Pratica di Shadowing: Bài 8 - Giảm Cân Không Cần Cố! - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.
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Hello, I'm Rob.
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And I'm Finn.
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And this is 6 Minute English.
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In today's programme, we're talking about slimming.
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In other words, doing something to lose weight and get thinner.
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Not a problem for you, Finn, eh?
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Well, actually, Rob, I do have a small tyre of fat that's growing around my middle.
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So, even I don't have a perfect body.
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Well, it doesn't show and maybe you are what we call toffee, OK?
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That's thin on the outside and fat on the inside.
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Toffee, OK, right.
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But for people who perceive or think they may be fat on the outside, there could be some good news.
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Mm-hmm, and this is to do with research about the temperature of your house.
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We'll explain more soon and we will look at some related vocabulary.
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But first, Rob, have you got a question for me?
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Of course I have, a big fat question for you.
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Very good.
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This is about calories.
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These are the units that measure how much energy you get from food.
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People who want to lose weight try to eat food with fewer calories in them.
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But what is the recommended number of calories an average man needs each day to maintain a healthy weight?
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Is it a 2,000 calories, b 2,500 calories, or c 3,000 calories?
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Oh no, I should know this.
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I think it's c 3,000 calories.
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Wow.
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Okay.
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That sounds a lot, doesn't it?
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It does.
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We'll find out if you're right later on.
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Thank you.
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Let's talk more now about a possible new way to slim or lose weight.
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New research has found that heating your house too much could make you fat.
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Mmm, and turning the central heating down could make you lose the pounds.
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This is the claim from Dr. Wouter van Markenlichtenbelt, who is a biologist at Maastricht University Medical Centre.
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Yes, that's right.
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He got some brave volunteers to spend six hours every day for ten days indoors,
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in temperatures of just 15 to 16 degrees Celsius, whilst just wearing T-shirts and shorts.
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Now, that's not something I would normally do.
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But these guinea pigs, now that's a name for people who are used in experiments, became accustomed to, or used to, the cold.
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And their metabolism worked faster.
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Yes, metabolism is an important thing.
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This is the chemical process in your body that causes you to burn food and turn it into energy.
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So in this research, living in cooler conditions made people's bodies burn food faster.
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Yes, so they burnt off the calories and that means they lost weight.
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It sounds like a simple and easy diet, doesn't it, Rob?
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I like the sound of this.
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It doesn't really involve too much effort.
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It doesn't mean, though, you can just be a couch potato.
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You still need to do some exercise.
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But living in a cooler temperature could help to some extent, and this is because of brown fat.
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Mmm, brown fat, huh?
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Now let's find out more about this from Dr. Wouter van Markenlichtenbelt,
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who's been speaking to the BBC's Health Check programme.
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What happens to brown fat when it is activated?
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Brown fat cell is really not filled with fat but with other particles that can increase energy metabolism a lot.
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So as brown fat gets activated, it produces heat, so it warms up the body.
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Ah, so he says brown fat isn't actually fat.
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It has particles that help to increase your metabolism.
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When it's activated, or when it starts working, it makes heat and that warms up the body.
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Yes, it's interesting stuff.
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And brown fat actually increases after living in cold conditions.
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It's particularly found in animals that hibernate, the ones that sleep during the winter.
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A similar experiment took place in Japan, which led to people losing weight.
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But I find if the temperature is colder, I want to eat more to warm up.
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particularly unhealthy food, or what we call comfort food.
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Oh yes, me too.
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But the doctor says we mustn't, and he explains that losing weight this way also depends on other lifestyle factors,
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so other ways we lead our life, such as exercise and what we eat.
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But he does feel understanding environmental conditions – that's where we live and work – could be useful in the future.
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He thinks a factor like temperature has been neglected, or not thought important.
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And he believes it should be thought about when designing heating and cooling systems for homes and offices.
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Now, what does this mean?
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Does it mean I'm going to be shivering like that when I'm at work?
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Well, it will mean you'll be producing extra brown fat instead of that other fat you've got.
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Yes, only a little.
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But seriously, the doctor is just talking about turning the temperature down a few degrees, not turning the room into a freezer.
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It would certainly help reduce electricity and gas bills, wouldn't it?
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Well, it's time now to reveal the answer to the question I set you earlier.
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I asked you, what is the recommended number of calories an average man needs each day to maintain a healthy weight?
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I said C, 3,000 calories.
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That's a lot of calories.
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The answer is actually 2,500 calories.
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2,500 calories.
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500 too many.
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The recommended number of calories for an average woman is 2,000 calories per day.
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OK.
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Well, that brings us to the end of today's Six Minute English.
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Please join us again soon.
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Bye-bye.
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Bye.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione di livello B1 si basa sul video “Bài 8 - Giảm Cân Không Cần Cố!”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: fat, calories, brown, weight, temperature. Questo video contiene 91 frasi e 910 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 6:02. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 151 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 84% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
Le 15 parole più avanzate del video, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| calorie sostantivo | /ˈkæləɹi/ | caloria |
| metabolism sostantivo | /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/ | metabolismo, ricambio |
| toffee sostantivo | /ˈtɔfi/ | caramella mou |
| particle sostantivo | /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/ | granello, pezzetto |
| biologist sostantivo | /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/ | biologo, biologa |
| hibernate verbo | /ˈhaɪbəɹˌneɪt/ | ibernare |
| shiver verbo | /ˈʃɪvɚ/ | rabbrividire, tremare |
| tyre sostantivo | /taɪə(ɹ)/ | gomma, pneumatico |
| indoors avverbio | /ɪnˈdɔɹz/ | dentro, al chiuso |
| accustomed aggettivo | /əˈkʌs.təmd/ | abituato, avvezzo |
| freezer sostantivo | /ˈfɹizɚ/ | freezer, congelatore |
| unhealthy aggettivo | /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/ | malsano, insalubre |
| perceive verbo | /pɚˈsiv/ | percepire |
| neglect verbo | /nɪˈɡlɛkt/ | mancare, negligere |
| vocabulary sostantivo | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | vocabolario |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | scoprire |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- In today's programme, we're talking about slimming.
- That sounds a lot, doesn't it?
- We'll find out if you're right later on.
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | are used · is activated · is really not filled |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | people who perceive · People who want · people who are |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | has found · has been neglected |
| Futuro con “will” will + verbo — una decisione, una promessa o una previsione | We'll explain · We'll find · will mean |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 19 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come doesn't, I'm, we'll. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/, biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: hibernate /ˈhaɪbəɹˌneɪt/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/, biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/, hibernate /ˈhaɪbəɹˌneɪt/, indoors /ɪnˈdɔɹz/, accustomed /əˈkʌs.təmd/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: calorie /ˈkæləɹi/, metabolism /məˈtæb.əˌlɪz.əm/, activate /ˈæktɪˌveɪt/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come calorie, metabolism, toffee.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.