シャドーイング練習: Bài 8 - Giảm Cân Không Cần Cố! - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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1
This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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And I'm Finn.
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And this is 6 Minute English.
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In today's programme, we're talking about slimming.
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In other words, doing something to lose weight and get thinner.
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Not a problem for you, Finn, eh?
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Well, actually, Rob, I do have a small tyre of fat that's growing around my middle.
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So, even I don't have a perfect body.
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Well, it doesn't show and maybe you are what we call toffee, OK?
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That's thin on the outside and fat on the inside.
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Toffee, OK, right.
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But for people who perceive or think they may be fat on the outside, there could be some good news.
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Mm-hmm, and this is to do with research about the temperature of your house.
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We'll explain more soon and we will look at some related vocabulary.
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But first, Rob, have you got a question for me?
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Of course I have, a big fat question for you.
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Very good.
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This is about calories.
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These are the units that measure how much energy you get from food.
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People who want to lose weight try to eat food with fewer calories in them.
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But what is the recommended number of calories an average man needs each day to maintain a healthy weight?
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Is it a 2,000 calories, b 2,500 calories, or c 3,000 calories?
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Oh no, I should know this.
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I think it's c 3,000 calories.
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Wow.
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Okay.
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That sounds a lot, doesn't it?
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It does.
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We'll find out if you're right later on.
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Thank you.
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Let's talk more now about a possible new way to slim or lose weight.
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New research has found that heating your house too much could make you fat.
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Mmm, and turning the central heating down could make you lose the pounds.
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This is the claim from Dr. Wouter van Markenlichtenbelt, who is a biologist at Maastricht University Medical Centre.
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Yes, that's right.
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He got some brave volunteers to spend six hours every day for ten days indoors,
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in temperatures of just 15 to 16 degrees Celsius, whilst just wearing T-shirts and shorts.
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Now, that's not something I would normally do.
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But these guinea pigs, now that's a name for people who are used in experiments, became accustomed to, or used to, the cold.
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And their metabolism worked faster.
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Yes, metabolism is an important thing.
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This is the chemical process in your body that causes you to burn food and turn it into energy.
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So in this research, living in cooler conditions made people's bodies burn food faster.
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Yes, so they burnt off the calories and that means they lost weight.
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It sounds like a simple and easy diet, doesn't it, Rob?
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I like the sound of this.
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It doesn't really involve too much effort.
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It doesn't mean, though, you can just be a couch potato.
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You still need to do some exercise.
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But living in a cooler temperature could help to some extent, and this is because of brown fat.
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Mmm, brown fat, huh?
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Now let's find out more about this from Dr. Wouter van Markenlichtenbelt,
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who's been speaking to the BBC's Health Check programme.
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What happens to brown fat when it is activated?
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Brown fat cell is really not filled with fat but with other particles that can increase energy metabolism a lot.
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So as brown fat gets activated, it produces heat, so it warms up the body.
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Ah, so he says brown fat isn't actually fat.
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It has particles that help to increase your metabolism.
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When it's activated, or when it starts working, it makes heat and that warms up the body.
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Yes, it's interesting stuff.
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And brown fat actually increases after living in cold conditions.
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It's particularly found in animals that hibernate, the ones that sleep during the winter.
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A similar experiment took place in Japan, which led to people losing weight.
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But I find if the temperature is colder, I want to eat more to warm up.
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particularly unhealthy food, or what we call comfort food.
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Oh yes, me too.
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But the doctor says we mustn't, and he explains that losing weight this way also depends on other lifestyle factors,
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so other ways we lead our life, such as exercise and what we eat.
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But he does feel understanding environmental conditions – that's where we live and work – could be useful in the future.
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He thinks a factor like temperature has been neglected, or not thought important.
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And he believes it should be thought about when designing heating and cooling systems for homes and offices.
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Now, what does this mean?
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Does it mean I'm going to be shivering like that when I'm at work?
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Well, it will mean you'll be producing extra brown fat instead of that other fat you've got.
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Yes, only a little.
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But seriously, the doctor is just talking about turning the temperature down a few degrees, not turning the room into a freezer.
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It would certainly help reduce electricity and gas bills, wouldn't it?
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Well, it's time now to reveal the answer to the question I set you earlier.
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I asked you, what is the recommended number of calories an average man needs each day to maintain a healthy weight?
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I said C, 3,000 calories.
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That's a lot of calories.
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The answer is actually 2,500 calories.
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2,500 calories.
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500 too many.
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The recommended number of calories for an average woman is 2,000 calories per day.
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OK.
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Well, that brings us to the end of today's Six Minute English.
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Please join us again soon.
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Bye-bye.
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Bye.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Bài 8 - Giảm Cân Không Cần Cố!」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：fat, calories, brown, weight, temperature。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が91文、単語が910語あります。 音声の長さは6:02です。 話す速さは1分あたり約151語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の84%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
calorie 名詞/ˈkæləɹi/カロリー
metabolism 名詞/məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/代謝, 新陳代謝
toffee 名詞/ˈtɔfi/タフィー, ファッジ
particle 名詞/ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/粒子
biologist 名詞/baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/生物学者
hibernate 動詞/ˈhaɪbəɹˌneɪt/冬眠する
shiver 動詞/ˈʃɪvɚ/震える
tyre 名詞/taɪə(ɹ)/タイヤ
accustomed 形容詞/əˈkʌs.təmd/慣れた
freezer 名詞/ˈfɹizɚ/フリーザー, 冷凍庫
perceive 動詞/pɚˈsiv/知覚する, 認める
neglect 動詞/nɪˈɡlɛkt/無視する, 忽略する
vocabulary 名詞/vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/語彙, 語彙力
slim 形容詞/ˈslɪm/ほっそりした, 細い
potato 名詞/pəˈteɪ.təʊ/じゃがいも, 馬鈴薯

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語発音意味
warm up 動詞/ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/温まる
find out 動詞見出す, 調べる

繰り返し練習したい文

動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。

  • In today's programme, we're talking about slimming.
  • That sounds a lot, doesn't it?
  • We'll find out if you're right later on.

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるare used · is activated · is really not filled
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加えるpeople who perceive · People who want · people who are
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhas found · has been neglected
「will」の未来表現 will + 動詞 — その場の決定、約束、予測We'll explain · We'll find · will mean

注意したい発音

話し手はdoesn't, I'm, we'llなど、短縮形や弱形を19回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/, biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: calorie /ˈkæləɹi/, particle /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, volunteer /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/
  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/, shiver /ˈʃɪvɚ/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, volunteer /ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: toffee /ˈtɔfi/, freezer /ˈfɹizɚ/, lifestyle /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/, fewer /ˈfjuː.ɚ/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。calorie, metabolism, toffeeなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →