и признать, в какой степени их обманули.
18
Don't want to talk about the inequality that went along with it.
Не хочу говорить о неравенстве, которое с этим было связано.
19
Don't want to talk about the demonization of the poor that went along with it.
Не хочу говорить о демонизации бедных, которая сопровождала это.
20
Don't want to talk about the politics of fear
Не хочу говорить о политике страха.
21
that produced a republican party that was more
это породило Республиканскую партию, которая была более
22
and more lily white using not just race but also demonizing gay brothers
23
and lesbian sisters you see don't want to talk about the indifference toward the poor
24
and greed being good and desirable and so forth now it's a very different moment
25
and it's not you know just about a pointing fingers but saying somebody's got to take responsibility for this.
26
This was a nearly 40 -year run.
27
Who paid the cost?
28
That's usually the case.
29
Poor working people paid the cost, disproportionately black and brown and red.
30
So in the age of Obama, we say, okay, can we have a different kind of discussion?
31
And that's what we're trying to do.
32
But of course, you've got two wars going on.
33
You've got still Wall Street in the driver's seat in the Obama administration when it comes to the economic team, you see?
34
And you've got very, you know, I think in some ways unimaginative thinking when it comes to foreign policy,
35
be it the Middle East or be it European Union or be it Latin America, you know, calling Chavez a dictator, the man's been elected.
36
If he's calling in the question of rights and liberties, criticize him as a Democratic president.
37
We did the same thing for Bush.
38
Bush was calling him the question rights and liberty.
39
We didn't call him a dictator.
40
We said he's a democratic elected president who's doing the wrong thing.
41
Chavez ought to be criticized.
42
He's not a dictator.
43
The man's been elected.
44
But it's that kind of demonizing that obscures and obfuscates the kinds of issues that are necessary because
45
Chavez is also talking about poor people.
46
Of course, I want libertarian and democratic sides.
47
I want rights and liberties and empowerment of poor people.
48
But talking about poor people is not a joke it's crucial it's part
49
and parcel of the future of any serious democratic project the
50
fundamental question of any democracy is what is the relation between public
51
and interests and the most vulnerable that's the question
52
that is the question the test of your rule of law
53
is going to be how are the most vulnerable being treated
54
it's not whether the torturers are getting off we know the
55
tortures don't have a rule of law applied to them the The wiretappers, they're getting off scot -free.
56
What about Jamal with the crack bag?
57
Taken to jail for seven years.
58
Oh, so you got a different rule of law when it comes to Jamal on the corner versus your
59
torturers and your wiretappers?
60
Torture is a crime against humanity, it's not just illegal, wiretapping is illegal.
61
Now it's not a crime against humanity, because I mean, I'm sure I've had my phone tapped for years.
62
I don't think they commit the crime against humanity, they just ought to quit doing it, I think to keep you in mind,
63
the demos is always heterogeneous, diverse, got a lot of xenophobic elements among the demos,
64
a lot of ignorance, a lot of parochialism, you also have a lot of cosmopolitanism, a lot of globalism, a lot of courage, moral courage.
65
So the demos is not one thing.
66
But when it comes to the ability of the demos to organize, mobilize, and bring power and pressure to bear.
67
we certainly are in a crisis our system is broken we've got 71 of people who want universal health care
68
and you can barely get through a reform bill with a
69
weak public option it's clear lobbyists from the top pharmaceutical companies
70
drug companies have tremendous influence much more than the demos from below you see
71
so that that those those preferences don't get translated easily
72
because our politicians are beholden to that big money and that big influence
73
but i mean the demos are still around thank god you got your own institution
74
dialogue dialogue is the lifeblood of a democracy we gotta allow
75
ideas to flow you have to expose people to different visions alternative arguments
76
and so on to try to keep the torch of the progressive demos alive
77
but it's very difficult to to organize it complacency is deep
78
apathy is deep uh people are wondering how can you confront you know big finance big
79
government tied to big finance when all you got is these little people
80
who are willing to talk and so forth
81
but have tremendous power bringing uh serious pressure to bear we
82
can march you know we marched against the war by the
83
millions we were ignored by the bush administration some of us
84
went to jail we were ignored we couldn't translate the foreign policy That happened sometimes.
85
It was different in Vietnam.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
В этом видео 85 предложений и 1039 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:23. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 163 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. Только 81% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| demo существительное | /ˈdɛm.oʊ/ | демонстра́ция, пока́з |
| worker существительное | /ˈwɝ.kɚ/ | рабо́тник, рабо́тница |
| liberty существительное | /ˈlɪbəti/ | свобо́да |
| humanity существительное | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | челове́чество |
| elect глагол | /ɪˈlɛkt/ | выбира́ть, вы́брать |
| dictator существительное | /ˈdɪkˌteɪtəɹ/ | дикта́тор |
| ignore глагол | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | игнори́ровать, проигнори́ровать |
| courage существительное | /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ | сме́лость, хра́брость |
| relation существительное | /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ | отноше́ние, зави́симость |
| dialogue существительное | /ˈdaɪəˌlɑɡ/ | диало́г, разгово́р |
| vulnerable прилагательное | /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/ | уязви́мый, рани́мый |
| torture существительное | /ˈtoɹt͡ʃɚ/ | пы́тка, истяза́ние |
| tremendous прилагательное | /tɹɪˈmɛndəs/ | восхити́тельный |
| organize глагол | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | организо́вывать, организова́ть |
| translate глагол | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | переводи́ть, перевести́ |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Значение |
|---|---|
| get off глагол | спуска́ться, спусти́ться |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | were duped · being produced · being demonized |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | man's been elected · I've had |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 20 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, we're, you've. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: apathy /ˈæ.pə.θi/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: relation /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/, commercialize /kəˈmɚʃəˌlaɪz/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, institution /ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как demo, worker, liberty.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.